mission__BIO_182__General_Biology_II__2024_Fall_C_.pdf10/16/2026,
^&^*#!(FG*T!^&*#*((*!#&()#_)#!*&$!*#)(!*##(*0Population_Biology_Act_I_Assignment_Submission__BIO_182__General_Biology_II__2024_Fall_C_.pdf.pdf*&!#$$$$
Page 1 of 3710/16/2026, 5:42:03 AM*&!#%#&&!%%#^#^&^!#&*^&^*#!(FG*T!^&*#*((*!#&()#_)#!*&$!*#)(!*Population_Biology_Act_I_Assignment_Submission__BIO_1
5:42:03 AM*&!#%#&&!%%#^#^&^!#&*^&^*#!(FG*T!^&*#*((*!#&()#_)#!*&$!*#)(!*##(*0Population_Biolo
2/7/25, 10:41 AM Population Biology Act I Assignment Submission: BIO 182: General Biology II (2024 Fall C)
Population Biology Act I Assignment Submission
Due Oct 13, 2024 at 11:59pm
Points 30
Questions 26
Available Oct 6, 2024 at 12am - Oct 13, 2024 at 11:59pm
Time Limit None
Instructions
Welcome
Welcome to your Population Biology Act I Assignment, where you will apply the knowledge and skills you
acquired in the Intergalactic Wildlife Sanctuary and your lab to 1) determine whether the population of
griffs continue to decline, 2) if so, also determine how many years the population will persist at the mean
per capita rate of change, and 3) whether the microorganisms are necessary for female griffs to produce
octaphorin.
NOTE: You can return to this page at any time while completing your assignment.
Additional required resources
Some of the questions in this assignment require you to refer to data sets, diagrams, or other
information. Download the following files to complete this assignment:
Data: Female Griff Population Size (https://canvas.asu.edu/courses/188511/files/87034232?wrap=1)
(https://canvas.asu.edu/courses/188511/files/87034232/download?download_frd=1)
Data: Calculating Population Size (https://canvas.asu.edu/courses/188511/files/87034168?wrap=1)
(https://canvas.asu.edu/courses/188511/files/87034168/download?download_frd=1)
How to begin
Click the "Take the Quiz" button to begin. After answering all of the questions, please click "Submit" at
the bottom of the page to submit your answers.
Additional information
Attempts: You have only one attempt, so be sure you are satisfied with your work before submitting
your responses.
Time: There is no time limit for this assignment.
https://canvas.asu.edu/courses/188511/quizzes/1430330?module_item_id=13632555 1/37
mission__BIO_182__General_Biology_II__2024_Fall_C_.pdf10/16/2026,
pulation_Biology_Act_I_Assignment_Submission__BIO_182__General_Biology_II__2024_Fall_C_.pdf.pdf*&!#%#&&!%%#^#^&^!#&*^&^*#!(FG*T!^&*#*((*!#&()#_)#!
Page 1 of 3710/16/2026, 5:42:03 AM*&!#%#&&!%%#^#^&^!#&*^&^*#!(FG*T!^&*#*((*!#&()#_)#!*&$!*#)(!*Population_Biology_Act_I_Assignment_Submission__BIO_1
5:42:03 AM*&!#%#&&!%%#^#^&^!#&*^&^*#!(FG*T!^&*#*((*!#&()#_)#!*&$!*#)(!*##(*0Population_Biolo
,mission__BIO_182__General_Biology_II__2024_Fall_C_.pdf10/16/2026,
^&^*#!(FG*T!^&*#*((*!#&()#_)#!*&$!*#)(!*##(*0Population_Biology_Act_I_Assignment_Submission__BIO_182__General_Biology_II__2024_Fall_C_.pdf.pdf*&!#$$$$
Page 2 of 3710/16/2026, 5:42:03 AM*&!#%#&&!%%#^#^&^!#&*^&^*#!(FG*T!^&*#*((*!#&()#_)#!*&$!*#)(!*Population_Biology_Act_I_Assignment_Submission__BIO_1
5:42:03 AM*&!#%#&&!%%#^#^&^!#&*^&^*#!(FG*T!^&*#*((*!#&()#_)#!*&$!*#)(!*##(*0Population_Biolo
2/7/25, 10:41 AM Population Biology Act I Assignment Submission: BIO 182: General Biology II (2024 Fall C)
Partners: You may work with your peers to complete this assignment; however, you must submit this
assignment individually to receive credit. Even though you are allowed to work with your peers, your
answers must be in your own words. (This means you are NOT permitted to copy and paste
answers with other students.)
