MLT 106 BASIC GENETICS Questions with Correct Solutions
Question:
1. What type of genetics pertains to genetic traits in a large number of individuals?
Answer:
population genetics
Question:
2. What type of genetics pertains to cellular organization of genetic materials?
Answer:
cellular genetics
Question:
3. What type of genetics pertains to gene biochemistry such as DNA and proteins that are
part of the chromosomal architecture?
Answer:
molecular genetics
Question:
4. What term is defined as an alternate form of a gene?
Answer:
allele
Question:
5. What is a highly basic protein around which DNA is coiled that helps keep chromosome
shape and stabilize the structure?
Answer:
histone
Question:
6. True or false? Mendel's laws apply to all sexually producing haploid organisms.
Answer:
false; diploid
Question:
7. How do alleles affect each other when present in the same organism?
,Answer:
they do not affect each other; they are independent
Question:
8. Which law states that genes for different traits are inherited separately?
Answer:
law of independent assortment
Question:
9. Which type of dominance results in a blend of traits?
Answer:
partial dominance
Question:
10. Which type of dominance results in dual expression of both traits?
Answer:
codominance
Question:
11. What type of dominance is common in plants?
Answer:
partial dominance
Question:
12. What type of dominance is typical for blood groups?
Answer:
codominance
Question:
13. If the P1 generation consists of a homozygous dominant and recessive, what will the
expected ratio of dominant and recessive traits be in the F1 and F2 generation?
Answer:
F1 4:0 F2 3:1
Question:
14. What is another name for a Mendelian diagram?
Answer:
punnett square
,Question:
15. the Hardy-Weinberg principle requires that the population is _______, mating is ________,
no _________ occur, and that there is no __________, ____________ or _________ of genotypes
Answer:
large random mutations migrations differential mortality
Question:
16. What does a double line on a pedigree indicate?
Answer:
consanguineous mating; descendants from same ancestor
Question:
17. What are autosomes?
Answer:
chromosomes that are not sex chromosomes
Question:
18. What enzyme opens the supercoils?
Answer:
DNA gyrase
Question:
19. What enzyme separates the two strands of the double helix?
Answer:
DNA helicase
Question:
20. What enzyme acts on the leading strand to synthesize new DNA in the 5′ to 3′ direction?
Answer:
polymerase III
Question:
21. What is the term defined as fragments of replicated DNA that must be joined together to
make a complete continuous strand?
Answer:
Okazaki fragments
, Question:
22. What enzyme recoils the DNA?
Answer:
isomerase
Question:
23. What term is defined as a specific location of a gene on a chromosome?
Answer:
locus
Question:
24. What term is defined as a silent gene?
Answer:
amorph
Question:
25. What term is defined as an individual's genetic makeup?
Answer:
genotype
Question:
26. True or false? Blood groups exhibit partial dominance.
Answer:
false; codominance
Question:
27. What is the difference between a eukaryote and a prokaryote?
Answer:
eukaryotes have a defined nucleus
Question:
28. What are Mendel's 2 laws mentioned in this unit?
Answer:
independent segregation independent assortment
Question:
29. True or false? Alleles interact with each other when present in the same organism.
Question:
1. What type of genetics pertains to genetic traits in a large number of individuals?
Answer:
population genetics
Question:
2. What type of genetics pertains to cellular organization of genetic materials?
Answer:
cellular genetics
Question:
3. What type of genetics pertains to gene biochemistry such as DNA and proteins that are
part of the chromosomal architecture?
Answer:
molecular genetics
Question:
4. What term is defined as an alternate form of a gene?
Answer:
allele
Question:
5. What is a highly basic protein around which DNA is coiled that helps keep chromosome
shape and stabilize the structure?
Answer:
histone
Question:
6. True or false? Mendel's laws apply to all sexually producing haploid organisms.
Answer:
false; diploid
Question:
7. How do alleles affect each other when present in the same organism?
,Answer:
they do not affect each other; they are independent
Question:
8. Which law states that genes for different traits are inherited separately?
Answer:
law of independent assortment
Question:
9. Which type of dominance results in a blend of traits?
Answer:
partial dominance
Question:
10. Which type of dominance results in dual expression of both traits?
Answer:
codominance
Question:
11. What type of dominance is common in plants?
Answer:
partial dominance
Question:
12. What type of dominance is typical for blood groups?
Answer:
codominance
Question:
13. If the P1 generation consists of a homozygous dominant and recessive, what will the
expected ratio of dominant and recessive traits be in the F1 and F2 generation?
Answer:
F1 4:0 F2 3:1
Question:
14. What is another name for a Mendelian diagram?
Answer:
punnett square
,Question:
15. the Hardy-Weinberg principle requires that the population is _______, mating is ________,
no _________ occur, and that there is no __________, ____________ or _________ of genotypes
Answer:
large random mutations migrations differential mortality
Question:
16. What does a double line on a pedigree indicate?
Answer:
consanguineous mating; descendants from same ancestor
Question:
17. What are autosomes?
Answer:
chromosomes that are not sex chromosomes
Question:
18. What enzyme opens the supercoils?
Answer:
DNA gyrase
Question:
19. What enzyme separates the two strands of the double helix?
Answer:
DNA helicase
Question:
20. What enzyme acts on the leading strand to synthesize new DNA in the 5′ to 3′ direction?
Answer:
polymerase III
Question:
21. What is the term defined as fragments of replicated DNA that must be joined together to
make a complete continuous strand?
Answer:
Okazaki fragments
, Question:
22. What enzyme recoils the DNA?
Answer:
isomerase
Question:
23. What term is defined as a specific location of a gene on a chromosome?
Answer:
locus
Question:
24. What term is defined as a silent gene?
Answer:
amorph
Question:
25. What term is defined as an individual's genetic makeup?
Answer:
genotype
Question:
26. True or false? Blood groups exhibit partial dominance.
Answer:
false; codominance
Question:
27. What is the difference between a eukaryote and a prokaryote?
Answer:
eukaryotes have a defined nucleus
Question:
28. What are Mendel's 2 laws mentioned in this unit?
Answer:
independent segregation independent assortment
Question:
29. True or false? Alleles interact with each other when present in the same organism.
