Public Speaking The Evolving Art (SPT 1113) - FINAL EXAM
STUDY GUIDE Questions with Correct Answers (Grade A+)
Question 1: Digital Divide
Answer: The gap between populations that have a high level of access to and use of digital communications
technology and populations that have a low level of access and use.
Question 2: Cicero's Five Canons
Answer: 1. Invention - Discovering what you want to say in a speech, such as by choosing a topic and
developing good arguments. 2. Arrangement - The way ideas presented in a speech are organized. 3. Style -
The language or words used in a speech. 4. Memory - Using the ability to recall information to give an
effective speech. 5. Delivery - The presentation of a speech to an audience.
Question 3: Human Communication Process
Answer: 1. Interpersonal communication - occurs when two or more people interact with each other as
unique individuals. You develop personal relationships with friends, family, and coworkers through
interpersonal communication. 2. Small-group communication - 3 or more people interact to accomplish a
task or reach a shared objective. (ex. local theatre groups, committees, and collaborative work groups) 3.
Organizational communication - refers to the flow of information that takes place within and among
organizations for the purpose of accomplishing common goals. (ex - creating products and offering
services) 4. Mass communication - originates with a media organization such as NBC, People magazine,
etc. 5. Public communication - occurs when, for a limited amount of time, an individual speaks or otherwise
sends a message to people outside that individual's know social group (ex - political speech, or a post on a
message board)
Question 4: pervasive communication environment
Answer: the ability to access and share information in multiple forms from multiple locations in ways that
transcend time and space.
Question 5: Four principal spheres of communications activity:
Answer: 1. Mass Media - least interactive - mainly passive reception of TV, radio, film, newspapers, and
magazines for information and entertainment. 2. Mediated Personal communication - dominant forms of
social interaction talking, texting, emailing, messaging, posting, and sharing via smart devices, social
media, and photo/video sharing websites. 3. Expressive technology - creative use of computers, phone and
digital cameras and video, webcams, audio recorders, and editing software for human expression. 4.
Face-to-face - Unmediated interpersonal communication and social interaction; verbal and nonverbal
communication; most public speaking situations.
Page 1
, Question 6: Elements of Audience-Centered Public Speaking
Answer: 1. Audience - The intended recipients of a speaker's message. 2. Speaker - The person who
assumes the primary responsibility for conveying a message in a public communication context. 3. Message
- The words and nonverbal cues a speaker uses to convey ideas, feelings, and thoughts. 4. Channel - A mode
or medium of communication. 5. Noise - Anything that interferes with the understanding of a message. 6.
Feedback - Audience members' responses to a speech. 7. Context - The situation within which a speech is
given. 8. Environment - The external surroundings that influence a public speaking event.
Question 7: Relaxation techniques
Answer: Helps to manage speech anxiety, build your confidence, and improve your effectiveness when you
speak. Helps reduce the physical symptoms of stress, such as increased heart rate and tense muscles. Three
relaxation exercises are (1) diaphragmatic breathing (smooth, even breathing using your diaphragm, (2)
mediation breathing (helps you relax - begin by breathing with your diaphragm) (3) tension-release
breathing (combines diaphragmatic breathing with relaxing specific parts of your body)
Question 8: Relabeling
Answer: Helps to manage speech anxiety, build your confidence, and improve your effectiveness when you
speak. Assigning more positive words or phrases to the physical reactions and feelings associated with
speech anxiety.
Question 9: Visualization
Answer: Helps to manage speech anxiety, build your confidence, and improve your effectiveness when you
speak. Imaging a successful communication event by thinking through a sequence of actions in a positive,
concrete, step-by-step way.
Question 10: Types of breathing
Answer: (1) diaphragmatic breathing (smooth, even breathing using your diaphragm, (2) mediation
breathing (helps you relax - begin by breathing with your diaphragm) (3) tension-release breathing
(combines diaphragmatic breathing with relaxing specific parts of your body)
Question 11: Strategies for building your confidence BE- FORE the speech
Answer: 1. Dress for the occasion 2. Keep all your notes and materials organized 3. Arrive early 4. Talk
with others at the event 5. Take calming breaths 6. Make sure all technical aspects of your speech are ready
to go 7. Concentrate on the other speakers
Question 12: Taking accurate notes
Answer: 1. Use boldface to mark quotations 2. Use a different font color to mark quotations 3. Use
highlighting to mark quotations
Page 2
STUDY GUIDE Questions with Correct Answers (Grade A+)
Question 1: Digital Divide
Answer: The gap between populations that have a high level of access to and use of digital communications
technology and populations that have a low level of access and use.
