Evidence-Based Practice in Nursing & Healthcare: A Guide to Best Practice, 5th Edition, Bernadette Mazurek Melnyk – Complete Exam Preparation Material Test Bank

Test Bank For Evidence-Based Practice in Nursing & Healthcare A Guide to
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Best Practice 5th Edition
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by Bernadette Mazurek Melnyk, Ellen Fineout-Overholt
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Chapter 1 - 23 Complet
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,Chapter 1 Making the Case for Evidence-Based Practice and
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Cultivating a Spirit of Inquiry ni ni ni ni ni




In the hospital where Nurse L. provides care, tradition dictates that oral temperatures be
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included in every set of patient vital signs, regardless of patient diagnosis or acuity. Thisis
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most likely an example of which of the following phenomena? ni ni ni ni ni ni ni ni ni ni




A) The prioritization of internal evidence over external evidenceni ni ni ni ni ni ni




B) Practice that lacks evidenceto support its application ni ni ni ni ni ni ni




C) The integration of personal expertise into nursing care ni ni ni ni ni ni ni




D) Evidence-based practice ni




2. The clinical nurse educator (CNE) on a postsurgical unit has recently completed a patient
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chart review after the implementation of a pilot program aimed at promoting early
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ambulation following surgery. Which of the following components of EBP is thenurse
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putting into practice?
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A) Patientpreferences ni




B) Research utilization ni




C) Experience
D) Internal evidence ni




3. Nurse R. has observed that reorienting demented patients as frequently as possible tends
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to minimize the patients' level of agitation in the evening. The nurse has shared this
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observation with a colleague, who is skeptical, stating that, “It's best to stick to evidence-
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based practice.” How can Nurse R. best respond?
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A) “EBP can include clinicians' personal expertise.” ni ni ni ni ni




B) “Personal experience is often more sound than formal evidence-based practice.” ni ni ni ni ni ni ni ni ni




C) “Traditional practice and EBP are usually shown to be the same.” ni ni ni ni ni ni ni ni ni ni




D) “My years of experience can be just as valuable as any literature review or
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randomized trial.” i
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4. Which of the following factors provides the most important rationale for the consistent
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implementation of EBP?
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A) EBP provides for the most cost-effective patient care. ni ni ni ni ni ni ni




B) EBP is accessible to all healthcare clinicians. ni ni ni ni ni ni




C) EBP provides consistency in care acrosshealthcare settings. ni ni ni ni ni ni ni




D) EBP improves patient outcomes. ni ni ni

,5. The Institute of Medicine's Roundtable on Evidence-Based Medicine has been
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established to address EBP. Which of the following issues is the Roundtable
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emphasizing?
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A) Ensuring that external evidence, rather than internal evidence, is integrated into ni ni ni ni ni ni ni ni ni ni




care i
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B) Fosteringthe level of learning that exists in the American healthcare system ni ni ni ni ni ni ni ni ni ni ni




C) Issuing clinical guidelines to ensure best nursing practice ni ni ni ni ni ni ni




D) Comparing the implementation of EBP in the United States with that of other ni ni ni ni ni ni ni ni ni ni ni ni




Western countries
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6. You have become frustrated with some aspects of patient care that you believe are
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outdated and ineffective at the long-term care facility where you have recently begun
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practicing. Consequently, you have resolved to examine some of these practices in lightof
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evidence. Which of the following should occur first in the steps of EBP?
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A) Conducting an electronic search of the literature and ranking individual sources ni ni ni ni ni ni ni ni ni ni




B) Creating “buy-in” from the other clinicians who provide careat the facility ni ni ni ni ni ni ni ni ni ni ni




C) Developing an inquisitiveand curious mindset ni ni ni ni ni




D) Assessing whether the practices in question may, in fact, be evidence-based ni ni ni ni ni ni ni ni ni ni




7. Which of the following clinical questions best exemplifies the PICOTformat?
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A) What effect does parents' smoking have on the smoking habits oftheir children,
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ages 13 to 16?
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B) Amongcancer patients, whatrole does meditation,rather than benzodiazepines, ni ni ni ni ni ni ni ni ni




have on anxiety levels during the 7 days following hospital admission?
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C) Among undergraduate college students, what is the effectiveness of a sexual health ni ni ni ni ni ni ni ni ni ni ni




campaign undertaken during the first 4 weeks of the fall semester as measured by
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incidence of new gonorrheal and chlamydial infections reported to the campus
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medical center?
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D) In patients aged 8 to 12, is the effectiveness of a pain scale using faces superior to a
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numeric rating scale in the emergency room context?
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8. After formulating a clinical question, a nurse has proceeded to search for evidence for ways
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to foster restful sleep in patients who are receiving care in the intensive care unit (ICU). The
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nurse has identified a relevant meta-analysis in an electronic database. Whatwill this
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source of evidence consist of?
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A) A statisticalsummaryofthe results from severaldifferent studies
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B) An examination of the theoretical and conceptual underpinnings of the issue
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C) An interdisciplinary analysis of the clinical question
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D) A qualitative study of different interventions related to the clinical question
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, 9. The nurses on a postpartum unit have noted that many primiparous (first-time) mothers
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are giving up on breastfeeding within the 24 hours following delivery, and the nurses want
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to create uniform guidelines for promoting breastfeeding on the unit. Which of the
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following sources is most likely to provide the best evidence in their quest for an
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intervention?
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A) Evidence from a randomized control trial that had more than 2500 participants ni ni ni ni ni ni ni ni ni ni ni




B) Evidence from a study that is widely regarded as a classic within the obstetrical ni ni ni ni ni ni ni ni ni ni ni ni ni




nursing community i
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C) Evidence from a systematic review of breastfeeding-promotion studies that one of ni ni ni ni ni ni ni ni ni ni




the nurses identified in an electronic database
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D) The consensus opinion of the most senior nurses on the unit
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10. The nurse educator on an acute medicine unit is advocating for the use of
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evidence-based clinical practice guidelines on wound care in order to standardize and ni ni ni ni ni ni ni ni ni ni ni




optimize the practice of the nurses on the unit. Which of the following statements best
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describes clinical practice guidelines?
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A) The result of replication studies of existing research by an impartial third party
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B) A collection of authorized interventions that are required by law
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C) A number of interventions that are the result ofa large, publically-funded RCT
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D) A group of practice recommendations that result from a rigorous review of the
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literature i
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11. A nurse is conducting a literature review on the evidence regarding the use of vacuum
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dressings on stage IV pressure ulcers. After locating a recent study that appears to be
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relevant, which of the following questions would the nurse consider first when critically
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appraising the study?
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A) “Are the findings of this study cost-effective in our clinical context?”
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B) "How would the implementation ofthis intervention affect ourstaffing needs?"
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C) “Were the patients in the study similar to the patients on my unit?” ni ni ni ni ni ni ni ni ni ni ni ni




D) “Are the findings ofthe studysignificantly different from whatwe are currently
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doing on the unit? i
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12. The primary care provider of a 49-year-old male patient has examined and briefly
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explained the evidence that supports beginning regular digital-rectal exams. Which of
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the following factors would justify not performing digital-rectal examinations in this
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patient's care?
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A) The patient is vehemently opposed to undergoing a digital-rectal exam.
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B) Clinical practice guidelines for prostate care have not been published. ni ni ni ni ni ni ni ni ni




C) The clinician has been unable to find any large RCTs in a literature review.
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D) The clinician has previously waited until patients are 55 to begin regular
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digital-rectal exams.
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