Bio 1300 – Human Anatomy & Physiology Ii: Theory | Exam Questions And Correct Answers | 2026/2027

BIO 1300 – HUMAN ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY II:
THEORY | EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS | 2026/2027




BIO 1300: Human Anatomy & Physiology II – Theory



1. Which chamber of the heart receives oxygenated blood from the
pulmonary veins?

A. Right atrium
B. Right ventricle
C. Left atrium
D. Left ventricle

ANSWER : C. Left atrium

Explanation: The pulmonary veins carry oxygen-rich blood from the lungs
into the left atrium, which passes it through the mitral valve to the left
ventricle.

2. Which heart chamber pumps blood into the pulmonary trunk?

A. Left atrium
B. Right ventricle
C. Left ventricle
D. Right atrium

ANSWER : B. Right ventricle

,Explanation: The right ventricle pumps deoxygenated blood through the
pulmonary semilunar valve into the pulmonary trunk for transport to the
lungs.

3. Which valve prevents blood from flowing backward into the left atrium
during ventricular contraction?

A. Tricuspid valve
B. Pulmonary valve
C. Aortic valve
D. Mitral valve

ANSWER : D. Mitral valve

Explanation: The mitral, or bicuspid, valve closes during left ventricular
systole to prevent regurgitation into the left atrium.

4. What is the natural pacemaker of the heart?

A. Atrioventricular node
B. Sinoatrial node
C. Bundle branches
D. Purkinje fibers

ANSWER : B. Sinoatrial node

Explanation: The sinoatrial (SA) node initiates electrical impulses that
normally establish the heart's rhythm.

5. Which blood vessels carry blood away from the heart?

A. Veins
B. Venules
C. Arteries
D. Capillaries

ANSWER : C. Arteries

Explanation: Arteries carry blood away from the heart. Most carry
oxygenated blood, although the pulmonary arteries carry deoxygenated
blood to the lungs.

,6. What is the primary function of the capillaries?

A. Store blood cells
B. Exchange substances between blood and tissues
C. Generate electrical impulses
D. Prevent blood clotting

ANSWER : B. Exchange substances between blood and tissues

Explanation: Thin capillary walls allow gases, nutrients, hormones, and
waste products to move between blood and surrounding tissues.

7. Which component of blood transports most oxygen?

A. Platelets
B. Plasma proteins
C. Red blood cells
D. White blood cells

ANSWER : C. Red blood cells

Explanation: Red blood cells contain hemoglobin, which binds oxygen and
transports it from the lungs to body tissues.

8. Which protein in red blood cells binds oxygen?

A. Albumin
B. Hemoglobin
C. Fibrin
D. Globulin

ANSWER : B. Hemoglobin

Explanation: Hemoglobin contains iron-containing heme groups that
reversibly bind oxygen.

9. Which blood component is primarily responsible for blood clot
formation?

A. Erythrocytes

, B. Platelets
C. Lymphocytes
D. Albumin

ANSWER : B. Platelets

Explanation: Platelets adhere to damaged blood vessels and form a plug.
They also support the coagulation process that produces a fibrin clot.

10. Which blood cells are primarily involved in antibody production?

A. Erythrocytes
B. Platelets
C. B lymphocytes
D. Neutrophils

ANSWER : C. B lymphocytes

Explanation: Activated B lymphocytes can differentiate into plasma cells
that secrete antibodies.

11. What is the liquid portion of blood called?

A. Serum
B. Plasma
C. Lymph
D. Interstitial fluid

ANSWER : B. Plasma

Explanation: Plasma is the liquid component of blood containing water,
electrolytes, nutrients, hormones, proteins, and waste products.

12. Which plasma protein contributes most to maintaining colloid osmotic
pressure?

A. Fibrinogen
B. Albumin
C. Hemoglobin
D. Myosin