Summary WJEC Biology for AS Level, BY1 - Basic Biochemistry and organisation

PE.IO 108J

, Ch 1 .




water
structureofwater

When Hao + NaCl .




- hydrogen
bonds Oo Ooo ooo
i
s -




N④ ④
s+
00 °O°
'
④ "
Q o
⑤
"


.
! '
'
'
the oxygen ions are the Ht are
-




④ attracted to Nat attracted to CI
④

Because opposite charges attract .




like charge repel
Propertiesof_Watr
.




1. High Specific Heat Capacity : the
energy needed to
raise the temperature of water
by 1°C .




↳ allow organisms to keep themselves at the right temperature
blooded )
e.
g. exotherms I warm -




2.
High Latent Heat of vapourisation :
the energy needed to convert water to vapour

3. High surface tension : take gliders
-




4. Metabolism -



Hydrolysis
↳ catabolic reaction which breaks down molecules

e.
g. maltose + Hzo → d-
glucose + ✗ -




glucose
5. Metabolism -
Condensation

↳ anabolic reaction which builds up molecules

Cohn Do +6oz
g. Gcoz +61-1,0
→
e.

6 .
Solvent

7. Transparent
↳ allow aquatic plants to photosynthesis e
8. High density as
liquid 1 lower as solid )
↳ ice floats
9. Support :
Buoyancy
↳ allow large animals to float
10 .
Support :
rigidity

, Nutrients
-




MGH .



Chlorophyll production N
co factor for enzymes p
-
-




"
Fe .



Haemoglobin K
°
Co -

factor for enzymes
"
ca .

Bones ¢ teeth

-


Calcium peltate -

cement between plant cells

blood
-




clotting
Vesicles
synapse
. -




-

muscle contraction
-




co -


factor for enzymes
13043 Main components for DNA RNA ATP phospholipids
-




.




, ,
,




carbohydrates

1. Monosaccharides : monomers for complex carbohydrates
Those ↳ Hoos glyceraldehyde
pentose Csthoos ribose

Hexose Cattalo glucose

B
A-
glucose glucose
-




G




lies
H ↳

1
" .



maltose water
A-
glucose glucose
- +
ta -




Iii I.it#L..tEH-n-no
bond
411,41 -




glycosidic