How you'll be graded
This assignment is graded based on correct responses.
Due date
Please see Canvas for the due date. Remember, late assignments will not be accepted, so it is
advisable to NOT wait until the last minute to begin your assignment.
This quiz was locked Oct 13, 2024 at 11:59pm.
Attempt History
Attempt Time Score
LATEST Attempt 1 74 minutes 29 out of 30
Score for this quiz: 29 out of 30
Submitted Oct 10, 2024 at 8:48am
This attempt took 74 minutes.
Appendix 1
Will the population of griffs continue to decline?
All species in the sanctuary are critically endangered, but the dwindling number of griffs has created an
alarming concern for this particular species. Because the population seems headed toward extinction,
we need to know how much time remains to reverse this course. We can use a model to predict how
quickly the population will decline in the future.
To design a model that predicts the growth of a population, we need to specify the relevant time interval.
This interval should make sense for the species. For bacteria, the interval could be an hour. For other
organisms, a much longer interval makes sense. We will use an interval of a year to model the change in
the population of griffs. Tracking annual changes in the size of a population works well for species that
breed at a certain time of year. For griffs, however, we are tracking the change in the population over
Cadmian years, not Earth years.
In our model, we will represent relevant points in time with the following symbols:
https://canvas.asu.edu/courses/188511/quizzes/1430330?module_item_id=13632555 2/37
mission__BIO_182__General_Biology_II__2024_Fall_C_.pdf10/16/2026,
pulation_Biology_Act_I_Assignment_Submission__BIO_182__General_Biology_II__2024_Fall_C_.pdf.pdf*&!#%#&&!%%#^#^&^!#&*^&^*#!(FG*T!^&*#*((*!#&()#_)#!
Page 2 of 3710/16/2026, 5:42:03 AM*&!#%#&&!%%#^#^&^!#&*^&^*#!(FG*T!^&*#*((*!#&()#_)#!*&$!*#)(!*Population_Biology_Act_I_Assignment_Submission__BIO_1
5:42:03 AM*&!#%#&&!%%#^#^&^!#&*^&^*#!(FG*T!^&*#*((*!#&()#_)#!*&$!*#)(!*##(*0Population_Biolo
,mission__BIO_182__General_Biology_II__2024_Fall_C_.pdf10/16/2026,
^&^*#!(FG*T!^&*#*((*!#&()#_)#!*&$!*#)(!*##(*0Population_Biology_Act_I_Assignment_Submission__BIO_182__General_Biology_II__2024_Fall_C_.pdf.pdf*&!#$$$$
Page 3 of 3710/16/2026, 5:42:03 AM*&!#%#&&!%%#^#^&^!#&*^&^*#!(FG*T!^&*#*((*!#&()#_)#!*&$!*#)(!*Population_Biology_Act_I_Assignment_Submission__BIO_1
5:42:03 AM*&!#%#&&!%%#^#^&^!#&*^&^*#!(FG*T!^&*#*((*!#&()#_)#!*&$!*#)(!*##(*0Population_Biolo
2/7/25, 10:41 AM Population Biology Act I Assignment Submission: BIO 182: General Biology II (2024 Fall C)
t = the current time
t + 1 = a time that is one interval from the current time (e.g., a year from now, when each interval is
one year.)
The number of griffs depends on time. The symbol Nt will represent the number of griffs present at the
current moment. The symbol Nt+1 will represent the number of griffs we should expect to exist a year
from now.
How much will the population change between now and next year? The answer depends on the number
of individuals added as births (B) and the number of individuals subtracted as deaths (D):
Nt+1 = Nt + B – D,
where B and D are the birth rate and death rate, respectively. Because the units of B and D are
individuals per unit of time, we can add the births and subtract the deaths from the size of the population
at the current time (Nt) to obtain the size of the population at a future time (Nt+1).
To focus on the change in the population size (Nt+1 - Nt), we can rearrange this equation by subtracting
Nt from both sides:
Nt+1 - Nt = Nt + B – D - Nt,
which simplifies to
Nt+1 - Nt = B – D.
Scientists often use the symbol delta (Δ) to represent a change in the value of a variable. Therefore, we
can represent the change in population size as ΔN:
ΔN = B – D.
This model states that the change in the size of a population depends on the birth rate (B) and the death
rate (D). These rates represent the number of griffs that will be born or will die in the next year.
