Microbiology Chapter 4: Prokaryotes 2026/2027 | Study Guide, Practice Questions & Exam Review

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Microbiology Chapter 4 Prokaryotes

How do axial filaments differ from regular bacterial flagella?

The axial filament is located between the cell membrane and the outer
membrane.

What is the advantage to spirochetes of the corkscrew movement provided
by axial filaments?

It allows the cells to move more easily through viscous human tissues and
fluids, such as mucus.

Axial filaments are composed of

endoflagella

Which of the following scenarios is an example of bacterial motility?

A bacterium moving towards a food source

Axial filaments are found on

spirochetes.

Tumbles occur when

the flagella rotate clockwise.

Which of the following types of bacterial cells would have only a single
flagellum?




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Prokaryotes

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Monotrichous

Peritrichous bacteria make a run when

the flagella turn counterclockwise and become bundled.

Which of the following types of bacterial cells would have flagella located at
only one end of the cell?

Lophotrichous and monotrichous

Which of the following statements about bacterial flagella is true?

Flagella can rotate 360 degrees.

Taxis is

movement towards or away from a stimulus.

Which of the following terms refers to a bacterium moving towards a light
source?

Positive phototaxis

As a bacterium approaches a food source, one would expect

runs to become more frequent.

Why are receptors on the cell surface necessary for bacterial movement?

The receptors sense the stimulus and send signals to the flagella.

What structural part of a bacterial flagellum is composed of flagellin?

Filament




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Prokaryotes

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How are Gram-positive and Gram-negative flagella different?

A Gram-positive flagellum has only two rings in its basal body; Gram-
negatives each have four.

The rings

anchor the flagellum to the cell membrane.

The basal body is comprised of which structural component(s) of flagella?

Rod and Rings

Pathogenic bacteria

can be identified and classified by differences in their flagellar proteins.

Distinguishing features of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
This activity requires that you sort cell structures according to whether they
are found in prokaryotic cells or eukaryotic cells.

Prokaryotic cellsCircular chromosome, not enclosed within a nuclear
envelopePeptidoglycan-containing cell wall70s ribosomesFlagella that
rotate, composed of flagellinEukaryotic cellsLinear chromosomes enclosed
within a nuclear envelopeCellulose or chitin-containing cell wallFlagella that
wave, composed of microtubulesGolgi
apparatusLysosomesMitochondria80s ribosomesEndoplasmic
reticulumSubmit

Cell Structures That Enclose a Bacterial Cell
Membrane transport refers to the mechanisms by which solutes cross the




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Prokaryotes