MMBIO 121 STUDY GUIDE ANSWERS AND
QUESTIONS SET A+
Coined the term "domain;" Bacteria, Archea, Eukarya - ✔✔Woese
✔✔Developed a light microscope; published Micrographia - ✔✔Hooke
✔✔A set of postulates for studying infectious disease; use of agar - ✔✔Koch
✔✔binomial system of classification - ✔✔Linnaeus
✔✔Diseases have natural causes (acquired from other patients or from the
environment) - ✔✔Hippocrates
✔✔Separated Kingdom Fungi from plants, animals and protists - ✔✔Whittaker
✔✔Distinguished between prokaryotes and eukaryotes - ✔✔Chatton
✔✔Noted that survivors of the plague did not get re-infected; observed immunity -
✔✔Thucydides
✔✔Things that we cannot see can cause disease - ✔✔Varro
✔✔Developed the first compound light microscope - ✔✔Van Leeuwenhoek
✔✔Separated Kingdom Protista from plants and animals - ✔✔Haeckel
✔✔Compare and contrast determinative and systematic bacteriology -
✔✔Determinative: Strictly phenotypic (morphology, differential staining, biochemical test
results, and cell wall type).
Systematic: Phylogenetic and genotypic, relying heavily on 16S rRNA gene sequencing,
DNA GC content, and whole-genome evolutionary lines.
, ✔✔List the four most common taxa found on the human body - ✔✔Firmicutes/Bacilllota,
Actinobacteria/Actinobacteriota,
Proteobacteria/Pseudomanadota,
Bacteroidetes/Bacteroidota,
Cyanobacteriota
✔✔Coccus - ✔✔A spherical bacterium.
✔✔Diplococcus - ✔✔pair of cocci
✔✔Streptococcus - ✔✔chain of cocci
✔✔staphlococcus - ✔✔cluster of cocci
✔✔Tetrad - ✔✔group of 4 bacteria
✔✔sarcina - ✔✔cubical packets of bacteria
✔✔Bacillus - ✔✔Rod shaped bacteria
✔✔streptobacillus - ✔✔chain of rods
✔✔coccobacillus - ✔✔short round rod
✔✔Vibrio - ✔✔comma shaped bacteria
✔✔Spirillum - ✔✔spiral shaped bacteria
✔✔Spirochete - ✔✔corkscrew bacteria
✔✔Reflection - ✔✔Photons in a wave front bounce off the surface of an object
✔✔ocular lens - ✔✔A lens used to focus an image magnified by objectives on the retina
✔✔numerical aperture - ✔✔A measure of the ability of a lens or lense system to gather
light and resolve fine specimen detail at a fixed object distance
✔✔compound light microscope - ✔✔a microscope that has two lens systems to create a
magnified image
✔✔Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) - ✔✔A microscopy technique in which a
beam of electrons is transmitted through a specimen to form an image
QUESTIONS SET A+
Coined the term "domain;" Bacteria, Archea, Eukarya - ✔✔Woese
✔✔Developed a light microscope; published Micrographia - ✔✔Hooke
✔✔A set of postulates for studying infectious disease; use of agar - ✔✔Koch
✔✔binomial system of classification - ✔✔Linnaeus
✔✔Diseases have natural causes (acquired from other patients or from the
environment) - ✔✔Hippocrates
✔✔Separated Kingdom Fungi from plants, animals and protists - ✔✔Whittaker
✔✔Distinguished between prokaryotes and eukaryotes - ✔✔Chatton
✔✔Noted that survivors of the plague did not get re-infected; observed immunity -
✔✔Thucydides
✔✔Things that we cannot see can cause disease - ✔✔Varro
✔✔Developed the first compound light microscope - ✔✔Van Leeuwenhoek
✔✔Separated Kingdom Protista from plants and animals - ✔✔Haeckel
✔✔Compare and contrast determinative and systematic bacteriology -
✔✔Determinative: Strictly phenotypic (morphology, differential staining, biochemical test
results, and cell wall type).
Systematic: Phylogenetic and genotypic, relying heavily on 16S rRNA gene sequencing,
DNA GC content, and whole-genome evolutionary lines.
, ✔✔List the four most common taxa found on the human body - ✔✔Firmicutes/Bacilllota,
Actinobacteria/Actinobacteriota,
Proteobacteria/Pseudomanadota,
Bacteroidetes/Bacteroidota,
Cyanobacteriota
✔✔Coccus - ✔✔A spherical bacterium.
✔✔Diplococcus - ✔✔pair of cocci
✔✔Streptococcus - ✔✔chain of cocci
✔✔staphlococcus - ✔✔cluster of cocci
✔✔Tetrad - ✔✔group of 4 bacteria
✔✔sarcina - ✔✔cubical packets of bacteria
✔✔Bacillus - ✔✔Rod shaped bacteria
✔✔streptobacillus - ✔✔chain of rods
✔✔coccobacillus - ✔✔short round rod
✔✔Vibrio - ✔✔comma shaped bacteria
✔✔Spirillum - ✔✔spiral shaped bacteria
✔✔Spirochete - ✔✔corkscrew bacteria
✔✔Reflection - ✔✔Photons in a wave front bounce off the surface of an object
✔✔ocular lens - ✔✔A lens used to focus an image magnified by objectives on the retina
✔✔numerical aperture - ✔✔A measure of the ability of a lens or lense system to gather
light and resolve fine specimen detail at a fixed object distance
✔✔compound light microscope - ✔✔a microscope that has two lens systems to create a
magnified image
✔✔Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) - ✔✔A microscopy technique in which a
beam of electrons is transmitted through a specimen to form an image