Do you see the problem here? If we knew the number of births and deaths that will occur in the next
year, we would already know how the population will change. How can we anticipate the number of
births and deaths in the future?
A common approach is to estimate rates of birth and death in the past. For example, if the mean number
of offspring produced by a female griff equals 2 per year, we could assume a birth rate (b) equal to 2
births, per female griff, per year. Likewise, if we knew that each female griff has a 35% chance of dying
per year, we could assume a death rate (d) equal to 0.35 deaths, per female griff, per year. Because
these rates are estimated for a single organism (births or deaths per female griff), they are referred to as
per capita rates, which mean rate per "head" in Latin.
The per capita rates of birth and death take the place of B and D in our model:
https://canvas.asu.edu/courses/188511/quizzes/1430330?module_item_id=13632555 3/37
mission__BIO_182__General_Biology_II__2024_Fall_C_.pdf10/16/2026,
pulation_Biology_Act_I_Assignment_Submission__BIO_182__General_Biology_II__2024_Fall_C_.pdf.pdf*&!#%#&&!%%#^#^&^!#&*^&^*#!(FG*T!^&*#*((*!#&()#_)#!
Page 3 of 3710/16/2026, 5:42:03 AM*&!#%#&&!%%#^#^&^!#&*^&^*#!(FG*T!^&*#*((*!#&()#_)#!*&$!*#)(!*Population_Biology_Act_I_Assignment_Submission__BIO_1
5:42:03 AM*&!#%#&&!%%#^#^&^!#&*^&^*#!(FG*T!^&*#*((*!#&()#_)#!*&$!*#)(!*##(*0Population_Biolo
,mission__BIO_182__General_Biology_II__2024_Fall_C_.pdf10/16/2026,
^&^*#!(FG*T!^&*#*((*!#&()#_)#!*&$!*#)(!*##(*0Population_Biology_Act_I_Assignment_Submission__BIO_182__General_Biology_II__2024_Fall_C_.pdf.pdf*&!#$$$$
Page 4 of 3710/16/2026, 5:42:03 AM*&!#%#&&!%%#^#^&^!#&*^&^*#!(FG*T!^&*#*((*!#&()#_)#!*&$!*#)(!*Population_Biology_Act_I_Assignment_Submission__BIO_1
5:42:03 AM*&!#%#&&!%%#^#^&^!#&*^&^*#!(FG*T!^&*#*((*!#&()#_)#!*&$!*#)(!*##(*0Population_Biolo
2/7/25, 10:41 AM Population Biology Act I Assignment Submission: BIO 182: General Biology II (2024 Fall C)
ΔN = B – D,
becomes
ΔN = bNt – dNt.
where bNt equals the number of births per year (B), and dNt equals the number of deaths per year (D).
To apply this model, we need only the mean per capita rates of birth and death and the current size of
the population (Nt).
You might have noticed that the model can be simplified by factoring out N as follows:
ΔN = bNt – dNt,
which simplifies to
ΔN = (b - d)Nt.
This simplified version of the model underscores the impact of the birth rate and death rate on the
growth of a population: the population changes according to the difference between the birth rate (b) and
the death rate (d).
Three patterns are possible:
1. The population grows whenever the birth rate exceeds the death rate (b > d).
2. The population shrinks whenever the death rate exceeds the birth rate (d > b).
3. The population remains constant whenever the birth rate equals the death rate (b = d).
To easily predict which pattern will emerge, biologists use a parameter, r, that represents the difference
between the birth rate and the death rate.
r = b – d.
Therefore, you will frequently see this model written as
ΔN = rNt.
In this formulation of the model, the population will grow whenever r > 0, will shrink whenever r < 0, and
will remain stable whenever r = 0.
Biologists on your planet refer to the parameter r as the intrinsic rate of increase, but other species of
scientists prefer to call it a rate of change; after all, the size of a population can decrease as well as
increase.
Complete the following steps to predict whether the population of griffs will continue to decline:
Step 1: Calculate the per capita rates of change in the population during the past 5 years: Use the
number of griffs in the population during the past few years to calculate the per capita rate of change in
the population.
https://canvas.asu.edu/courses/188511/quizzes/1430330?module_item_id=13632555 4/37
mission__BIO_182__General_Biology_II__2024_Fall_C_.pdf10/16/2026,
pulation_Biology_Act_I_Assignment_Submission__BIO_182__General_Biology_II__2024_Fall_C_.pdf.pdf*&!#%#&&!%%#^#^&^!#&*^&^*#!(FG*T!^&*#*((*!#&()#_)#!
