https://www.stuvia.com/user/????????????????????"OP@)(@)(*#@(#*@#&*$^&)(*@)$*$(&(Y&*&%Y&*(@)&$(&%*&%*&(&%@&*($#(*&98o
10/20/2026https://www.stuvia.com/user/????????????????????"OP@)(@)(*#@(#*@#&*$^&)(*@)$*$(&(Y&*&%Y&*(@)&$(&%*&%*&(&%@&*($#(*&98oComprehensive
10/20/2026https://www.stuvia.com/user/????????????????????"OP@)(@)(*#@(#*@#&*$^&)(*@)$*$(&(Y&*&%Y&*(@)&$(&%*&%*&(&%@&*($#(*&98o
BIOL 230 Microbiology Test 3 Review_ Symbiosis, Pathogens, Immunity, and Infectious Diseases.pdf
Test 3 Review: Symbiosis, Pathogens, Immunity, and Infectious Diseases
Study guide
lori41793
Terms in this set (100)
What are the four types of The four types of symbiosis are mutualism
symbiosis? (both species benefit), commensalism (one
species benefits, the other is unaffected),
parasitism (one species benefits at the
expense of the other), and amensalism (one
species is harmed while the other is
unaffected).
Page 1 of 3110/20/2026https://www.stuvia.com/user/????????????????????"OP@)(@)(*#@(#*@#&*$^&)(*@)$*$(&(Y&*&%Y&*(@)&$(&%*&%*&(&%@&*($#(*&98oComprehensive
Page 1 of 3110/20/2026https://www.stuvia.com/user/????????????????????"OP@)(@)(*#@(#*@#&*$^&)(*@)$*$(&(Y&*&%Y&*(@)&$(&%*&%*&(&%@&*($#(*&98oComprehensive
https://www.stuvia.com/user/????????????????????"OP@)(@)(*#@(#*@#&*$^&)(*@)$*$(&(Y&*&%Y&*(@)&$(&%*&%*&(&%@&*($#(*&98o
BIOL 230 Microbiology
BIOLTest
2303Microbiology
Review_ Symbiosis,
Test 3 Review_
Pathogens,
Symbiosis,
Immunity,
Pathogens,
and Infectious
Immunity,
Diseases.pdf
and Infectious Diseases.pdf10/20/2026, 4:09:33 AM
,https://www.stuvia.com/user/????????????????????"OP@)(@)(*#@(#*@#&*$^&)(*@)$*$(&(Y&*&%Y&*(@)&$(&%*&%*&(&%@&*($#(*&98o
10/20/2026https://www.stuvia.com/user/????????????????????"OP@)(@)(*#@(#*@#&*$^&)(*@)$*$(&(Y&*&%Y&*(@)&$(&%*&%*&(&%@&*($#(*&98oComprehensive
10/20/2026https://www.stuvia.com/user/????????????????????"OP@)(@)(*#@(#*@#&*$^&)(*@)$*$(&(Y&*&%Y&*(@)&$(&%*&%*&(&%@&*($#(*&98o
BIOL 230 Microbiology Test 3 Review_ Symbiosis, Pathogens, Immunity, and Infectious Diseases.pdf
What is the relationship among A parasite is an organism that lives on or in a
parasite, host, and pathogen? host and benefits at the host's expense. A
pathogen is a type of parasite that causes
disease in the host.
What is the microbiome? The microbiome is a community of
microorganisms residing in a specific
environment, such as the human body,
which includes resident members
(permanently present) and transient
members (temporarily present).
What conditions create Three conditions include: (1)
opportunities for normal immunocompromised state of the host, (2)
microbiota to cause disease? introduction of normal microbiota to an
unusual site in the body, and (3) changes in
the microbiota composition.
Page 2 of 3110/20/2026https://www.stuvia.com/user/????????????????????"OP@)(@)(*#@(#*@#&*$^&)(*@)$*$(&(Y&*&%Y&*(@)&$(&%*&%*&(&%@&*($#(*&98oComprehensive
Page 2 of 3110/20/2026https://www.stuvia.com/user/????????????????????"OP@)(@)(*#@(#*@#&*$^&)(*@)$*$(&(Y&*&%Y&*(@)&$(&%*&%*&(&%@&*($#(*&98oComprehensive
https://www.stuvia.com/user/????????????????????"OP@)(@)(*#@(#*@#&*$^&)(*@)$*$(&(Y&*&%Y&*(@)&$(&%*&%*&(&%@&*($#(*&98o
BIOL 230 Microbiology
BIOLTest
2303Microbiology
Review_ Symbiosis,
Test 3 Review_
Pathogens,
Symbiosis,
Immunity,
Pathogens,
and Infectious
Immunity,
Diseases.pdf
and Infectious Diseases.pdf10/20/2026, 4:09:33 AM
,https://www.stuvia.com/user/????????????????????"OP@)(@)(*#@(#*@#&*$^&)(*@)$*$(&(Y&*&%Y&*(@)&$(&%*&%*&(&%@&*($#(*&98o
10/20/2026https://www.stuvia.com/user/????????????????????"OP@)(@)(*#@(#*@#&*$^&)(*@)$*$(&(Y&*&%Y&*(@)&$(&%*&%*&(&%@&*($#(*&98oComprehensive
10/20/2026https://www.stuvia.com/user/????????????????????"OP@)(@)(*#@(#*@#&*$^&)(*@)$*$(&(Y&*&%Y&*(@)&$(&%*&%*&(&%@&*($#(*&98o
BIOL 230 Microbiology Test 3 Review_ Symbiosis, Pathogens, Immunity, and Infectious Diseases.pdf
What are the three types of The three types of reservoirs are: (1) humans
reservoirs of infection in (carriers), (2) animals (zoonoses), and (3) the
humans? environment (soil, water).
