NURS 423 Exam 2 Salgado
Lecture 2026/2027 Expert
Verifed Ace the Test
Anemia is a ___ due to - ANSWER ✔✔Symptom; blood loss,
nutrition, mal-absorption, occurs with inflammation processes,
malignancies, inherited- like sickle cell and Thalassemia
Sickle cell anemia - ANSWER ✔✔Defective form hemoglobin S;
diagnosis at birth with newborn screen; pain crisis, abnormal shaped
cells so they cannot travel through vessels well and cause occlusive
crisis and stroke.
Sickle cell anemia treatment - ANSWER ✔✔Antibiotics as
prophylaxtic until age 5; pain meds; bone marrow transplant;
,Hydroxyurea-
Hydroxyurea - ANSWER ✔✔increases hemoglobin F levels, water
levels of RBCs, alters adhesion of cells to endothelial. Decreases crisis
and s/s sickle cell
iron deficiency anemia due to - ANSWER ✔✔decreased poor intake,
inadequate absorption in GI tract, and or increase in iron demand.
iron deficiency anemia labs monitor - ANSWER ✔✔Low: ferritin,
serum iron
High: TBIC
Iron def anemia treatment - ANSWER ✔✔100-200 elemental iron per
day. Ferrous sulfate 325mg tablets. Pediatrics are weight based.
Increase vitamin C d/t it increased absorption of iron.
Dont give IV ferrous gluconate and dextran in primary care
Anemia of chronic disease - ANSWER ✔✔Erythropoietin production
in kidneys is decreased, like in end stage renal disease.
Tx with Erythropoietin replacement
B12 deficiency anemia common in - ANSWER ✔✔Mostly in elderly,
alcoholics b/c they dont eat only drink, vegans, weight loss surgery
,B12 deficiency anemia d/t - ANSWER ✔✔Lack of intrinsic factor
Macrocytic
Disorder of DNA synthesis
B12 deficiency anemia - ANSWER ✔✔Tx Parenteral B12, no intrinsic
factor so can't absorb oral medications.
Check hematrocrit, increases in 3 weeks and normalizes in 3 months
Folate deficiency anemia results in - ANSWER ✔✔large functionally
immature erthyrocytes aka megablasts
Megablasts - ANSWER ✔✔Large functionally immature erthyrocytes
seen in folate def
Folate deficiency anemia d/t and treatment - ANSWER
✔✔inadequate intake, absorption/utilization, increased demands and/or
increased excretion
Tx- 1 mg folic acid daily- starting point, higher if needed
Goal of anticoagulation medication therapy - ANSWER ✔✔Primary
goal prevent stroke
in patients with A Fib, prosthetic valve, hx cardioembolic event
3
COPYRIGHT©JOSHCLAY 2026/2027. YEAR PUBLISHED 2026. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
, DVT and PE, prevent extension of thrombus or new ones
Post op orthopedic surgery, Aspirin to decrease risk of DVT/PE
Unfractionated heparin MOA - ANSWER ✔✔Prevents reaction that
leads to clotting, doesnt affect clotting time
Give parentally
Is heparin protein bound?
What labs monitor? - ANSWER ✔✔Yes, highly
Monitor aPTT, liver function??
Antidote of heparin - ANSWER ✔✔protamine sulfate
low molecular weight heparin MOA - ANSWER ✔✔Lovenox
Prevents activation Factor X and thrombin factor
Assess risk for GI bleed, blood in urine and sputum
Monitor Lovenox? - ANSWER ✔✔No, but if you want then monitor
anti-Xa
Is lovenox cleared renally? - ANSWER ✔✔Yes
Does Lovenox have an anitdote? - ANSWER ✔✔No
Enoxaparin (Lovenox) - ANSWER ✔✔low molecular weight heparin
Lecture 2026/2027 Expert
Verifed Ace the Test
Anemia is a ___ due to - ANSWER ✔✔Symptom; blood loss,
nutrition, mal-absorption, occurs with inflammation processes,
malignancies, inherited- like sickle cell and Thalassemia
Sickle cell anemia - ANSWER ✔✔Defective form hemoglobin S;
diagnosis at birth with newborn screen; pain crisis, abnormal shaped
cells so they cannot travel through vessels well and cause occlusive
crisis and stroke.
Sickle cell anemia treatment - ANSWER ✔✔Antibiotics as
prophylaxtic until age 5; pain meds; bone marrow transplant;
,Hydroxyurea-
Hydroxyurea - ANSWER ✔✔increases hemoglobin F levels, water
levels of RBCs, alters adhesion of cells to endothelial. Decreases crisis
and s/s sickle cell
iron deficiency anemia due to - ANSWER ✔✔decreased poor intake,
inadequate absorption in GI tract, and or increase in iron demand.
iron deficiency anemia labs monitor - ANSWER ✔✔Low: ferritin,
serum iron
High: TBIC
Iron def anemia treatment - ANSWER ✔✔100-200 elemental iron per
day. Ferrous sulfate 325mg tablets. Pediatrics are weight based.
Increase vitamin C d/t it increased absorption of iron.
Dont give IV ferrous gluconate and dextran in primary care
Anemia of chronic disease - ANSWER ✔✔Erythropoietin production
in kidneys is decreased, like in end stage renal disease.
Tx with Erythropoietin replacement
B12 deficiency anemia common in - ANSWER ✔✔Mostly in elderly,
alcoholics b/c they dont eat only drink, vegans, weight loss surgery
,B12 deficiency anemia d/t - ANSWER ✔✔Lack of intrinsic factor
Macrocytic
Disorder of DNA synthesis
B12 deficiency anemia - ANSWER ✔✔Tx Parenteral B12, no intrinsic
factor so can't absorb oral medications.
Check hematrocrit, increases in 3 weeks and normalizes in 3 months
Folate deficiency anemia results in - ANSWER ✔✔large functionally
immature erthyrocytes aka megablasts
Megablasts - ANSWER ✔✔Large functionally immature erthyrocytes
seen in folate def
Folate deficiency anemia d/t and treatment - ANSWER
✔✔inadequate intake, absorption/utilization, increased demands and/or
increased excretion
Tx- 1 mg folic acid daily- starting point, higher if needed
Goal of anticoagulation medication therapy - ANSWER ✔✔Primary
goal prevent stroke
in patients with A Fib, prosthetic valve, hx cardioembolic event
3
COPYRIGHT©JOSHCLAY 2026/2027. YEAR PUBLISHED 2026. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
, DVT and PE, prevent extension of thrombus or new ones
Post op orthopedic surgery, Aspirin to decrease risk of DVT/PE
Unfractionated heparin MOA - ANSWER ✔✔Prevents reaction that
leads to clotting, doesnt affect clotting time
Give parentally
Is heparin protein bound?
What labs monitor? - ANSWER ✔✔Yes, highly
Monitor aPTT, liver function??
Antidote of heparin - ANSWER ✔✔protamine sulfate
low molecular weight heparin MOA - ANSWER ✔✔Lovenox
Prevents activation Factor X and thrombin factor
Assess risk for GI bleed, blood in urine and sputum
Monitor Lovenox? - ANSWER ✔✔No, but if you want then monitor
anti-Xa
Is lovenox cleared renally? - ANSWER ✔✔Yes
Does Lovenox have an anitdote? - ANSWER ✔✔No
Enoxaparin (Lovenox) - ANSWER ✔✔low molecular weight heparin