Page 4 of 3710/16/2026, 5:42:03 AM*&!#%#&&!%%#^#^&^!#&*^&^*#!(FG*T!^&*#*((*!#&()#_)#!*&$!*#)(!*Population_Biology_Act_I_Assignment_Submission__BIO_1
5:42:03 AM*&!#%#&&!%%#^#^&^!#&*^&^*#!(FG*T!^&*#*((*!#&()#_)#!*&$!*#)(!*##(*0Population_Biolo
^&^*#!(FG*T!^&*#*((*!#&()#_)#!*&$!*#)(!*##(*0Population_Biology_Act_I_Assignment_Submission__BIO_182__General_Biology_II__2024_Fall_C_.pdf.pdf*&!#$$$$
Page 1 of 3710/16/2026, 5:42:03 AM*&!#%#&&!%%#^#^&^!#&*^&^*#!(FG*T!^&*#*((*!#&()#_)#!*&$!*#)(!*Population_Biology_Act_I_Assignment_Submission__BIO_1
5:42:03 AM*&!#%#&&!%%#^#^&^!#&*^&^*#!(FG*T!^&*#*((*!#&()#_)#!*&$!*#)(!*##(*0Population_Biolo
2/7/25, 10:41 AM Population Biology Act I Assignment Submission: BIO 182: General Biology II (2024 Fall C)
Population Biology Act I Assignment Submission
Due Oct 13, 2024 at 11:59pm
Points 30
Questions 26
Available Oct 6, 2024 at 12am - Oct 13, 2024 at 11:59pm
Time Limit None
Instructions
Welcome
Welcome to your Population Biology Act I Assignment, where you will apply the knowledge and skills you
acquired in the Intergalactic Wildlife Sanctuary and your lab to 1) determine whether the population of
griffs continue to decline, 2) if so, also determine how many years the population will persist at the mean
per capita rate of change, and 3) whether the microorganisms are necessary for female griffs to produce
octaphorin.
NOTE: You can return to this page at any time while completing your assignment.
Additional required resources
Some of the questions in this assignment require you to refer to data sets, diagrams, or other
information. Download the following files to complete this assignment:
Data: Female Griff Population Size (https://canvas.asu.edu/courses/188511/files/87034232?wrap=1)
(https://canvas.asu.edu/courses/188511/files/87034232/download?download_frd=1)
Data: Calculating Population Size (https://canvas.asu.edu/courses/188511/files/87034168?wrap=1)
(https://canvas.asu.edu/courses/188511/files/87034168/download?download_frd=1)
How to begin
Click the "Take the Quiz" button to begin. After answering all of the questions, please click "Submit" at
the bottom of the page to submit your answers.
Additional information
Attempts: You have only one attempt, so be sure you are satisfied with your work before submitting
your responses.
Time: There is no time limit for this assignment.
https://canvas.asu.edu/courses/188511/quizzes/1430330?module_item_id=13632555 1/37
mission__BIO_182__General_Biology_II__2024_Fall_C_.pdf10/16/2026,
pulation_Biology_Act_I_Assignment_Submission__BIO_182__General_Biology_II__2024_Fall_C_.pdf.pdf*&!#%#&&!%%#^#^&^!#&*^&^*#!(FG*T!^&*#*((*!#&()#_)#!
Page 1 of 3710/16/2026, 5:42:03 AM*&!#%#&&!%%#^#^&^!#&*^&^*#!(FG*T!^&*#*((*!#&()#_)#!*&$!*#)(!*Population_Biology_Act_I_Assignment_Submission__BIO_1
5:42:03 AM*&!#%#&&!%%#^#^&^!#&*^&^*#!(FG*T!^&*#*((*!#&()#_)#!*&$!*#)(!*##(*0Population_Biolo
,mission__BIO_182__General_Biology_II__2024_Fall_C_.pdf10/16/2026,
^&^*#!(FG*T!^&*#*((*!#&()#_)#!*&$!*#)(!*##(*0Population_Biology_Act_I_Assignment_Submission__BIO_182__General_Biology_II__2024_Fall_C_.pdf.pdf*&!#$$$$
Page 2 of 3710/16/2026, 5:42:03 AM*&!#%#&&!%%#^#^&^!#&*^&^*#!(FG*T!^&*#*((*!#&()#_)#!*&$!*#)(!*Population_Biology_Act_I_Assignment_Submission__BIO_1
5:42:03 AM*&!#%#&&!%%#^#^&^!#&*^&^*#!(FG*T!^&*#*((*!#&()#_)#!*&$!*#)(!*##(*0Population_Biolo
2/7/25, 10:41 AM Population Biology Act I Assignment Submission: BIO 182: General Biology II (2024 Fall C)
Partners: You may work with your peers to complete this assignment; however, you must submit this
assignment individually to receive credit. Even though you are allowed to work with your peers, your
answers must be in your own words. (This means you are NOT permitted to copy and paste
answers with other students.)