What is the relationship Contamination refers to the presence of
between contamination and pathogens on a surface or in a substance,
infection? while infection occurs when pathogens
invade and multiply within the host's body.
What are the portals through Common portals include the respiratory
which pathogens invade the tract, gastrointestinal tract, urogenital tract,
body? skin, and mucous membranes.
What are the types of adhesion Adhesion factors include fimbriae, pili, and
factors? biofilms, which help pathogens attach to
host tissues and establish infection.
Page 3 of 3110/20/2026https://www.stuvia.com/user/????????????????????"OP@)(@)(*#@(#*@#&*$^&)(*@)$*$(&(Y&*&%Y&*(@)&$(&%*&%*&(&%@&*($#(*&98oComprehensive
Page 3 of 3110/20/2026https://www.stuvia.com/user/????????????????????"OP@)(@)(*#@(#*@#&*$^&)(*@)$*$(&(Y&*&%Y&*(@)&$(&%*&%*&(&%@&*($#(*&98oComprehensive
https://www.stuvia.com/user/????????????????????"OP@)(@)(*#@(#*@#&*$^&)(*@)$*$(&(Y&*&%Y&*(@)&$(&%*&%*&(&%@&*($#(*&98o
BIOL 230 Microbiology
BIOLTest
2303Microbiology
Review_ Symbiosis,
Test 3 Review_
Pathogens,
Symbiosis,
Immunity,
Pathogens,
and Infectious
Immunity,
Diseases.pdf
and Infectious Diseases.pdf10/20/2026, 4:09:33 AM
, https://www.stuvia.com/user/????????????????????"OP@)(@)(*#@(#*@#&*$^&)(*@)$*$(&(Y&*&%Y&*(@)&$(&%*&%*&(&%@&*($#(*&98o
10/20/2026https://www.stuvia.com/user/????????????????????"OP@)(@)(*#@(#*@#&*$^&)(*@)$*$(&(Y&*&%Y&*(@)&$(&%*&%*&(&%@&*($#(*&98oComprehensive
10/20/2026https://www.stuvia.com/user/????????????????????"OP@)(@)(*#@(#*@#&*$^&)(*@)$*$(&(Y&*&%Y&*(@)&$(&%*&%*&(&%@&*($#(*&98o
BIOL 230 Microbiology Test 3 Review_ Symbiosis, Pathogens, Immunity, and Infectious Diseases.pdf
How does a biofilm facilitate Biofilms provide a protective environment
contamination and infection? for bacteria, allowing them to adhere to
surfaces, resist antibiotics, and evade the
host's immune system.
What is the difference between Infection is the invasion and multiplication of
infection and disease? pathogens in the body, while disease is the
resulting damage or dysfunction caused by
the infection.
What is etiology? Etiology is the study of the cause or origin
of a disease.
