STUDY NOTES & REFERENCE GUIDE
WGU D027 OA ··
EXAM
ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES
2026 \2027 UPDATED
Fundamentals of Nursing
1
LecClara Stuvia | Page 1 of 78
, STUDY NOTES & REFERENCE GUIDE
What is the appropriate diagnosis for this patient? - Correct Answer-Crohn's disease
·
A 12-year-old-child patient presents to the clinic and report signs and symptoms
··
consistent with asthma. How would the healthcare professional objectively confirm this
·
diagnosis?
·
A. Draw serum levels of immunoglobulin E (IgE) and eosinophils
···
B. Measure expiratory flow rate and spirometry testing
·
C. Assess for parental history of asthma
·
D. Give a trial of asthma medication and check for improvement - Correct Answer-B.
···
Measure expiratory flow rate and spirometry testing
··
--To objectively diagnose asthma, pulmonary function testing using spirometry can be
··
accomplished after a child is 5 to 6 years of age. Reduced expiratory flow rates that are
·
reversible in response to an inhaled bronchodilator would be characteristic
abnormalities found on a PFT.
A 16-year-old female presents to primary care accompanied by her mother with
complaints of chronic fatigue, muscle aches, headaches, and dizziness for the last
several months with increasing frequency and severity. The patient is a high school
student, and she reports that she passed out today during chemistry. The patient is in a
healthy, new relationship with a student at her school. She reports using over-the-
counter ibuprofen (Motrin) three times over the last week to manage her symptoms.
The assessment findings include a blood pressure of 89/58, P 92 and R 22. The patient
is 5 feet, 2 inches tall and weighs 103 pounds. On palpation, the thyroid is not enlarged.
The patient has a normal sinus rhythm and regular rate. Lung sounds are clear
bilaterally. Her abdomen is soft and bowel sounds are present in all four quadrants. She
has a steady gait, though verbally complains of feeling weak and off balance upon
ambula - Correct Answer-Rowing
A 17-year-old male patient presents to a clinic for a physical, and he has a diagnosis of
moderate glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency. During the exam, he
states he is going to study abroad in Egypt during his sophomore year, and he has
concerns about his nutrition while being away from home. Which counseling about the
patient's deficiency should the advanced professional nurse (APN) give to this patient
while he studies abroad? - Correct Answer-Acetaminophen (Tylenol) is safe to
consume.
A 20-year-old male meets with an advanced professional nurse (APN) to discuss
symptoms that have been slowly progressing over the past several years. He is mainly
concerned because he has been falling frequently. Since childhood, his gait has consisted
of walking on his toes. During middle school, he was able to participate in sports but
was unable to participate in high school sports due to difficulty with running and
jumping. Lately, he has noticed it takes longer and is more difficult to change positions
from sitting to standing than it used to in the past. He has also been waking up with
muscle and joint stiffness. The APRN notes that his family history is not significant for
any chronic or genetic diseases. Which condition is likely to be the cause of these
symptoms? - Correct Answer-Becker muscular dystrophy
2
LecClara Stuvia | Page 2 of 78
, STUDY NOTES & REFERENCE GUIDE
--Becker muscular dystrophy (often called Becker MD or BMD) is a form of muscular
dystrophy, a genetic disorder that gradually makes the body's muscles weaker and
smaller. It causes less severe problems than the most common type, Duchenne muscular
dystrophy.
A 25-year-old female is 35 weeks pregnant and presents for lower back pain. She has a
history of moderate lower back pain that she normally controls with stretching, yoga,
and ice. The patient reports not being able to engage in stretching and yoga because of
the state of her pregnancy. Ice use has been ineffective. After a benign exam and a
negative urinalysis, the provider is convinced that the pain is musculoskeletal. The
patient inquires if there are any medications she can take for the pain. Which
medication does the provider tell the patient she can safely take? - Correct Answer-
Acetaminophen (Tylenol)
A 26-year-old male presented to the emergency department accompanied by his mother
with complaints of an exacerbation of psychotic symptoms secondary to his diagnosis of
schizophrenia. He explained that he was diagnosed at age 20 and has struggled to
sustain his typical baseline functioning for any extended period of time despite multiple
antipsychotic medication trials. He has been taking risperidone (Risperdal) for
approximately six months. A focused assessment revealed the following: Patient has
been struggling with auditory and visual hallucinations that are command in nature. He
reports experiencing suicidal ideation. Patient denies homicidal ideation. He has
temporarily been residing with his mother for the past week due to intrusive suicidal
thoughts and hallucinations that increase when at his apartment. The mother reported
that this morning the patient became increasingly agitated and was screaming and
throw - Correct Answer-Prazosin hydrochloride (Minipress)
--Physicians prescribe prazosin, sold under the brand name of Minipress, to treat
nightmares for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).