How you'll be graded
This assignment is graded based on correct responses.
Due date
Please see Canvas for the due date. Remember, late assignments will not be accepted, so it is
advisable to NOT wait until the last minute to begin your assignment.
This quiz was locked Oct 13, 2024 at 11:59pm.
Attempt History
Attempt Time Score
LATEST Attempt 1 74 minutes 29 out of 30
Score for this quiz: 29 out of 30
Submitted Oct 10, 2024 at 8:48am
This attempt took 74 minutes.
Appendix 1
Will the population of griffs continue to decline?
All species in the sanctuary are critically endangered, but the dwindling number of griffs has created an
alarming concern for this particular species. Because the population seems headed toward extinction,
we need to know how much time remains to reverse this course. We can use a model to predict how
quickly the population will decline in the future.
To design a model that predicts the growth of a population, we need to specify the relevant time interval.
This interval should make sense for the species. For bacteria, the interval could be an hour. For other
organisms, a much longer interval makes sense. We will use an interval of a year to model the change in
the population of griffs. Tracking annual changes in the size of a population works well for species that
breed at a certain time of year. For griffs, however, we are tracking the change in the population over
Cadmian years, not Earth years.
In our model, we will represent relevant points in time with the following symbols:
https://canvas.asu.edu/courses/188511/quizzes/1430330?module_item_id=13632555 2/37
mission__BIO_182__General_Biology_II__2024_Fall_C_.pdf10/16/2026,
pulation_Biology_Act_I_Assignment_Submission__BIO_182__General_Biology_II__2024_Fall_C_.pdf.pdf*&!#%#&&!%%#^#^&^!#&*^&^*#!(FG*T!^&*#*((*!#&()#_)#!
Page 2 of 3710/16/2026, 5:42:03 AM*&!#%#&&!%%#^#^&^!#&*^&^*#!(FG*T!^&*#*((*!#&()#_)#!*&$!*#)(!*Population_Biology_Act_I_Assignment_Submission__BIO_1
5:42:03 AM*&!#%#&&!%%#^#^&^!#&*^&^*#!(FG*T!^&*#*((*!#&()#_)#!*&$!*#)(!*##(*0Population_Biolo
,mission__BIO_182__General_Biology_II__2024_Fall_C_.pdf10/16/2026,
^&^*#!(FG*T!^&*#*((*!#&()#_)#!*&$!*#)(!*##(*0Population_Biology_Act_I_Assignment_Submission__BIO_182__General_Biology_II__2024_Fall_C_.pdf.pdf*&!#$$$$
Page 3 of 3710/16/2026, 5:42:03 AM*&!#%#&&!%%#^#^&^!#&*^&^*#!(FG*T!^&*#*((*!#&()#_)#!*&$!*#)(!*Population_Biology_Act_I_Assignment_Submission__BIO_1
5:42:03 AM*&!#%#&&!%%#^#^&^!#&*^&^*#!(FG*T!^&*#*((*!#&()#_)#!*&$!*#)(!*##(*0Population_Biolo
2/7/25, 10:41 AM Population Biology Act I Assignment Submission: BIO 182: General Biology II (2024 Fall C)
t = the current time
t + 1 = a time that is one interval from the current time (e.g., a year from now, when each interval is
one year.)
The number of griffs depends on time. The symbol Nt will represent the number of griffs present at the
current moment. The symbol Nt+1 will represent the number of griffs we should expect to exist a year
from now.
How much will the population change between now and next year? The answer depends on the number
of individuals added as births (B) and the number of individuals subtracted as deaths (D):
Nt+1 = Nt + B – D,
where B and D are the birth rate and death rate, respectively. Because the units of B and D are
individuals per unit of time, we can add the births and subtract the deaths from the size of the population
at the current time (Nt) to obtain the size of the population at a future time (Nt+1).
To focus on the change in the population size (Nt+1 - Nt), we can rearrange this equation by subtracting
Nt from both sides:
Nt+1 - Nt = Nt + B – D - Nt,
which simplifies to
Nt+1 - Nt = B – D.
