, TABLE OF CONTENT h/ h/
Chapter 1. Introduction to Radiation Protection
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/
Chapter 2. Radiation: Types, Sources, and Doses Received
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ /h
Chapter 3. Interaction of X-Radiation with Matter
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/
Chapter 4. Radiation Quantities and Units
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ /h
Chapter 5. Radiation Monitoring
h/ h/ h/
Chapter 6. Overview of Cell Biology
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/
Chapter 7. Molecular and Cellular Radiation Biology
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/
Chapter 8. Early Tissue Reactions and Their Effects on Organ Systems Chapte
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/
r 9. Stochastic Effects and Late Tissue Reactions of Radiation in OrganSystem
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ /h
s
Chapter 10. Dose Limits for Exposure to Ionizing Radiation
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ /h
Chapter 11. Equipment Design for Radiation Protection
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/
Chapter 12. Management of Patient Radiation Dose During Diagnostic X-
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/
RayProcedures
/h
Chapter 13. Radiation Safety in Computed Tomography and Mammography
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ /h
Chapter 14. Management of Imaging Personnel Radiation Dose During Diag
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/
nostic X-Ray Procedures
h/ h/
Chapter 15. Radioisotopes and Radiation Protection
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/
Chapter 01: Introduction to Radiation Protection
h / h/ h / h/ h /
Sherer: Radiation Protection in Medical Radiography, 10th Edition
h / h/ h/ h/ h / h / h /
MULTIPLE CHOICE h/
1. Consequences of ionization in human cells include h/ h/ h / h/ h / h /
1. creation of unstable atoms. h/ h/ h/
2. production of free electrons. h / h/ h/
3. creation of highly reactive free molecules (called free radicals) capable of producingsubs
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ /
h
tances poisonous to the cell.
h / h / h/ h/
4. creation of new biologic molecules detrimental to the living cell.
h/ h/ h/ h / h / h/ h/ h/ h/
5. injury to the cell that may manifest itself as abnormal function or loss of function.
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h / h / h/ h / h / h/ h/ h/
6. production of low-energy x-ray photons. h/ h/ h/ h/
a. 1, 2, 3, and 4 only
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/
b. 2, 3, 4, and 5 only
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/
c. 3, 4, 5, and 6 only
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/
d. All the options h/ h/
ANS: D h/
,2. Which of the following is a form of radiation that is capable of creating electrically chargedp
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ /
h
articles by removing orbital electrons from the atom of normal matter through which it passes?
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/
a. Ionizing radiation h/
b. Nonionizing radiation h/
c. Subatomic radiation h/
d. Ultrasonic radiation h/
ANS: A h/
3. Regarding exposure to ionizing radiation, patients who are educated to understand the medic
h/ h/ h/ h / h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h / h/
albenefit of an imaging procedure are more likely to
/
h h / h/ h/ h / h/ h/ h/ h /
a. assume a small chance of biologic damage but not suppress any radiation phobiathe
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ /
h
y may have. h/ h/
b. cancel their scheduled procedure because they are not willing to assume a sma
h/ h / h/ h/ h / h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h / h/
llchance of biologic damage.
/
h h/ h/ h/
c. suppress any radiation phobia but not risk a small chance of possible biologi
h/ h/ h/ h / h/ h/ h/ h/ h / h/ h/ h/h/
cdamage. /
h
d. suppress any radiation phobia and be willing to assume a small chance of possibl
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h / h/ h/ h / h/
ebiologic damage.