A 28-year-old married female presents to primary care accompanied by her husband
with complaints of weight gain, fatigue, muscle aches, bloating, constipation, and
difficulty concentrating. The patient explains that she has been experiencing these
symptoms with increasing frequency over the last two months and reports feeling upset
that she has gained 10 pounds over the past month despite no significant changes in
dietary intake or activity level. The patient holds a bachelor's degree and is employed
full time as an accountant. The patient reports feeling frustrated with her poor
concentration and identifies recent work errors to be due to this symptom. The patient
explains that she and her spouse plan to start trying to conceive soon, and she is
worried that she may have trouble becoming pregnant. The patient reports using over-
the-counter laxative products over the last week to combat constipation. The patient
repo - Correct Answer-5.31 mIU/L
A 29 yo pregnant patient presents with a pulmonary embolus (PE). Which medication
should the nurse anticipate giving?
A. low molecular weight heparin
B. Fondaparinux
C. Unfractionated heparin
D. Vitamin K - Correct Answer-C. Unfractionated heparin
3
LecClara Stuvia | Page 3 of 78
, STUDY NOTES & REFERENCE GUIDE
LMWH has less of an effect on thrombin compared to heparin
A 30-week pregnant female should not receive which vaccine?
A. Tdap
B. Influenza
C. Hepatitis B
D. varicella - Correct Answer-D. varicella
--The effects of the varicella vaccine are unknown therefore this vaccine is
contraindicated. Congenital defects are a possible consequence to the fetus when live
vaccines are administered during pregnancy, particularly the first 2 trimesters. Non-
pregnant females should not become pregnant for at least 1 month after receiving the
vaccine.
A 32-year-old female presents to the emergency room (ER) with headache, fatigue, and
shortness of breath on exertion. A complete blood count reveals a hemoglobin of
4.4g/dl. During the gynecological review of systems, she reports a change of a fully
saturated pad every two hours for the first three out of six days of a 28-day menstrual
cycle. She states she thought this was normal and has never sought gynecological care.
She does not follow with a primary care physician.Which factor in the "health and
healthcare" domain of the social determinants of health contributed to this patient's
hemoglobin of 4.4g/dl? - Correct Answer-Health literacy
A 36-year-old man with asthma requires antihypertensive therapy. Which one of the
medications should be avoided?
A. Hydrochlorothiazide
B. Propanolol
C. Amlodipine
D. Enalapril - Correct Answer-B. Propanolol
--Propanolol is a beta-2 blocker and contraindicated in patients with chronic
respiratory conditions due to the bronchoconstrictive risk this drug would pose.
A 40-year-old Trinidadian male comes into a clinic complaining of burning chest pain,
indigestion, nausea, and belching after eating certain foods. He is a single father living
and working in New York City. He recently obtained his green card after living in the
United States for more than 10 years. He has a GED and works as an IT help desk
technician earning $42,000 a year. He has health insurance through the New York
health marketplace because it is cheaper than his employer's plan. Because of the high
cost of living in New York, the patient is unable to afford an apartment on his own;
therefore, he and his child share a home with his mother and older sister. As the nurse
begins to explore his social history regarding his alcohol use, the patient states, "I have
two to three beers every night to help me sleep. I have been doing this for the past
year." The patient also states he has trouble falling asleep and stayi - Correct Answer-
The patient's lifestyle structure
A 40-year-old Trinidadian male comes into a clinic complaining of burning chest pain,
indigestion, nausea, and belching after eating certain foods. He is a single father living
and working in New York City. He recently obtained his green card after living in the
4
LecClara Stuvia | Page 4 of 78
WGU D027 OA ··
EXAM
ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES
2026 \2027 UPDATED
Fundamentals of Nursing
1
LecClara Stuvia | Page 1 of 78
, STUDY NOTES & REFERENCE GUIDE
What is the appropriate diagnosis for this patient? - Correct Answer-Crohn's disease
·
A 12-year-old-child patient presents to the clinic and report signs and symptoms
··
consistent with asthma. How would the healthcare professional objectively confirm this
·
diagnosis?
