Metals and Non-Metals 87
ACTIVITY ZONE
Check Yourself
ACTIVITY 1 (a) 1. What happens when we rub the surface of the metals with
(NCERT Pg 37, 38) sand paper?
Aim Ans Metals regain their original shine when rubbed with sand paper
(in most of the cases).
To study the following physical properties of metals
2. Name a metal which can be cut with a knife.
Ä Metallic lustre Ä Hardness
Ans Sodium metal is soft and can be easily cut with a knife.
Ä Malleability Ä Ductility
Ä Sonority 3. Aluminium is used for making cooking utensils.
Which properties of aluminium are responsible for the same?
Materials Required Ans Due to good thermal conductivity and high melting point,
Samples (ribbon/pieces/wires) of some metals like Fe, aluminium metal is used for making utensils.
Cu, Al, Mg, Pb, Zn, Na etc., sand paper, knife, filter 4. What is ductility?
paper and hammer. Ans The ability of metals to be drawn into thin wire is known as
ductility.
Procedure
1. Initially note the appearance, i.e. brightness of the 5. Name the property of metals of producing sound.
surface of each metal. Then, rub their surfaces with Ans The property of metals of producing sound is called sonority.
the sand paper and note the changes observed.
2. Take small pieces of Fe, Al and Mg. Try to cut them
with a knife to check their hardness. Then, take a
piece of sodium out of kerosene and dry it with a filter
ACTIVITY 1(b) (NCERT Pg 39)
paper. Then, try to cut it with a knife and note down
all observations. Aim
3. Take small blocks of Fe, Zn, Pb and Cu metals and To study the (i ) electrical conductivity (ii ) thermal
place Zn, Pb and Cu pieces over the block of iron conductivity in metals.
one by one and strike them with the help of a
hammer for 4-5 times. Observe and note the changes Materials Required
in the shape of these metals. Also note, if any sound is Wires of metals like Al, Cu etc., stand, burner, pin, wax, battery,
produced. metal wire or piece (to be tested), clips, switch and bulb.
4. Collect some metals which are available in the form Procedure
of wires. Note down the names of these metals.
1. Activity (i ) Take an aluminium or copper wire and
Observations and Conclusions arrange the electric circuit as shown in the diagram given
1. Metals have metallic lustre. If some layer of oxide below. Placed the metal wire in between the terminals of
covers the surface and hides its lustre then remove it A and B, record the observations, whether the bulb glows or
with sand paper to bring the original lustre back. not.
2. Iron, aluminium and magnesium metals are hard but Battery
their degree of hardness vary. Mg can also be cut with Bulb
knife but with some difficulty. Sodium metal is soft
and can be easily cut with knife. It shows that metals
are generally hard (except sodium or other alkali Switch
Clips
metals).
A B
3. Metals are sonorous, i.e. they produce sound when
struck with a hard object like hammer. Metals are Insert sample
also malleable as they can be converted into sheets to be tested
when hammered. Electrical circuit diagram to show metals
4. Metals are generally ductile. Most of the metals are are good conductors of electricit
available as wires like Cu, Al, Ag, Au, Pt, Fe etc.
ACTIVITY ZONE
Check Yourself
ACTIVITY 1 (a) 1. What happens when we rub the surface of the metals with
(NCERT Pg 37, 38) sand paper?
Aim Ans Metals regain their original shine when rubbed with sand paper
(in most of the cases).
To study the following physical properties of metals
2. Name a metal which can be cut with a knife.
Ä Metallic lustre Ä Hardness
Ans Sodium metal is soft and can be easily cut with a knife.
Ä Malleability Ä Ductility
Ä Sonority 3. Aluminium is used for making cooking utensils.
Which properties of aluminium are responsible for the same?
Materials Required Ans Due to good thermal conductivity and high melting point,
Samples (ribbon/pieces/wires) of some metals like Fe, aluminium metal is used for making utensils.
Cu, Al, Mg, Pb, Zn, Na etc., sand paper, knife, filter 4. What is ductility?
paper and hammer. Ans The ability of metals to be drawn into thin wire is known as
ductility.
Procedure
1. Initially note the appearance, i.e. brightness of the 5. Name the property of metals of producing sound.
surface of each metal. Then, rub their surfaces with Ans The property of metals of producing sound is called sonority.
the sand paper and note the changes observed.
2. Take small pieces of Fe, Al and Mg. Try to cut them
with a knife to check their hardness. Then, take a
piece of sodium out of kerosene and dry it with a filter
ACTIVITY 1(b) (NCERT Pg 39)
paper. Then, try to cut it with a knife and note down
all observations. Aim
3. Take small blocks of Fe, Zn, Pb and Cu metals and To study the (i ) electrical conductivity (ii ) thermal
place Zn, Pb and Cu pieces over the block of iron conductivity in metals.
one by one and strike them with the help of a
hammer for 4-5 times. Observe and note the changes Materials Required
in the shape of these metals. Also note, if any sound is Wires of metals like Al, Cu etc., stand, burner, pin, wax, battery,
produced. metal wire or piece (to be tested), clips, switch and bulb.
4. Collect some metals which are available in the form Procedure
of wires. Note down the names of these metals.
1. Activity (i ) Take an aluminium or copper wire and
Observations and Conclusions arrange the electric circuit as shown in the diagram given
1. Metals have metallic lustre. If some layer of oxide below. Placed the metal wire in between the terminals of
covers the surface and hides its lustre then remove it A and B, record the observations, whether the bulb glows or
with sand paper to bring the original lustre back. not.
2. Iron, aluminium and magnesium metals are hard but Battery
their degree of hardness vary. Mg can also be cut with Bulb
knife but with some difficulty. Sodium metal is soft
and can be easily cut with knife. It shows that metals
are generally hard (except sodium or other alkali Switch
Clips
metals).
A B
3. Metals are sonorous, i.e. they produce sound when
struck with a hard object like hammer. Metals are Insert sample
also malleable as they can be converted into sheets to be tested
when hammered. Electrical circuit diagram to show metals
4. Metals are generally ductile. Most of the metals are are good conductors of electricit
available as wires like Cu, Al, Ag, Au, Pt, Fe etc.