h/ h/
ANS: D h/
4. The millisievert (mSv) is equal to
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/
a. 1/10 of a sievert. h/ h/ h/
b. 1/100 of a sievert. h/ h/ h/
c. 1/1000 of a sievert. h/ h/ h/
d. 1/10,000 of a sievert. h/ h/ h/
ANS: C h/
5. The advantages of the BERT method are
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/
1. BERT does not imply radiation risk; it is simply a means for comparison.
h/ h/ h/ h/ h / h/ h/ h/ h / h/ h / h/
2. BERT emphasizes that radiation is an innate part of the environment.
h/ h / h/ h / h/ h/ h / h/ h/ h/
3. BERT provides an answer that is easy for the patient to comprehend.
h / h / h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h / h/
a. 1 and 2 only h/ h/ h/
b. 1 and 3 only h/ h/ h/
c. 2 and 3 only h/ h/ h/
d. All the options h/ h/
ANS: D h/
6. If a patient asks a radiographer a question about how much radiation he or she will receivefro
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ /
h
m a specific x-ray procedure, the radiographer can
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h /
a. respond by using an estimation based on the comparison of radiation received from
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h / h/ h/ h / /
h
the x-ray to natural background radiation received.
h/ h/ h/ h / h / h /
b. avoid the patient’s question by changing the subject.
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/
c. tell the patient that it is unethical to discuss such concerns.
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/
d. refuse to answer the question and recommend that he or she speak with t
h / h/ h / h/ h / h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/
hereferring physician. h/ h /
ANS: A h/
7. Why should the selection of technical exposure factors for all medical imaging procedu
h/ h / h/ h/ h/ h / h/ h / h/ h/ h / h /
resalways follow ALARA?
/
h h / h/
a. So that referring physicians ordering imaging procedures do not have to acceptr
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ /
h
esponsibility for patient radiation safety. h / h/ h / h /
b. So that radiographers and radiologists do not have to accept responsibility for
h/ h/ h/ h/ h / h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h /
, patient radiation safety. h/ h/
c. Because radiation- h/
induced cancer does not appear to have a fixed threshold, that is,a dose level bel
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h / h / h/ / h/
h h/ h/
ow which a person would have no chance of developing this disease.
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/
d. Because radiation- h/
induced cancer does have a dose level at which individualswould have a c
h/ h/ h/ h/ h / h/ h/ h / h/ h / /
h h / h/ h/
hance of developing this disease. h / h/ h / h /
ANS: C h/
8. The cardinal principles of radiation protection include which of the following?
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h / h/ h/ h/
a. Time
b. Distance
c. Shielding
d. All the options h/ h/
ANS: D h/
9. In a hospital setting, which of the following professionals is expressly charged by the hospit
h/ h/ h / h/ h / h/ h / h/ h/ h/ h / h / h/ h/
aladministration with being directly responsible for the execution, enforcement, and mainten
/
h h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/
ance of the ALARA program?
h/ h/ h/ h/
a. Assistant administrator of the facility h/ h / h/ h/
b. Chief of staff h/ h/
c. Radiation Safety Officer h/ h/
d. Student radiologic technologist h/ h/
ANS: C h/
10. Why is a question concerning the amount of radiation a patient will receive during a specifi
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h / h/ h/ h/ h / h / h / h/ h/
cx-ray procedure difficult to answer?
/
h h/ h/ h/ h/
1. Because the received dose is specified in a number of different units of measure.
h/ h/ h / h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h / h/ h / h / h/
2. Because the scientific units for radiation dose are normally not comprehensible by a patien
h/ h/ h/ h / h/ h / h/ h/ h / h/ h / h/ h/
t.
3. Because the patient should not receive any information about radiation dose.
h/ h/ h/ h / h/ h / h/ h / h/ h /
a. 1 and 2 only h/ h/ h/
b. 1 and 3 only h/ h/ h/
c. 2 and 3 only h/ h/ h/
d. All the options h/ h/
ANS: A h/
11. X-rays are a form of which of the following kinds of radiation?
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h / h/ h/ h / h/ h/
a. Environmental
b. Ionizing
c. Internal
d. Nonionizing
ANS: B h/
12. What unit is used to measure radiation exposure in the metric International System of Units?
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h / h / h/ h/ h/ h / h / h/ h/
a. Coulomb per kilogram h/ h/
b. Milligray
c. Millisievert
d. Sievert
ANS: A h/
13. What organization was founded in 2007 that continues their pursuit to raise awareness of the
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ /
h
need for dose reduction protocols by promoting pediatric-
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/
specified scan protocols to be usedfor both radiology and non-radiology users of CT?
