EXAM 4 FINAL STUDY GUIDE (BIO) UPDATED ACTUAL
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
Question 1.
If a DNA molecule contains 10% guanosine, how much cytosine will it contain?
ANSWER
10%
Question 2.
During this process, RNA polymerase synthesizes a molecule of RNA using DNA as a template
ANSWER
transcription
Question 3.
A process that often silences mRNA expression is
ANSWER
methylation
Question 4.
What % of DNA in a cell encodes for functional proteins?
ANSWER
1%
Question 5.
In gel electrophoresis, what causes the DNA fragments to move across the gel at different speeds?
ANSWER
The size of the fragments
, Question 6.
Vestigial structures
ANSWER
Non-functional structure left over from an organism's evolutionary past
Question 7.
Natural selection, as a mechanism of evolution that acts on variants within populations and ultimately
leads to the evolution of different species, was proposed by
ANSWER
Darwin
Question 8.
Beadle and Tatum's experiments in Neurospora crassa used X-rays to create four different fungus
strains that needed extra metabolites in the arginine pathway. What is the best conclusion from their
experiments with regard to the fact that they found strains that were compensated by addition or
either ornithine, citruline, arginosuccinate, or arginine (dependent on which mutant it was)
ANSWER
There were four different genes that were involved in the creation of arginine, each acting at a
different step, each of which was mutated in a different strain of fungus.
Question 9.
Which statement is NOT correct with regard to the roles of E, P, and A sites during translation?
ANSWER
The A site where the growing peptide sequence is covalently attached to the ribosome.
Question 10.
A biotechnology lab engineers bacteria to make human insulin. How would this be accomplished?
ANSWER
human insulin genes are inserted into bacteria.
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
Question 1.
If a DNA molecule contains 10% guanosine, how much cytosine will it contain?
ANSWER
10%
Question 2.
During this process, RNA polymerase synthesizes a molecule of RNA using DNA as a template
ANSWER
transcription
Question 3.
A process that often silences mRNA expression is
ANSWER
methylation
Question 4.
What % of DNA in a cell encodes for functional proteins?
ANSWER
1%
Question 5.
In gel electrophoresis, what causes the DNA fragments to move across the gel at different speeds?
ANSWER
The size of the fragments
, Question 6.
Vestigial structures
ANSWER
Non-functional structure left over from an organism's evolutionary past
Question 7.
Natural selection, as a mechanism of evolution that acts on variants within populations and ultimately
leads to the evolution of different species, was proposed by
ANSWER
Darwin
Question 8.
Beadle and Tatum's experiments in Neurospora crassa used X-rays to create four different fungus
strains that needed extra metabolites in the arginine pathway. What is the best conclusion from their
experiments with regard to the fact that they found strains that were compensated by addition or
either ornithine, citruline, arginosuccinate, or arginine (dependent on which mutant it was)
ANSWER
There were four different genes that were involved in the creation of arginine, each acting at a
different step, each of which was mutated in a different strain of fungus.
Question 9.
Which statement is NOT correct with regard to the roles of E, P, and A sites during translation?
ANSWER
The A site where the growing peptide sequence is covalently attached to the ribosome.
Question 10.
A biotechnology lab engineers bacteria to make human insulin. How would this be accomplished?
ANSWER
human insulin genes are inserted into bacteria.
