MED Final Exam Study Guide SURG 201 - Comprehensive Answer Key

MED Final Exam Study Guide SURG 201 - Comprehensive Answer Key A patient receives aspart (NovoLog) insulin at 8:00 AM. At which time would the nurse anticipate the highest risk for hypoglycemia? - answer - 10:00 AM A client has a serum potassium level of 6.5 mmol/L, a serum creatinine level of 2 mg/dL, and a urine output of 350 mL/day. What is the best action by the nurse? - answer - Place the client on a cardiac monitor immediately. The nurse will anticipate teaching a patient with nephrotic syndrome who develops flank pain about treatment with - answer - Anticoagulants A client with acute kidney injury has a blood pressure of 76/55 mmHg. The health care provider ordered 1000 mL of normal saline to be infused over 1 hour to maintain perfusion. The client is starting to develop shortness of breath. What is the nurse's priority action? - answer - Slow down the normal saline infusion. A 48-yr-old male patient who weighs 242 lb (110 kg) undergoes a nephrectomy for massive kidney trauma from a motor vehicle crash. Which postoperative assessment finding is most important to communicate to the surgeon? - answer - Urine output is 20 mL/hr for 2 hours. A 56-yr-old female patient is admitted to the hospital with new-on-set nephrotic syndrome. Which assessment data will the nurse expect? - answer - Recent weight gain A nurse assesses a client with diabetes mellitus and notes the client only responds to a sternal rub by moaning, has capillary blood glucose of 33 g/dL, and has an intravenous line that is infiltrated with 0.45% normal saline. Which action should the nurse take first? - answer - Administer 1 mg of intramuscular glucagon. Which finding for a patient admitted with glomerulonephritis indicates to the nurse that treatment has been effective? - answer - The periorbital and peripheral edema are resolved. A nurse collaborates with the interdisciplinary team to develop a plan of care for a client who is newly diagnosed with diabetes mellitus. Which team members should the nurse include in this interdisciplinary team meeting? (Select all that apply.) - answer - Clinical pharmacist Health care provider Registered dietitian Which assessment finding for a patient who has just been admitted with acute pyelonephritis is most important for the nurse to report to the health care provider? - answer - Blood pressure 90/48 mm Hg A nurse assesses a client who has a 15-year history of diabetes and notes decreased tactile sensation in both feet. Which action should the nurse take first? - answer - Examine the client's feet for signs of injury. A nurse cares for a client who is recovering after a nephrostomy tube was placed 6 hours ago. The nurse notes drainage in the tube has decreased from 40 mL/hr to 12 mL over the last hour. Which action should the nurse take? - answer - Assess the client's abdomen and vital signs. A client is admitted with acute kidney injury (AKI) and a urine output of 2000 mL/day. What is the major concern of the nurse regarding this client's care? - answer - Electrolyte and fluid imbalance A hospitalized diabetic patient received 38 U of NPH insulin at 7:00 AM. At 1:00 PM, the patient has been away from the nursing unit for 2 hours, missing the lunch delivery while awaiting a chest x-ray. To prevent hypoglycemia, the best action by the nurse is to - answer - request that if testing is further delayed, the patient be returned to the unit to eat. A diabetes nurse is assessing a client's knowledge of self-care skills. What would be the most appropriate way for the educator to assess the client's knowledge of nutritional therapy in diabetes? - answer - Ask the client to keep a food diary and review it with the nurse. A nurse cares for a client who is prescribed pioglitazone (Actos). After 6 months of therapy, the client reports that his urine has become darker since starting the medication. Which action should the nurse take? - answer - Review the client's liver function study results . A male client comes int