NR 293 Pharmacology – Exam 3 || 100 Verified
Questions & Correct Verified Answers with Expert
Detailed Rationales (2026 Updated) 100% Correct ~
Chamberlain University.
Question 1
A patient is prescribed a selective beta-1 adrenergic
antagonist (beta-blocker) for hypertension and stable
angina. Which of the following adverse effects should the
nurse closely monitor in this patient?
• A) Tachycardia and insomnia
• B) Bradycardia and hypotension
• C) Bronchospasm and hyperglycemia
• D) Urinary retention and constipation
Correct Answer: B) Bradycardia and hypotension
Expert Rationale: Beta-1 receptors are primarily located in the
heart. Blocking them leads to a decrease in heart rate (negative
chronotropy), reduced myocardial contractility (negative
inotropy), and slowed AV nodal conduction (negative
dromotropy), which results in bradycardia and lowered blood
pressure. Non-selective beta-blockers pose a greater risk for
bronchospasm via beta-2 antagonism.
Question 2
Which medication is classified as a direct-acting cholinergic
agonist commonly used to treat non-obstructive urinary
, retention by stimulating the detrusor muscle of the urinary
bladder?
• A) Atropine
• B) Bethanechol
• C) Oxybutynin
• D) Epinephrine
Correct Answer: B) Bethanechol
Expert Rationale: Bethanechol is a muscarinic agonist that
stimulates parasympathetic nerve receptors, causing contraction
of the detrusor muscle and relaxation of the urinary sphincter to
facilitate bladder emptying. Atropine and oxybutynin are
anticholinergics that have the opposite effect.
Section 2: Cardiovascular Medications (Hypertension, Heart
Failure, & Dysrhythmias)
Question 3
A patient newly prescribed an Angiotensin-Converting
Enzyme (ACE) inhibitor reports experiencing a persistent,
dry, hacking cough. What is the pharmacological
mechanism responsible for this adverse effect?
• A) Accumulation of bradykinin in the lungs due to
inhibition of kininase II
• B) Direct irritation of bronchial smooth muscle by the
active drug metabolite
• C) Excessive histamine release from pulmonary mast cells
• D) Severe hyperkalemia leading to pulmonary edema
Questions & Correct Verified Answers with Expert
Detailed Rationales (2026 Updated) 100% Correct ~
Chamberlain University.
Question 1
A patient is prescribed a selective beta-1 adrenergic
antagonist (beta-blocker) for hypertension and stable
angina. Which of the following adverse effects should the
nurse closely monitor in this patient?
• A) Tachycardia and insomnia
• B) Bradycardia and hypotension
• C) Bronchospasm and hyperglycemia
• D) Urinary retention and constipation
Correct Answer: B) Bradycardia and hypotension
Expert Rationale: Beta-1 receptors are primarily located in the
heart. Blocking them leads to a decrease in heart rate (negative
chronotropy), reduced myocardial contractility (negative
inotropy), and slowed AV nodal conduction (negative
dromotropy), which results in bradycardia and lowered blood
pressure. Non-selective beta-blockers pose a greater risk for
bronchospasm via beta-2 antagonism.
Question 2
Which medication is classified as a direct-acting cholinergic
agonist commonly used to treat non-obstructive urinary
, retention by stimulating the detrusor muscle of the urinary
bladder?
• A) Atropine
• B) Bethanechol
• C) Oxybutynin
• D) Epinephrine
Correct Answer: B) Bethanechol
Expert Rationale: Bethanechol is a muscarinic agonist that
stimulates parasympathetic nerve receptors, causing contraction
of the detrusor muscle and relaxation of the urinary sphincter to
facilitate bladder emptying. Atropine and oxybutynin are
anticholinergics that have the opposite effect.
Section 2: Cardiovascular Medications (Hypertension, Heart
Failure, & Dysrhythmias)
Question 3
A patient newly prescribed an Angiotensin-Converting
Enzyme (ACE) inhibitor reports experiencing a persistent,
dry, hacking cough. What is the pharmacological
mechanism responsible for this adverse effect?
• A) Accumulation of bradykinin in the lungs due to
inhibition of kininase II
• B) Direct irritation of bronchial smooth muscle by the
active drug metabolite
• C) Excessive histamine release from pulmonary mast cells
• D) Severe hyperkalemia leading to pulmonary edema