Question 2: Cicero's Five Canons
Answer: 1. Invention - Discovering what you want to say in a speech, such as by choosing a topic and
developing good arguments. 2. Arrangement - The way ideas presented in a speech are organized. 3. Style -
The language or words used in a speech. 4. Memory - Using the ability to recall information to give an
effective speech. 5. Delivery - The presentation of a speech to an audience.
Question 3: Human Communication Process
Answer: 1. Interpersonal communication - occurs when two or more people interact with each other as
unique individuals. You develop personal relationships with friends, family, and coworkers through
interpersonal communication. 2. Small-group communication - 3 or more people interact to accomplish a
task or reach a shared objective. (ex. local theatre groups, committees, and collaborative work groups) 3.
Organizational communication - refers to the flow of information that takes place within and among
organizations for the purpose of accomplishing common goals. (ex - creating products and offering
services) 4. Mass communication - originates with a media organization such as NBC, People magazine,
etc. 5. Public communication - occurs when, for a limited amount of time, an individual speaks or otherwise
sends a message to people outside that individual's know social group (ex - political speech, or a post on a
message board)
Question 4: pervasive communication environment
Answer: the ability to access and share information in multiple forms from multiple locations in ways that
transcend time and space.
Question 5: Four principal spheres of communications activity:
Answer: 1. Mass Media - least interactive - mainly passive reception of TV, radio, film, newspapers, and
magazines for information and entertainment. 2. Mediated Personal communication - dominant forms of
social interaction talking, texting, emailing, messaging, posting, and sharing via smart devices, social
media, and photo/video sharing websites. 3. Expressive technology - creative use of computers, phone and
digital cameras and video, webcams, audio recorders, and editing software for human expression. 4.
Face-to-face - Unmediated interpersonal communication and social interaction; verbal and nonverbal
communication; most public speaking situations.
Page 1
, Question 6: Elements of Audience-Centered Public Speaking
Answer: 1. Audience - The intended recipients of a speaker's message. 2. Speaker - The person who
assumes the primary responsibility for conveying a message in a public communication context. 3. Message
- The words and nonverbal cues a speaker uses to convey ideas, feelings, and thoughts. 4. Channel - A mode
or medium of communication. 5. Noise - Anything that interferes with the understanding of a message. 6.
Feedback - Audience members' responses to a speech. 7. Context - The situation within which a speech is
given. 8. Environment - The external surroundings that influence a public speaking event.
Question 7: Relaxation techniques
Answer: Helps to manage speech anxiety, build your confidence, and improve your effectiveness when you
speak. Helps reduce the physical symptoms of stress, such as increased heart rate and tense muscles. Three
relaxation exercises are (1) diaphragmatic breathing (smooth, even breathing using your diaphragm, (2)
mediation breathing (helps you relax - begin by breathing with your diaphragm) (3) tension-release
breathing (combines diaphragmatic breathing with relaxing specific parts of your body)
Question 8: Relabeling
Answer: Helps to manage speech anxiety, build your confidence, and improve your effectiveness when you
speak. Assigning more positive words or phrases to the physical reactions and feelings associated with
speech anxiety.
Question 9: Visualization
Answer: Helps to manage speech anxiety, build your confidence, and improve your effectiveness when you
speak. Imaging a successful communication event by thinking through a sequence of actions in a positive,
concrete, step-by-step way.
Question 10: Types of breathing
Answer: (1) diaphragmatic breathing (smooth, even breathing using your diaphragm, (2) mediation
breathing (helps you relax - begin by breathing with your diaphragm) (3) tension-release breathing
(combines diaphragmatic breathing with relaxing specific parts of your body)
Question 11: Strategies for building your confidence BE- FORE the speech
Answer: 1. Dress for the occasion 2. Keep all your notes and materials organized 3. Arrive early 4. Talk
with others at the event 5. Take calming breaths 6. Make sure all technical aspects of your speech are ready
to go 7. Concentrate on the other speakers
Question 12: Taking accurate notes
Answer: 1. Use boldface to mark quotations 2. Use a different font color to mark quotations 3. Use
highlighting to mark quotations
Page 2