·
A. Draw serum levels of immunoglobulin E (IgE) and eosinophils
···
B. Measure expiratory flow rate and spirometry testing
·
C. Assess for parental history of asthma
·
D. Give a trial of asthma medication and check for improvement - Correct Answer-B.
···
Measure expiratory flow rate and spirometry testing
··
--To objectively diagnose asthma, pulmonary function testing using spirometry can be
··
accomplished after a child is 5 to 6 years of age. Reduced expiratory flow rates that are
·
reversible in response to an inhaled bronchodilator would be characteristic
abnormalities found on a PFT.
A 16-year-old female presents to primary care accompanied by her mother with
complaints of chronic fatigue, muscle aches, headaches, and dizziness for the last
several months with increasing frequency and severity. The patient is a high school
student, and she reports that she passed out today during chemistry. The patient is in a
healthy, new relationship with a student at her school. She reports using over-the-
counter ibuprofen (Motrin) three times over the last week to manage her symptoms.
The assessment findings include a blood pressure of 89/58, P 92 and R 22. The patient
is 5 feet, 2 inches tall and weighs 103 pounds. On palpation, the thyroid is not enlarged.
The patient has a normal sinus rhythm and regular rate. Lung sounds are clear
bilaterally. Her abdomen is soft and bowel sounds are present in all four quadrants. She
has a steady gait, though verbally complains of feeling weak and off balance upon
ambula - Correct Answer-Rowing
A 17-year-old male patient presents to a clinic for a physical, and he has a diagnosis of
moderate glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency. During the exam, he
states he is going to study abroad in Egypt during his sophomore year, and he has
concerns about his nutrition while being away from home. Which counseling about the
patient's deficiency should the advanced professional nurse (APN) give to this patient
while he studies abroad? - Correct Answer-Acetaminophen (Tylenol) is safe to
consume.
A 20-year-old male meets with an advanced professional nurse (APN) to discuss
symptoms that have been slowly progressing over the past several years. He is mainly
concerned because he has been falling frequently. Since childhood, his gait has consisted
of walking on his toes. During middle school, he was able to participate in sports but
was unable to participate in high school sports due to difficulty with running and
jumping. Lately, he has noticed it takes longer and is more difficult to change positions
from sitting to standing than it used to in the past. He has also been waking up with
muscle and joint stiffness. The APRN notes that his family history is not significant for
any chronic or genetic diseases. Which condition is likely to be the cause of these
symptoms? - Correct Answer-Becker muscular dystrophy
2
LecClara Stuvia | Page 2 of 78
, STUDY NOTES & REFERENCE GUIDE
--Becker muscular dystrophy (often called Becker MD or BMD) is a form of muscular
dystrophy, a genetic disorder that gradually makes the body's muscles weaker and
smaller. It causes less severe problems than the most common type, Duchenne muscular
dystrophy.
A 25-year-old female is 35 weeks pregnant and presents for lower back pain. She has a
history of moderate lower back pain that she normally controls with stretching, yoga,
and ice. The patient reports not being able to engage in stretching and yoga because of
the state of her pregnancy. Ice use has been ineffective. After a benign exam and a
negative urinalysis, the provider is convinced that the pain is musculoskeletal. The
patient inquires if there are any medications she can take for the pain. Which
medication does the provider tell the patient she can safely take? - Correct Answer-
Acetaminophen (Tylenol)
A 26-year-old male presented to the emergency department accompanied by his mother
with complaints of an exacerbation of psychotic symptoms secondary to his diagnosis of
schizophrenia. He explained that he was diagnosed at age 20 and has struggled to
sustain his typical baseline functioning for any extended period of time despite multiple
antipsychotic medication trials. He has been taking risperidone (Risperdal) for
approximately six months. A focused assessment revealed the following: Patient has
been struggling with auditory and visual hallucinations that are command in nature. He
reports experiencing suicidal ideation. Patient denies homicidal ideation. He has
temporarily been residing with his mother for the past week due to intrusive suicidal
thoughts and hallucinations that increase when at his apartment. The mother reported
that this morning the patient became increasingly agitated and was screaming and
throw - Correct Answer-Prazosin hydrochloride (Minipress)
--Physicians prescribe prazosin, sold under the brand name of Minipress, to treat
nightmares for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).