Scientists often use the symbol delta (Δ) to represent a change in the value of a variable. Therefore, we
can represent the change in population size as ΔN:
ΔN = B – D.
This model states that the change in the size of a population depends on the birth rate (B) and the death
rate (D). These rates represent the number of griffs that will be born or will die in the next year.
Do you see the problem here? If we knew the number of births and deaths that will occur in the next
year, we would already know how the population will change. How can we anticipate the number of
births and deaths in the future?
A common approach is to estimate rates of birth and death in the past. For example, if the mean number
of offspring produced by a female griff equals 2 per year, we could assume a birth rate (b) equal to 2
births, per female griff, per year. Likewise, if we knew that each female griff has a 35% chance of dying
per year, we could assume a death rate (d) equal to 0.35 deaths, per female griff, per year. Because
these rates are estimated for a single organism (births or deaths per female griff), they are referred to as
per capita rates, which mean rate per "head" in Latin.
The per capita rates of birth and death take the place of B and D in our model:
https://canvas.asu.edu/courses/188511/quizzes/1430330?module_item_id=13632555 3/37
mission__BIO_182__General_Biology_II__2024_Fall_C_.pdf10/16/2026,
pulation_Biology_Act_I_Assignment_Submission__BIO_182__General_Biology_II__2024_Fall_C_.pdf.pdf*&!#%#&&!%%#^#^&^!#&*^&^*#!(FG*T!^&*#*((*!#&()#_)#!
Page 3 of 3710/16/2026, 5:42:03 AM*&!#%#&&!%%#^#^&^!#&*^&^*#!(FG*T!^&*#*((*!#&()#_)#!*&$!*#)(!*Population_Biology_Act_I_Assignment_Submission__BIO_1
5:42:03 AM*&!#%#&&!%%#^#^&^!#&*^&^*#!(FG*T!^&*#*((*!#&()#_)#!*&$!*#)(!*##(*0Population_Biolo
,mission__BIO_182__General_Biology_II__2024_Fall_C_.pdf10/16/2026,
^&^*#!(FG*T!^&*#*((*!#&()#_)#!*&$!*#)(!*##(*0Population_Biology_Act_I_Assignment_Submission__BIO_182__General_Biology_II__2024_Fall_C_.pdf.pdf*&!#$$$$
Page 4 of 3710/16/2026, 5:42:03 AM*&!#%#&&!%%#^#^&^!#&*^&^*#!(FG*T!^&*#*((*!#&()#_)#!*&$!*#)(!*Population_Biology_Act_I_Assignment_Submission__BIO_1
5:42:03 AM*&!#%#&&!%%#^#^&^!#&*^&^*#!(FG*T!^&*#*((*!#&()#_)#!*&$!*#)(!*##(*0Population_Biolo
2/7/25, 10:41 AM Population Biology Act I Assignment Submission: BIO 182: General Biology II (2024 Fall C)
ΔN = B – D,
becomes
ΔN = bNt – dNt.
where bNt equals the number of births per year (B), and dNt equals the number of deaths per year (D).
To apply this model, we need only the mean per capita rates of birth and death and the current size of
the population (Nt).
You might have noticed that the model can be simplified by factoring out N as follows:
ΔN = bNt – dNt,
which simplifies to
ΔN = (b - d)Nt.
This simplified version of the model underscores the impact of the birth rate and death rate on the
growth of a population: the population changes according to the difference between the birth rate (b) and
the death rate (d).
Three patterns are possible:
1. The population grows whenever the birth rate exceeds the death rate (b > d).
2. The population shrinks whenever the death rate exceeds the birth rate (d > b).
3. The population remains constant whenever the birth rate equals the death rate (b = d).
To easily predict which pattern will emerge, biologists use a parameter, r, that represents the difference
between the birth rate and the death rate.
r = b – d.
Therefore, you will frequently see this model written as
ΔN = rNt.
In this formulation of the model, the population will grow whenever r > 0, will shrink whenever r < 0, and
will remain stable whenever r = 0.
Biologists on your planet refer to the parameter r as the intrinsic rate of increase, but other species of
scientists prefer to call it a rate of change; after all, the size of a population can decrease as well as
increase.
Complete the following steps to predict whether the population of griffs will continue to decline:
Step 1: Calculate the per capita rates of change in the population during the past 5 years: Use the
number of griffs in the population during the past few years to calculate the per capita rate of change in
the population.
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