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ /
h h/ h/ h / h/ h / h/ h/
Chapter 1. Introduction to Radiation Protection
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/
Chapter 2. Radiation: Types, Sources, and Doses Received
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ /h
Chapter 3. Interaction of X-Radiation with Matter
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/
Chapter 4. Radiation Quantities and Units
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ /h
Chapter 5. Radiation Monitoring
h/ h/ h/
Chapter 6. Overview of Cell Biology
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/
Chapter 7. Molecular and Cellular Radiation Biology
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/
Chapter 8. Early Tissue Reactions and Their Effects on Organ Systems Chapte
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/
r 9. Stochastic Effects and Late Tissue Reactions of Radiation in OrganSystem
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ /h
s
Chapter 10. Dose Limits for Exposure to Ionizing Radiation
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ /h
Chapter 11. Equipment Design for Radiation Protection
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/
Chapter 12. Management of Patient Radiation Dose During Diagnostic X-
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/
RayProcedures
/h
Chapter 13. Radiation Safety in Computed Tomography and Mammography
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ /h
Chapter 14. Management of Imaging Personnel Radiation Dose During Diag
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/
nostic X-Ray Procedures
h/ h/
Chapter 15. Radioisotopes and Radiation Protection
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/
Chapter 01: Introduction to Radiation Protection
h / h/ h / h/ h /
Sherer: Radiation Protection in Medical Radiography, 10th Edition
h / h/ h/ h/ h / h / h /
MULTIPLE CHOICE h/
1. Consequences of ionization in human cells include h/ h/ h / h/ h / h /
1. creation of unstable atoms. h/ h/ h/
2. production of free electrons. h / h/ h/
3. creation of highly reactive free molecules (called free radicals) capable of producingsubs
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ /
h
tances poisonous to the cell.
h / h / h/ h/
4. creation of new biologic molecules detrimental to the living cell.
h/ h/ h/ h / h / h/ h/ h/ h/
5. injury to the cell that may manifest itself as abnormal function or loss of function.
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h / h / h/ h / h / h/ h/ h/
6. production of low-energy x-ray photons. h/ h/ h/ h/
a. 1, 2, 3, and 4 only
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/
b. 2, 3, 4, and 5 only
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/
c. 3, 4, 5, and 6 only
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/
d. All the options h/ h/
ANS: D h/
,2. Which of the following is a form of radiation that is capable of creating electrically chargedp
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ /
h
articles by removing orbital electrons from the atom of normal matter through which it passes?
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/
a. Ionizing radiation h/
b. Nonionizing radiation h/
c. Subatomic radiation h/
d. Ultrasonic radiation h/
ANS: A h/
3. Regarding exposure to ionizing radiation, patients who are educated to understand the medic
h/ h/ h/ h / h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h / h/
albenefit of an imaging procedure are more likely to
/
h h / h/ h/ h / h/ h/ h/ h /
a. assume a small chance of biologic damage but not suppress any radiation phobiathe
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ /
h
y may have. h/ h/
b. cancel their scheduled procedure because they are not willing to assume a sma
h/ h / h/ h/ h / h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h / h/
llchance of biologic damage.
/
h h/ h/ h/
c. suppress any radiation phobia but not risk a small chance of possible biologi
h/ h/ h/ h / h/ h/ h/ h/ h / h/ h/ h/h/
cdamage. /
h
d. suppress any radiation phobia and be willing to assume a small chance of possibl
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h / h/ h/ h / h/
ebiologic damage.
h/ h/
ANS: D h/
4. The millisievert (mSv) is equal to
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/
a. 1/10 of a sievert. h/ h/ h/
b. 1/100 of a sievert. h/ h/ h/
c. 1/1000 of a sievert. h/ h/ h/
d. 1/10,000 of a sievert. h/ h/ h/
ANS: C h/
5. The advantages of the BERT method are
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/
1. BERT does not imply radiation risk; it is simply a means for comparison.
h/ h/ h/ h/ h / h/ h/ h/ h / h/ h / h/
2. BERT emphasizes that radiation is an innate part of the environment.
h/ h / h/ h / h/ h/ h / h/ h/ h/
3. BERT provides an answer that is easy for the patient to comprehend.
h / h / h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h / h/
a. 1 and 2 only h/ h/ h/
b. 1 and 3 only h/ h/ h/
c. 2 and 3 only h/ h/ h/
d. All the options h/ h/
ANS: D h/
6. If a patient asks a radiographer a question about how much radiation he or she will receivefro
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ /
h
m a specific x-ray procedure, the radiographer can
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h /
a. respond by using an estimation based on the comparison of radiation received from
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h / h/ h/ h / /
h
the x-ray to natural background radiation received.