Page 4 of 3110/20/2026https://www.stuvia.com/user/????????????????????"OP@)(@)(*#@(#*@#&*$^&)(*@)$*$(&(Y&*&%Y&*(@)&$(&%*&%*&(&%@&*($#(*&98oComprehensive
Page 4 of 3110/20/2026https://www.stuvia.com/user/????????????????????"OP@)(@)(*#@(#*@#&*$^&)(*@)$*$(&(Y&*&%Y&*(@)&$(&%*&%*&(&%@&*($#(*&98oComprehensive
https://www.stuvia.com/user/????????????????????"OP@)(@)(*#@(#*@#&*$^&)(*@)$*$(&(Y&*&%Y&*(@)&$(&%*&%*&(&%@&*($#(*&98o
BIOL 230 Microbiology
BIOLTest
2303Microbiology
Review_ Symbiosis,
Test 3 Review_
Pathogens,
Symbiosis,
Immunity,
Pathogens,
and Infectious
Immunity,
Diseases.pdf
and Infectious Diseases.pdf10/20/2026, 4:09:33 AM
10/20/2026https://www.stuvia.com/user/????????????????????"OP@)(@)(*#@(#*@#&*$^&)(*@)$*$(&(Y&*&%Y&*(@)&$(&%*&%*&(&%@&*($#(*&98oComprehensive
10/20/2026https://www.stuvia.com/user/????????????????????"OP@)(@)(*#@(#*@#&*$^&)(*@)$*$(&(Y&*&%Y&*(@)&$(&%*&%*&(&%@&*($#(*&98o
BIOL 230 Microbiology Test 3 Review_ Symbiosis, Pathogens, Immunity, and Infectious Diseases.pdf
Test 3 Review: Symbiosis, Pathogens, Immunity, and Infectious Diseases
Study guide
lori41793
Terms in this set (100)
What are the four types of The four types of symbiosis are mutualism
symbiosis? (both species benefit), commensalism (one
species benefits, the other is unaffected),
parasitism (one species benefits at the
expense of the other), and amensalism (one
species is harmed while the other is
unaffected).
Page 1 of 3110/20/2026https://www.stuvia.com/user/????????????????????"OP@)(@)(*#@(#*@#&*$^&)(*@)$*$(&(Y&*&%Y&*(@)&$(&%*&%*&(&%@&*($#(*&98oComprehensive
Page 1 of 3110/20/2026https://www.stuvia.com/user/????????????????????"OP@)(@)(*#@(#*@#&*$^&)(*@)$*$(&(Y&*&%Y&*(@)&$(&%*&%*&(&%@&*($#(*&98oComprehensive
https://www.stuvia.com/user/????????????????????"OP@)(@)(*#@(#*@#&*$^&)(*@)$*$(&(Y&*&%Y&*(@)&$(&%*&%*&(&%@&*($#(*&98o
BIOL 230 Microbiology
BIOLTest
2303Microbiology
Review_ Symbiosis,
Test 3 Review_
Pathogens,
Symbiosis,
Immunity,
Pathogens,
and Infectious
Immunity,
Diseases.pdf
and Infectious Diseases.pdf10/20/2026, 4:09:33 AM
,https://www.stuvia.com/user/????????????????????"OP@)(@)(*#@(#*@#&*$^&)(*@)$*$(&(Y&*&%Y&*(@)&$(&%*&%*&(&%@&*($#(*&98o
10/20/2026https://www.stuvia.com/user/????????????????????"OP@)(@)(*#@(#*@#&*$^&)(*@)$*$(&(Y&*&%Y&*(@)&$(&%*&%*&(&%@&*($#(*&98oComprehensive
10/20/2026https://www.stuvia.com/user/????????????????????"OP@)(@)(*#@(#*@#&*$^&)(*@)$*$(&(Y&*&%Y&*(@)&$(&%*&%*&(&%@&*($#(*&98o
BIOL 230 Microbiology Test 3 Review_ Symbiosis, Pathogens, Immunity, and Infectious Diseases.pdf
What is the relationship among A parasite is an organism that lives on or in a
parasite, host, and pathogen? host and benefits at the host's expense. A
pathogen is a type of parasite that causes
disease in the host.
What is the microbiome? The microbiome is a community of
microorganisms residing in a specific
environment, such as the human body,
which includes resident members
(permanently present) and transient
members (temporarily present).
What conditions create Three conditions include: (1)
opportunities for normal immunocompromised state of the host, (2)
microbiota to cause disease? introduction of normal microbiota to an
unusual site in the body, and (3) changes in
the microbiota composition.
Page 2 of 3110/20/2026https://www.stuvia.com/user/????????????????????"OP@)(@)(*#@(#*@#&*$^&)(*@)$*$(&(Y&*&%Y&*(@)&$(&%*&%*&(&%@&*($#(*&98oComprehensive
Page 2 of 3110/20/2026https://www.stuvia.com/user/????????????????????"OP@)(@)(*#@(#*@#&*$^&)(*@)$*$(&(Y&*&%Y&*(@)&$(&%*&%*&(&%@&*($#(*&98oComprehensive
https://www.stuvia.com/user/????????????????????"OP@)(@)(*#@(#*@#&*$^&)(*@)$*$(&(Y&*&%Y&*(@)&$(&%*&%*&(&%@&*($#(*&98o
BIOL 230 Microbiology
BIOLTest
2303Microbiology
Review_ Symbiosis,
Test 3 Review_
Pathogens,
Symbiosis,
Immunity,
Pathogens,
and Infectious
Immunity,
Diseases.pdf
and Infectious Diseases.pdf10/20/2026, 4:09:33 AM
,https://www.stuvia.com/user/????????????????????"OP@)(@)(*#@(#*@#&*$^&)(*@)$*$(&(Y&*&%Y&*(@)&$(&%*&%*&(&%@&*($#(*&98o
10/20/2026https://www.stuvia.com/user/????????????????????"OP@)(@)(*#@(#*@#&*$^&)(*@)$*$(&(Y&*&%Y&*(@)&$(&%*&%*&(&%@&*($#(*&98oComprehensive
10/20/2026https://www.stuvia.com/user/????????????????????"OP@)(@)(*#@(#*@#&*$^&)(*@)$*$(&(Y&*&%Y&*(@)&$(&%*&%*&(&%@&*($#(*&98o
BIOL 230 Microbiology Test 3 Review_ Symbiosis, Pathogens, Immunity, and Infectious Diseases.pdf
What are the three types of The three types of reservoirs are: (1) humans
reservoirs of infection in (carriers), (2) animals (zoonoses), and (3) the
humans? environment (soil, water).
