BIO 201 EXAM 1 STUDY GUIDE | 2026/2027 | PRACTICE
QUESTIONS & ANSWERS
1. Describe the significance of the basal metabolic rate (BMR) in understanding
energy balance in the body.
BMR reflects the total caloric intake of an individual.
BMR measures the energy used during physical activity.
BMR is the energy expenditure during sleep.
BMR indicates the minimum energy required to maintain basic
physiological functions at rest.
2. What is the ratio of fatty acids to glycerol in neutral fats? Choose one answer.
2:1
1:1
3:1
4:1
3. In humans, important components of the plasma membrane include
B. phospholipid
D. A and B
A. protein
C. cholesterol
E. all of the above
4. Describe the main difference between passive transport and active transport
in cellular processes.
, Passive transport is slower than active transport.
Passive transport moves substances in bulk, while active transport
moves individual molecules.
Passive transport occurs only in plant cells, while active transport
occurs in animal cells.
The main difference is that passive transport does not require
energy, while active transport requires energy to move substances
against their concentration gradient.
5. If a person is undergoing prolonged fasting, how would lipolysis be affected
and what would be its physiological significance?
Lipolysis would increase to provide fatty acids for energy during
fasting.
Lipolysis would decrease, leading to increased fat storage.
Lipolysis would stop completely, forcing the body to rely solely on
protein.
Lipolysis would remain unchanged, as energy needs are met by
carbohydrates.
6. In a laboratory experiment, if two simple amino acids are combined to form a
dipeptide, what type of reaction is occurring?
Synthesis reaction
Decomposition reaction
Redox reaction
Exchange reaction
7. Constituents of normal plasma membrane include
1) phospholipids
, 2) proteins
3) glycolipids
4) cholesterol
All are correct
1,2,3 only
2,4 only
4 only
1,3 only
8. Mitosis is a scientific term that, in layman's terms, means:
Atomic fusion.
Nuclear cell division (division of the cell nucleus).
Cellular disease.
Infection.
9. In which of the following scenarios would simple squamous epithelial tissue
be most beneficial for the body?
In the alveoli of the lungs for gas exchange.
In the intestines for nutrient absorption.
In the skin for protection against pathogens.
In the heart for pumping blood.
10. Describe the role of phospholipids in the structure of the plasma membrane.
Phospholipids are responsible for energy production in the
membrane.
, Phospholipids form a bilayer that provides a barrier to water-
soluble substances while allowing lipid-soluble substances to pass
through.
Phospholipids act as receptors for signaling molecules.
Phospholipids help in the synthesis of proteins.
11. Lipolysis is _____ _.
the synthesis of new glucose molecules from pyruvate, lactate,
glycerol, or the amino acids alanine or glutamine
a set of biochemical reactions to prevent a toxic level of nitrogen
buildup in the body
a fuel in times of prolonged starvation or when patients suffer from
uncontrolled diabetes and cannot utilize most of the circulating
glucose
the breakdown of stored fat for release into the bloodstream and
used in cellular respiration
12. Describe the physiological mechanisms that lead to the development of
edema.
Edema is caused by excessive protein synthesis in tissues.
Edema develops when there is an imbalance in the forces that
regulate fluid movement between blood vessels and tissues.
Edema results from a lack of oxygen in the tissues.
Edema occurs only due to high blood pressure.
13. Describe how thyroxine influences metabolic processes in the body.
Thyroxine increases the metabolic rate by stimulating the
consumption of oxygen and the production of heat.
QUESTIONS & ANSWERS
1. Describe the significance of the basal metabolic rate (BMR) in understanding
energy balance in the body.
BMR reflects the total caloric intake of an individual.
BMR measures the energy used during physical activity.
BMR is the energy expenditure during sleep.
BMR indicates the minimum energy required to maintain basic
physiological functions at rest.
2. What is the ratio of fatty acids to glycerol in neutral fats? Choose one answer.
2:1
1:1
3:1
4:1
3. In humans, important components of the plasma membrane include
B. phospholipid
D. A and B
A. protein
C. cholesterol
E. all of the above
4. Describe the main difference between passive transport and active transport
in cellular processes.
, Passive transport is slower than active transport.
Passive transport moves substances in bulk, while active transport
moves individual molecules.
Passive transport occurs only in plant cells, while active transport
occurs in animal cells.
The main difference is that passive transport does not require
energy, while active transport requires energy to move substances
against their concentration gradient.
5. If a person is undergoing prolonged fasting, how would lipolysis be affected
and what would be its physiological significance?
Lipolysis would increase to provide fatty acids for energy during
fasting.
Lipolysis would decrease, leading to increased fat storage.
Lipolysis would stop completely, forcing the body to rely solely on
protein.
Lipolysis would remain unchanged, as energy needs are met by
carbohydrates.
6. In a laboratory experiment, if two simple amino acids are combined to form a
dipeptide, what type of reaction is occurring?
Synthesis reaction
Decomposition reaction
Redox reaction
Exchange reaction
7. Constituents of normal plasma membrane include
1) phospholipids
, 2) proteins
3) glycolipids
4) cholesterol
All are correct
1,2,3 only
2,4 only
4 only
1,3 only
8. Mitosis is a scientific term that, in layman's terms, means:
Atomic fusion.
Nuclear cell division (division of the cell nucleus).
Cellular disease.
Infection.
9. In which of the following scenarios would simple squamous epithelial tissue
be most beneficial for the body?
In the alveoli of the lungs for gas exchange.
In the intestines for nutrient absorption.
In the skin for protection against pathogens.
In the heart for pumping blood.
10. Describe the role of phospholipids in the structure of the plasma membrane.
Phospholipids are responsible for energy production in the
membrane.
, Phospholipids form a bilayer that provides a barrier to water-
soluble substances while allowing lipid-soluble substances to pass
through.
Phospholipids act as receptors for signaling molecules.
Phospholipids help in the synthesis of proteins.
11. Lipolysis is _____ _.
the synthesis of new glucose molecules from pyruvate, lactate,
glycerol, or the amino acids alanine or glutamine
a set of biochemical reactions to prevent a toxic level of nitrogen
buildup in the body
a fuel in times of prolonged starvation or when patients suffer from
uncontrolled diabetes and cannot utilize most of the circulating
glucose
the breakdown of stored fat for release into the bloodstream and
used in cellular respiration
12. Describe the physiological mechanisms that lead to the development of
edema.
Edema is caused by excessive protein synthesis in tissues.
Edema develops when there is an imbalance in the forces that
regulate fluid movement between blood vessels and tissues.
Edema results from a lack of oxygen in the tissues.
Edema occurs only due to high blood pressure.
13. Describe how thyroxine influences metabolic processes in the body.
Thyroxine increases the metabolic rate by stimulating the
consumption of oxygen and the production of heat.
