Chapter 28: Urinary Elimination Nclex
Questions And Well Verified Answers
Actual Exam!!! 2026
A patient who underwent surgery for removal of a pituitary tumor develops a condition in
which the kidneys are unable to conserve water and the quantity of urine voided increases.
Which urine specific gravity would the nurse expect to find in the patient with this disorder?
1) 1.001
2) 1.010
3) 1.025
4) 1.030 - ANSWER -Answer:
1) 1.001
Rationale:
The patient with diabetes insipidus would have a low specific gravity, such as 1.001. This
indicates dilute urine that results from poor concentrating ability of the kidneys.
Normal urine specific gravity ranges from 1.010 to 1.025.
A specific gravity of 1.030 indicates concentrated urine or deficient fluid volume (dehydration).
When inserting an indwelling urinary catheter in a male patient, the nurse cleanses the penis
with an antiseptic wash. Which step should she take next?
1) Gently insert the tip of the prefilled syringe into the urethra to instill the lubricant.
2) Ask the patient to bear down as though trying to void.
3) Slowly insert the end of the catheter into the urinary meatus.
4) Insert the catheter about 7 to 9 inches (17 to 22.5 cm) or until urine flows. -
ANSWER -Answer:
1) Gently insert the tip of the prefilled syringe into the urethra to instill the lubricant.
Rationale:
, The steps of the procedure for inserting an indwelling urinary catheter are as follows: The
nurse should gently insert the tip of the prefilled syringe into the urethra and instill the
lubricant. Then the nurse should ask the patient to bear down as though trying to void, as she
slowly inserts the end of the catheter into the meatus. She should continue to insert the
catheter about 7 to 9 inches (17 to 22.5 cm) or until urine flows. When urine appears, she
should advance the catheter 1 to 2 inches (2.5 to 5 cm) more. She should hold the catheter
securely with her dominant hand while the urine flows. After urine flows, she should stabilize
the catheter's position in the urethra and use the other hand to pick up the saline-filled syringe
and inflate the catheter balloon.
The nurse is obtaining the history of a newly admitted patient. Which element in the history
places the patient at risk for urinary tract infection?
1) Hypertension
2) Hypothyroidism
3) Diabetes mellitus
4) Hormonal contraceptive use - ANSWER -Answer:
3) Diabetes mellitus
Rationale:
Diabetes mellitus places the patient at risk for urinary tract infection because glucose in the
urine provides a medium favorable for bacterial growth.
Hypertension, hypothyroidism, and hormonal contraceptive use are not directly related to an
increased risk for urinary tract infection.
Which blood level is commonly tested to help assess kidney function?
1) Hemoglobin
2) Potassium
3) Sodium
4) Creatinine - ANSWER -Answer:
4) Creatinine
Rationale:
Questions And Well Verified Answers
Actual Exam!!! 2026
A patient who underwent surgery for removal of a pituitary tumor develops a condition in
which the kidneys are unable to conserve water and the quantity of urine voided increases.
Which urine specific gravity would the nurse expect to find in the patient with this disorder?
1) 1.001
2) 1.010
3) 1.025
4) 1.030 - ANSWER -Answer:
1) 1.001
Rationale:
The patient with diabetes insipidus would have a low specific gravity, such as 1.001. This
indicates dilute urine that results from poor concentrating ability of the kidneys.
Normal urine specific gravity ranges from 1.010 to 1.025.
A specific gravity of 1.030 indicates concentrated urine or deficient fluid volume (dehydration).
When inserting an indwelling urinary catheter in a male patient, the nurse cleanses the penis
with an antiseptic wash. Which step should she take next?
1) Gently insert the tip of the prefilled syringe into the urethra to instill the lubricant.
2) Ask the patient to bear down as though trying to void.
3) Slowly insert the end of the catheter into the urinary meatus.
4) Insert the catheter about 7 to 9 inches (17 to 22.5 cm) or until urine flows. -
ANSWER -Answer:
1) Gently insert the tip of the prefilled syringe into the urethra to instill the lubricant.
Rationale:
, The steps of the procedure for inserting an indwelling urinary catheter are as follows: The
nurse should gently insert the tip of the prefilled syringe into the urethra and instill the
lubricant. Then the nurse should ask the patient to bear down as though trying to void, as she
slowly inserts the end of the catheter into the meatus. She should continue to insert the
catheter about 7 to 9 inches (17 to 22.5 cm) or until urine flows. When urine appears, she
should advance the catheter 1 to 2 inches (2.5 to 5 cm) more. She should hold the catheter
securely with her dominant hand while the urine flows. After urine flows, she should stabilize
the catheter's position in the urethra and use the other hand to pick up the saline-filled syringe
and inflate the catheter balloon.
The nurse is obtaining the history of a newly admitted patient. Which element in the history
places the patient at risk for urinary tract infection?
1) Hypertension
2) Hypothyroidism
3) Diabetes mellitus
4) Hormonal contraceptive use - ANSWER -Answer:
3) Diabetes mellitus
Rationale:
Diabetes mellitus places the patient at risk for urinary tract infection because glucose in the
urine provides a medium favorable for bacterial growth.
Hypertension, hypothyroidism, and hormonal contraceptive use are not directly related to an
increased risk for urinary tract infection.
Which blood level is commonly tested to help assess kidney function?
1) Hemoglobin
2) Potassium
3) Sodium
4) Creatinine - ANSWER -Answer:
4) Creatinine
Rationale:
