Summary NR 511 Differential Diagnosis and Primary Care Midterm Exam Review

NR511 / NR 511 Differential Diagnosis and Primary Care Midterm Exam Review 1. Pre-Cancerous lesions: Actinic Keratosis - Assess: o Inspection: the question may provide a description of the rash; flesh colored, hard, sand-paper like - Diagnose: Based on presentation - Treat: most often cryotherapy - Who is at risk? Sun exposure - What is the risk of it developing into something else? Pre-cancerous lesion that can progress to a squamous cell carcinoma - Do I need to refer the patient? To dermatologist to help prevent its progression 2. Fungal Skin Infections - Assess: popular rash, satellite lesions - Diagnose: based on presentation; common type: candida albicans - Treat: antifungal cream, pill; keep area as dry as possible; favors moisture, warmth and poor air circulation (consider the location of the rash - Who is at risk? Can be opportunistic (immunocompromised patients); look at patient’s age; older, younger (could be diaper rash); diabetics, antibiotic therapy - What is the risk of it developing into something else? Not likely - Do I need to refer the patient? Only if no improvement 3. Common Types of Fungal Infections-Consider appearance and distribution - Tinea versicolor- Flat to slightly elevated brown papules and plaques that scale when they are rubbed along with areas of hypopigmentation; pruritic; most commonly found on trunk and shoulders - Balanitis- Candidiasis in the glans of the penis - Tinea Corporis-Annual lesions with scaly borders and central clearing on the trunk - Tinea Pedis- Athlete’s foot-feet and between toes - Tinea Cruis- Jock itch-groin 4. Bacterial Skin Infections: Warm, Red, Painful without sharply demarcated border - Cellulitis: is a spreading infection of the epidermis and subcutaneous tissue that usually begins after a break in the skin - Folliculitis: bacterial infection of the hair follicle; papules are characteristic of folliculitis