AQA GCSE BIOLOGY EXAM QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS) Q&A
2027 |INSTANT DOWNLOAD PDF
1. Which structure controls the activities of a typical animal
cell?
A. Cell membrane B. Nucleus C. Cytoplasm D. Ribosome
Correct answer: B. Nucleus
Rationale: The nucleus contains genetic material (DNA) that
controls cell activities.
2. Which organelle is the main site of aerobic respiration?
A. Ribosome B. Chloroplast C. Mitochondrion D. Vacuole
Correct answer: C. Mitochondrion
Rationale: Mitochondria release energy through aerobic
respiration.
3. Which structure is found in plant cells but not animal cells?
A. Cell membrane B. Cytoplasm C. Nucleus D. Cell wall
Correct answer: D. Cell wall
Rationale: Plant cells have cellulose cell walls that provide
support and strength.
4. What is the main function of ribosomes?
,A. Protein synthesis B. Photosynthesis C. Lipid storage D. Waste
removal
Correct answer: A. Protein synthesis
Rationale: Ribosomes join amino acids to make proteins.
5. Which type of cell division produces two genetically
identical daughter cells?
A. Meiosis B. Fertilisation C. Mitosis D. Diffusion
Correct answer: C. Mitosis
Rationale: Mitosis produces two daughter cells with the same
chromosome number and, normally, the same genetic
information.
6. What is the movement of particles from a region of higher
concentration to lower concentration called?
A. Osmosis B. Diffusion C. Active transport D. Respiration
Correct answer: B. Diffusion
Rationale: Diffusion occurs down a concentration gradient due
to the random movement of particles.
7. Which process requires energy to move substances against
a concentration gradient?
A. Diffusion B. Osmosis C. Active transport D. Filtration
Correct answer: C. Active transport
,Rationale: Active transport uses energy to move substances
against their concentration gradient.
8. What is osmosis?
A. Movement of oxygen through the air B. Movement of water
through a partially permeable membrane C. Movement of
proteins out of a cell D. Breakdown of glucose without oxygen
Correct answer: B. Movement of water through a partially
permeable membrane
Rationale: Osmosis is the net movement of water through a
partially permeable membrane from a dilute solution towards a
more concentrated solution.
9. Which instrument is commonly used to observe cells at very
high magnification and resolution?
A. Light microscope B. Hand lens C. Electron microscope D.
Thermometer
Correct answer: C. Electron microscope
Rationale: Electron microscopes can reveal much smaller
structures than conventional light microscopes.
10. A cell image is 20 mm long, and its actual length is 0.02
mm. What is its magnification?
A. ×10 B. ×100 C. ×1,000 D. ×10,000
Correct answer: C. ×1,000
, Rationale: Magnification = image size ÷ actual size = 20 ÷ 0.02 =
1,000.
Topic 2: Cell Specialisation and Transport
11. Which adaptation helps a sperm cell reach an egg?
A. A long tail B. A large cellulose wall C. Many chloroplasts D. A
permanent vacuole
Correct answer: A. A long tail
Rationale: The tail, or flagellum, propels the sperm cell towards
the egg.
12. What is the main function of root hair cells?
A. Producing pollen B. Absorbing water and mineral ions C.
Transporting oxygen in blood D. Producing digestive enzymes
Correct answer: B. Absorbing water and mineral ions
Rationale: Root hair cells have a large surface area for
absorbing water and mineral ions from soil.
13. Which cells transport oxygen around the human body?
A. Platelets B. Neurons C. Red blood cells D. Sperm cells
Correct answer: C. Red blood cells
Rationale: Red blood cells contain haemoglobin, which binds to
oxygen.
14. Why do mature red blood cells lack a nucleus?
CORRECT ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS) Q&A
2027 |INSTANT DOWNLOAD PDF
1. Which structure controls the activities of a typical animal
cell?
A. Cell membrane B. Nucleus C. Cytoplasm D. Ribosome
Correct answer: B. Nucleus
Rationale: The nucleus contains genetic material (DNA) that
controls cell activities.
2. Which organelle is the main site of aerobic respiration?
A. Ribosome B. Chloroplast C. Mitochondrion D. Vacuole
Correct answer: C. Mitochondrion
Rationale: Mitochondria release energy through aerobic
respiration.
3. Which structure is found in plant cells but not animal cells?
A. Cell membrane B. Cytoplasm C. Nucleus D. Cell wall
Correct answer: D. Cell wall
Rationale: Plant cells have cellulose cell walls that provide
support and strength.
4. What is the main function of ribosomes?
,A. Protein synthesis B. Photosynthesis C. Lipid storage D. Waste
removal
Correct answer: A. Protein synthesis
Rationale: Ribosomes join amino acids to make proteins.
5. Which type of cell division produces two genetically
identical daughter cells?
A. Meiosis B. Fertilisation C. Mitosis D. Diffusion
Correct answer: C. Mitosis
Rationale: Mitosis produces two daughter cells with the same
chromosome number and, normally, the same genetic
information.
6. What is the movement of particles from a region of higher
concentration to lower concentration called?
A. Osmosis B. Diffusion C. Active transport D. Respiration
Correct answer: B. Diffusion
Rationale: Diffusion occurs down a concentration gradient due
to the random movement of particles.
7. Which process requires energy to move substances against
a concentration gradient?
A. Diffusion B. Osmosis C. Active transport D. Filtration
Correct answer: C. Active transport
,Rationale: Active transport uses energy to move substances
against their concentration gradient.
8. What is osmosis?
A. Movement of oxygen through the air B. Movement of water
through a partially permeable membrane C. Movement of
proteins out of a cell D. Breakdown of glucose without oxygen
Correct answer: B. Movement of water through a partially
permeable membrane
Rationale: Osmosis is the net movement of water through a
partially permeable membrane from a dilute solution towards a
more concentrated solution.
9. Which instrument is commonly used to observe cells at very
high magnification and resolution?
A. Light microscope B. Hand lens C. Electron microscope D.
Thermometer
Correct answer: C. Electron microscope
Rationale: Electron microscopes can reveal much smaller
structures than conventional light microscopes.
10. A cell image is 20 mm long, and its actual length is 0.02
mm. What is its magnification?
A. ×10 B. ×100 C. ×1,000 D. ×10,000
Correct answer: C. ×1,000
, Rationale: Magnification = image size ÷ actual size = 20 ÷ 0.02 =
1,000.
Topic 2: Cell Specialisation and Transport
11. Which adaptation helps a sperm cell reach an egg?
A. A long tail B. A large cellulose wall C. Many chloroplasts D. A
permanent vacuole
Correct answer: A. A long tail
Rationale: The tail, or flagellum, propels the sperm cell towards
the egg.
12. What is the main function of root hair cells?
A. Producing pollen B. Absorbing water and mineral ions C.
Transporting oxygen in blood D. Producing digestive enzymes
Correct answer: B. Absorbing water and mineral ions
Rationale: Root hair cells have a large surface area for
absorbing water and mineral ions from soil.
13. Which cells transport oxygen around the human body?
A. Platelets B. Neurons C. Red blood cells D. Sperm cells
Correct answer: C. Red blood cells
Rationale: Red blood cells contain haemoglobin, which binds to
oxygen.
14. Why do mature red blood cells lack a nucleus?
