ESS 101 MIDTERM UW Questions with Correct Solutions
Question:
1. What mineral group is a major economic source of lead?
Answer:
sulfide
Question:
2. The _____ mineral group is a major economic source lime for cement.
Answer:
carbonate
Question:
3. Meteorites that strike the earth are predominantly composed of _____?
Answer:
iron-nickel and silicate minerals
Question:
4. Why are P-waves completely absorbed as they enter the outer core?
Answer:
none of the above answers are correct as P-waves are not completely absorbed in the outer
core
Question:
5. During differentiation of the earth, heat was generated from _____.
Answer:
1) kinetic energy of impacting planetesimals
2) compressional heating during condensation of planetesimals
3) radioactive heating
Question:
6. Why does the Yellowstone hotspot volcanism produce more explosive volcanic eruptions
than the Hawaiian hotspot volcanism?
Answer:
upwelling basaltic magma partially melts the overlying continental crust producing viscous
rhyolitic lava
, Question:
7. Which of the following bond strength rankings are in the correct order from weakest to
strongest?
Answer:
Van der Waal, ionic, covalent
Question:
8. How can we best explain the fact that the inner and outer cores are both composed of
metallic iron (Fe) and nickel (Ni) yet the outer core is liquid and the inner core solid?
Answer:
the melting temperature for Fe-Ni is lower than the geothermal gradient temperature in the
outer core
Question:
9. What type of seismic wave shadow zone is shown on the image above?
Answer:
S-wave
Question:
10. How can one best explain the seismic wave properties shown in the above diagram?
Answer:
1) refraction of seismic wave due to density changes
2) absorption of seismic waves due to phase change from solid to liquid
Question:
11. Which of the following answers is not a characteristic of a metal?
Answer:
all metals are anions (negatively charged ions)
Question:
12. Which volcanic gas was not added to the earth's atmosphere during early differentiation
of the planet?
Answer:
O2
Question:
13. The lava composition of Mt. St. Helens is _____ and it tends to be more _____ than lavas
erupted from Mt. Rainier.
Question:
1. What mineral group is a major economic source of lead?
Answer:
sulfide
Question:
2. The _____ mineral group is a major economic source lime for cement.
Answer:
carbonate
Question:
3. Meteorites that strike the earth are predominantly composed of _____?
Answer:
iron-nickel and silicate minerals
Question:
4. Why are P-waves completely absorbed as they enter the outer core?
Answer:
none of the above answers are correct as P-waves are not completely absorbed in the outer
core
Question:
5. During differentiation of the earth, heat was generated from _____.
Answer:
1) kinetic energy of impacting planetesimals
2) compressional heating during condensation of planetesimals
3) radioactive heating
Question:
6. Why does the Yellowstone hotspot volcanism produce more explosive volcanic eruptions
than the Hawaiian hotspot volcanism?
Answer:
upwelling basaltic magma partially melts the overlying continental crust producing viscous
rhyolitic lava
, Question:
7. Which of the following bond strength rankings are in the correct order from weakest to
strongest?
Answer:
Van der Waal, ionic, covalent
Question:
8. How can we best explain the fact that the inner and outer cores are both composed of
metallic iron (Fe) and nickel (Ni) yet the outer core is liquid and the inner core solid?
Answer:
the melting temperature for Fe-Ni is lower than the geothermal gradient temperature in the
outer core
Question:
9. What type of seismic wave shadow zone is shown on the image above?
Answer:
S-wave
Question:
10. How can one best explain the seismic wave properties shown in the above diagram?
Answer:
1) refraction of seismic wave due to density changes
2) absorption of seismic waves due to phase change from solid to liquid
Question:
11. Which of the following answers is not a characteristic of a metal?
Answer:
all metals are anions (negatively charged ions)
Question:
12. Which volcanic gas was not added to the earth's atmosphere during early differentiation
of the planet?
Answer:
O2
Question:
13. The lava composition of Mt. St. Helens is _____ and it tends to be more _____ than lavas
erupted from Mt. Rainier.