What is the relationship Contamination refers to the presence of
between contamination and pathogens on a surface or in a substance,
infection? while infection occurs when pathogens
invade and multiply within the host's body.
What are the portals through Common portals include the respiratory
which pathogens invade the tract, gastrointestinal tract, urogenital tract,
body? skin, and mucous membranes.
What are the types of adhesion Adhesion factors include fimbriae, pili, and
factors? biofilms, which help pathogens attach to
host tissues and establish infection.
Page 3 of 3110/20/2026https://www.stuvia.com/user/????????????????????"OP@)(@)(*#@(#*@#&*$^&)(*@)$*$(&(Y&*&%Y&*(@)&$(&%*&%*&(&%@&*($#(*&98oComprehensive
Page 3 of 3110/20/2026https://www.stuvia.com/user/????????????????????"OP@)(@)(*#@(#*@#&*$^&)(*@)$*$(&(Y&*&%Y&*(@)&$(&%*&%*&(&%@&*($#(*&98oComprehensive
https://www.stuvia.com/user/????????????????????"OP@)(@)(*#@(#*@#&*$^&)(*@)$*$(&(Y&*&%Y&*(@)&$(&%*&%*&(&%@&*($#(*&98o
BIOL 230 Microbiology
BIOLTest
2303Microbiology
Review_ Symbiosis,
Test 3 Review_
Pathogens,
Symbiosis,
Immunity,
Pathogens,
and Infectious
Immunity,
Diseases.pdf
and Infectious Diseases.pdf10/20/2026, 4:09:33 AM
, https://www.stuvia.com/user/????????????????????"OP@)(@)(*#@(#*@#&*$^&)(*@)$*$(&(Y&*&%Y&*(@)&$(&%*&%*&(&%@&*($#(*&98o
10/20/2026https://www.stuvia.com/user/????????????????????"OP@)(@)(*#@(#*@#&*$^&)(*@)$*$(&(Y&*&%Y&*(@)&$(&%*&%*&(&%@&*($#(*&98oComprehensive
10/20/2026https://www.stuvia.com/user/????????????????????"OP@)(@)(*#@(#*@#&*$^&)(*@)$*$(&(Y&*&%Y&*(@)&$(&%*&%*&(&%@&*($#(*&98o
BIOL 230 Microbiology Test 3 Review_ Symbiosis, Pathogens, Immunity, and Infectious Diseases.pdf
How does a biofilm facilitate Biofilms provide a protective environment
contamination and infection? for bacteria, allowing them to adhere to
surfaces, resist antibiotics, and evade the
host's immune system.
What is the difference between Infection is the invasion and multiplication of
infection and disease? pathogens in the body, while disease is the
resulting damage or dysfunction caused by
the infection.
What is etiology? Etiology is the study of the cause or origin
of a disease.
Page 4 of 3110/20/2026https://www.stuvia.com/user/????????????????????"OP@)(@)(*#@(#*@#&*$^&)(*@)$*$(&(Y&*&%Y&*(@)&$(&%*&%*&(&%@&*($#(*&98oComprehensive
Page 4 of 3110/20/2026https://www.stuvia.com/user/????????????????????"OP@)(@)(*#@(#*@#&*$^&)(*@)$*$(&(Y&*&%Y&*(@)&$(&%*&%*&(&%@&*($#(*&98oComprehensive
https://www.stuvia.com/user/????????????????????"OP@)(@)(*#@(#*@#&*$^&)(*@)$*$(&(Y&*&%Y&*(@)&$(&%*&%*&(&%@&*($#(*&98o
BIOL 230 Microbiology
BIOLTest
2303Microbiology
Review_ Symbiosis,
Test 3 Review_
Pathogens,
Symbiosis,
Immunity,
Pathogens,
and Infectious
Immunity,
Diseases.pdf
and Infectious Diseases.pdf10/20/2026, 4:09:33 AM