h/ h/ h/ h / h / h /
b. avoid the patient’s question by changing the subject.
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/
c. tell the patient that it is unethical to discuss such concerns.
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/
d. refuse to answer the question and recommend that he or she speak with t
h / h/ h / h/ h / h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/
hereferring physician. h/ h /
ANS: A h/
7. Why should the selection of technical exposure factors for all medical imaging procedu
h/ h / h/ h/ h/ h / h/ h / h/ h/ h / h /
resalways follow ALARA?
/
h h / h/
a. So that referring physicians ordering imaging procedures do not have to acceptr
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ /
h
esponsibility for patient radiation safety. h / h/ h / h /
b. So that radiographers and radiologists do not have to accept responsibility for
h/ h/ h/ h/ h / h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h /
, patient radiation safety. h/ h/
c. Because radiation- h/
induced cancer does not appear to have a fixed threshold, that is,a dose level bel
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h / h / h/ / h/
h h/ h/
ow which a person would have no chance of developing this disease.
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/
d. Because radiation- h/
induced cancer does have a dose level at which individualswould have a c
h/ h/ h/ h/ h / h/ h/ h / h/ h / /
h h / h/ h/
hance of developing this disease. h / h/ h / h /
ANS: C h/
8. The cardinal principles of radiation protection include which of the following?
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h / h/ h/ h/
a. Time
b. Distance
c. Shielding
d. All the options h/ h/
ANS: D h/
9. In a hospital setting, which of the following professionals is expressly charged by the hospit
h/ h/ h / h/ h / h/ h / h/ h/ h/ h / h / h/ h/
aladministration with being directly responsible for the execution, enforcement, and mainten
/
h h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/
ance of the ALARA program?
h/ h/ h/ h/
a. Assistant administrator of the facility h/ h / h/ h/
b. Chief of staff h/ h/
c. Radiation Safety Officer h/ h/
d. Student radiologic technologist h/ h/
ANS: C h/
10. Why is a question concerning the amount of radiation a patient will receive during a specifi
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h / h/ h/ h/ h / h / h / h/ h/
cx-ray procedure difficult to answer?
/
h h/ h/ h/ h/
1. Because the received dose is specified in a number of different units of measure.
h/ h/ h / h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h / h/ h / h / h/
2. Because the scientific units for radiation dose are normally not comprehensible by a patien
h/ h/ h/ h / h/ h / h/ h/ h / h/ h / h/ h/
t.
3. Because the patient should not receive any information about radiation dose.
h/ h/ h/ h / h/ h / h/ h / h/ h /
a. 1 and 2 only h/ h/ h/
b. 1 and 3 only h/ h/ h/
c. 2 and 3 only h/ h/ h/
d. All the options h/ h/
ANS: A h/
11. X-rays are a form of which of the following kinds of radiation?
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h / h/ h/ h / h/ h/
a. Environmental
b. Ionizing
c. Internal
d. Nonionizing
ANS: B h/
12. What unit is used to measure radiation exposure in the metric International System of Units?
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h / h / h/ h/ h/ h / h / h/ h/
a. Coulomb per kilogram h/ h/
b. Milligray
c. Millisievert
d. Sievert
ANS: A h/
13. What organization was founded in 2007 that continues their pursuit to raise awareness of the
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ /
h
need for dose reduction protocols by promoting pediatric-
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/
specified scan protocols to be usedfor both radiology and non-radiology users of CT?
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ /
h h/ h/ h / h/ h / h/ h/