A 28-year-old married female presents to primary care accompanied by her husband
with complaints of weight gain, fatigue, muscle aches, bloating, constipation, and
difficulty concentrating. The patient explains that she has been experiencing these
symptoms with increasing frequency over the last two months and reports feeling upset
that she has gained 10 pounds over the past month despite no significant changes in
dietary intake or activity level. The patient holds a bachelor's degree and is employed
full time as an accountant. The patient reports feeling frustrated with her poor
concentration and identifies recent work errors to be due to this symptom. The patient
explains that she and her spouse plan to start trying to conceive soon, and she is
worried that she may have trouble becoming pregnant. The patient reports using over-
the-counter laxative products over the last week to combat constipation. The patient
repo - Correct Answer-5.31 mIU/L
A 29 yo pregnant patient presents with a pulmonary embolus (PE). Which medication
should the nurse anticipate giving?
A. low molecular weight heparin
B. Fondaparinux
C. Unfractionated heparin
D. Vitamin K - Correct Answer-C. Unfractionated heparin
3
LecClara Stuvia | Page 3 of 78
, STUDY NOTES & REFERENCE GUIDE
LMWH has less of an effect on thrombin compared to heparin
A 30-week pregnant female should not receive which vaccine?
A. Tdap
B. Influenza
C. Hepatitis B
D. varicella - Correct Answer-D. varicella
--The effects of the varicella vaccine are unknown therefore this vaccine is
contraindicated. Congenital defects are a possible consequence to the fetus when live
vaccines are administered during pregnancy, particularly the first 2 trimesters. Non-
pregnant females should not become pregnant for at least 1 month after receiving the
vaccine.
A 32-year-old female presents to the emergency room (ER) with headache, fatigue, and
shortness of breath on exertion. A complete blood count reveals a hemoglobin of
4.4g/dl. During the gynecological review of systems, she reports a change of a fully
saturated pad every two hours for the first three out of six days of a 28-day menstrual
cycle. She states she thought this was normal and has never sought gynecological care.
She does not follow with a primary care physician.Which factor in the "health and
healthcare" domain of the social determinants of health contributed to this patient's
hemoglobin of 4.4g/dl? - Correct Answer-Health literacy
A 36-year-old man with asthma requires antihypertensive therapy. Which one of the
medications should be avoided?
A. Hydrochlorothiazide
B. Propanolol
C. Amlodipine
D. Enalapril - Correct Answer-B. Propanolol
--Propanolol is a beta-2 blocker and contraindicated in patients with chronic
respiratory conditions due to the bronchoconstrictive risk this drug would pose.
A 40-year-old Trinidadian male comes into a clinic complaining of burning chest pain,
indigestion, nausea, and belching after eating certain foods. He is a single father living
and working in New York City. He recently obtained his green card after living in the
United States for more than 10 years. He has a GED and works as an IT help desk
technician earning $42,000 a year. He has health insurance through the New York
health marketplace because it is cheaper than his employer's plan. Because of the high
cost of living in New York, the patient is unable to afford an apartment on his own;
therefore, he and his child share a home with his mother and older sister. As the nurse
begins to explore his social history regarding his alcohol use, the patient states, "I have
two to three beers every night to help me sleep. I have been doing this for the past
year." The patient also states he has trouble falling asleep and stayi - Correct Answer-
The patient's lifestyle structure
A 40-year-old Trinidadian male comes into a clinic complaining of burning chest pain,
indigestion, nausea, and belching after eating certain foods. He is a single father living
and working in New York City. He recently obtained his green card after living in the
4
LecClara Stuvia | Page 4 of 78
