Nr293 Final Exam Prep Part 2 | Chamberlain
Pharmacology | Accurate Real Exam Question
And Answers With Rationales | Expert Verified
For Guaranteed Pass | Graded A
Question 1
A client is prescribed penicillin G. Which adverse effect requires immediate discontinuation?
A) Nausea and diarrhea
B) Anaphylaxis (urticaria, wheezing, hypotension)
C) Mild rash
D) Metallic taste
Answer
Answer: B
Rationale
Anaphylaxis is a life-threatening allergic reaction. Stop the drug and administer epinephrine.
Question 2
A nurse is teaching a client about warfarin. Which instruction is most important?
A) “Take aspirin for headaches.”
B) “Keep your intake of green leafy vegetables consistent.”
C) “Stop the medication if you bruise easily.”
D) “Double the dose if you miss one.”
Answer
Answer: B
Rationale
Vitamin K-rich foods affect INR. Consistency is key; do not double doses.
,Question 3
A client on furosemide reports muscle weakness and cramps. Which electrolyte imbalance is
most likely?
A) Hyperkalemia
B) Hypokalemia
C) Hypernatremia
D) Hypercalcemia
Answer
Answer: B
Rationale
Loop diuretics cause potassium loss. Monitor potassium and replace as needed.
Question 4
A client is prescribed metformin. Which instruction is correct?
A) Take on an empty stomach.
B) Take with meals to reduce GI upset.
C) Stop if you experience nausea.
D) Avoid all dairy products.
Answer
Answer: B
Rationale
Metformin commonly causes GI side effects; taking with food improves tolerance.
Question 5
A nurse is administering digoxin. Which finding requires holding the dose?
A) Heart rate 72 bpm
B) Apical pulse 52 bpm
C) Blood pressure 130/80 mmHg
D) Potassium 4.2 mEq/L
2
,Answer
Answer: B
Rationale
Digoxin is held for apical pulse <60 bpm in adults to avoid toxicity.
Question 6
A client is started on lisinopril. Which side effect is most characteristic?
A) Bradycardia
B) Dry cough
C) Hyperkalemia
D) Peripheral edema
Answer
Answer: B
Rationale
ACE inhibitors cause dry cough due to bradykinin accumulation. Switch to ARB if intolerable.
Question 7
A client with type 1 diabetes is prescribed insulin glargine. When should the nurse administer
it?
A) Before each meal
B) Once daily at the same time
C) Only when blood glucose is high
D) At bedtime as needed
Answer
Answer: B
Rationale
Glargine is a long-acting basal insulin given once daily at a consistent time.
3
, Question 8
A nurse is teaching a client about albuterol. Which instruction is correct?
A) Use daily for prevention.
B) Use as a rescue inhaler for acute symptoms.
C) Take with food.
D) Stop if heart rate increases.
Answer
Answer: B
Rationale
Albuterol is a short-acting beta-agonist for acute bronchospasm.
Question 9
A client is prescribed levothyroxine. Which instruction is most important?
A) Take with breakfast.
B) Take on an empty stomach 30-60 minutes before breakfast.
C) Take at bedtime.
D) Take with calcium supplements.
Answer
Answer: B
Rationale
Food and supplements reduce absorption. Consistent morning dosing is best.
Question 10
A client on lithium reports vomiting and coarse hand tremor. Which action should the nurse
take first?
A) Administer the next dose.
B) Hold the lithium and notify the provider.
C) Encourage fluid intake.
D) Give an antiemetic.
4
Pharmacology | Accurate Real Exam Question
And Answers With Rationales | Expert Verified
For Guaranteed Pass | Graded A
Question 1
A client is prescribed penicillin G. Which adverse effect requires immediate discontinuation?
A) Nausea and diarrhea
B) Anaphylaxis (urticaria, wheezing, hypotension)
C) Mild rash
D) Metallic taste
Answer
Answer: B
Rationale
Anaphylaxis is a life-threatening allergic reaction. Stop the drug and administer epinephrine.
Question 2
A nurse is teaching a client about warfarin. Which instruction is most important?
A) “Take aspirin for headaches.”
B) “Keep your intake of green leafy vegetables consistent.”
C) “Stop the medication if you bruise easily.”
D) “Double the dose if you miss one.”
Answer
Answer: B
Rationale
Vitamin K-rich foods affect INR. Consistency is key; do not double doses.
,Question 3
A client on furosemide reports muscle weakness and cramps. Which electrolyte imbalance is
most likely?
A) Hyperkalemia
B) Hypokalemia
C) Hypernatremia
D) Hypercalcemia
Answer
Answer: B
Rationale
Loop diuretics cause potassium loss. Monitor potassium and replace as needed.
Question 4
A client is prescribed metformin. Which instruction is correct?
A) Take on an empty stomach.
B) Take with meals to reduce GI upset.
C) Stop if you experience nausea.
D) Avoid all dairy products.
Answer
Answer: B
Rationale
Metformin commonly causes GI side effects; taking with food improves tolerance.
Question 5
A nurse is administering digoxin. Which finding requires holding the dose?
A) Heart rate 72 bpm
B) Apical pulse 52 bpm
C) Blood pressure 130/80 mmHg
D) Potassium 4.2 mEq/L
2
,Answer
Answer: B
Rationale
Digoxin is held for apical pulse <60 bpm in adults to avoid toxicity.
Question 6
A client is started on lisinopril. Which side effect is most characteristic?
A) Bradycardia
B) Dry cough
C) Hyperkalemia
D) Peripheral edema
Answer
Answer: B
Rationale
ACE inhibitors cause dry cough due to bradykinin accumulation. Switch to ARB if intolerable.
Question 7
A client with type 1 diabetes is prescribed insulin glargine. When should the nurse administer
it?
A) Before each meal
B) Once daily at the same time
C) Only when blood glucose is high
D) At bedtime as needed
Answer
Answer: B
Rationale
Glargine is a long-acting basal insulin given once daily at a consistent time.
3
, Question 8
A nurse is teaching a client about albuterol. Which instruction is correct?
A) Use daily for prevention.
B) Use as a rescue inhaler for acute symptoms.
C) Take with food.
D) Stop if heart rate increases.
Answer
Answer: B
Rationale
Albuterol is a short-acting beta-agonist for acute bronchospasm.
Question 9
A client is prescribed levothyroxine. Which instruction is most important?
A) Take with breakfast.
B) Take on an empty stomach 30-60 minutes before breakfast.
C) Take at bedtime.
D) Take with calcium supplements.
Answer
Answer: B
Rationale
Food and supplements reduce absorption. Consistent morning dosing is best.
Question 10
A client on lithium reports vomiting and coarse hand tremor. Which action should the nurse
take first?
A) Administer the next dose.
B) Hold the lithium and notify the provider.
C) Encourage fluid intake.
D) Give an antiemetic.
4
