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Fundamentals of Nursing (1–15)
1. A nurse is preparing to administer a bed bath to a client. Which action should the nurse
take first?
A. Gather all supplies
B. Perform hand hygiene
C. Raise the bed to the highest position
D. Close the curtains
Answer: B. Hand hygiene is always the first step before client contact.
2. A client is on bed rest. Which intervention best prevents pressure ulcers?
A. Massage reddened areas
B. Reposition every 2 hours
C. Keep the head of the bed at 90 degrees
D. Limit fluid intake
Answer: B. Repositioning at least every 2 hours relieves pressure.
3. A nurse notes a client's IV site is cool, pale, and swollen. What should the nurse do first?
A. Apply a warm compress
B. Stop the infusion and remove the IV
C. Increase the flow rate
D. Document and continue monitoring
Answer: B. These are signs of infiltration; stop the infusion and remove the IV.
4. Which finding indicates a client is dehydrated?
A. Urine specific gravity 1.005
B. Moist mucous membranes
C. Poor skin turgor
D. Clear, pale urine
Answer: C. Poor skin turgor indicates dehydration.
5. A nurse is teaching a client about a low-sodium diet. Which food should the client avoid?
A. Fresh apples
B. Canned soup
C. Brown rice
D. Grilled chicken
Answer: B. Canned soup is high in sodium.
6. The nurse is caring for a client with a new colostomy. Which stoma appearance is normal?
A. Pale and dry
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B. Dark purple
C. Pink and moist
D. Black and firm
Answer: C. A healthy stoma is pink to red and moist.
7. A client refuses a prescribed medication. What should the nurse do?
A. Hide it in food
B. Document the refusal and notify the provider
C. Force the client to take it
D. Skip documentation
Answer: B. Respect the client's right to refuse and document/notify.
8. Which is the correct order for donning PPE?
A. Gloves, gown, mask, goggles
B. Gown, mask, goggles, gloves
C. Mask, gloves, gown, goggles
D. Goggles, gloves, mask, gown
Answer: B. Gown → mask → goggles → gloves.
9. A nurse is measuring intake and output. Which item should be recorded as intake?
A. Vomitus
B. IV fluids
C. Urine
D. Wound drainage
Answer: B. IV fluids count as intake.
10. A client has an order for NPO. What should the nurse do?
A. Give ice chips
B. Withhold all food and fluids
C. Give clear liquids only
D. Allow small sips of water
Answer: B. NPO means nothing by mouth.
11. Which action best prevents infection transmission?
A. Wearing jewelry
B. Hand hygiene
C. Reusing gloves
D. Sharing stethoscopes
Answer: B. Hand hygiene is the single most effective prevention measure.
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12. A client reports difficulty breathing. What is the priority nursing action?
A. Check blood pressure
B. Assess airway and breathing
C. Offer water
D. Document
Answer: B. Airway and breathing come first.
13. A nurse is assisting a client with ambulation. Which action is correct?
A. Walk ahead of the client
B. Stand on the client's weaker side
C. Let the client use a walker alone
D. Keep the bed high
Answer: B. Stand on the weaker side for support.
14. Which is a sign of a wound infection?
A. Pink wound edges
B. Clear drainage
C. Warm, reddened area with purulent drainage
D. Decreased pain
Answer: C. Warmth, redness, and purulent drainage suggest infection.
15. A nurse is teaching a client about fall prevention. Which statement shows
understanding?
A. "I'll use the call light before getting up."
B. "I'll walk alone at night."
C. "I don't need my glasses."
D. "I'll keep the floor wet."
Answer: A. Calling for help before getting up prevents falls.
Pharmacology (16–30)
16. A nurse is about to give digoxin. The apical pulse is 52. What should the nurse do?
A. Give the dose
B. Hold the dose and notify the provider
C. Give half the dose
D. Recheck in 8 hours
Answer: B. Hold if pulse is below 60 in adults.
17. Which medication should be given with food to prevent GI upset?
A. Levothyroxine
Fundamentals of Nursing (1–15)
1. A nurse is preparing to administer a bed bath to a client. Which action should the nurse
take first?
A. Gather all supplies
B. Perform hand hygiene
C. Raise the bed to the highest position
D. Close the curtains
Answer: B. Hand hygiene is always the first step before client contact.
2. A client is on bed rest. Which intervention best prevents pressure ulcers?
A. Massage reddened areas
B. Reposition every 2 hours
C. Keep the head of the bed at 90 degrees
D. Limit fluid intake
Answer: B. Repositioning at least every 2 hours relieves pressure.
3. A nurse notes a client's IV site is cool, pale, and swollen. What should the nurse do first?
A. Apply a warm compress
B. Stop the infusion and remove the IV
C. Increase the flow rate
D. Document and continue monitoring
Answer: B. These are signs of infiltration; stop the infusion and remove the IV.
4. Which finding indicates a client is dehydrated?
A. Urine specific gravity 1.005
B. Moist mucous membranes
C. Poor skin turgor
D. Clear, pale urine
Answer: C. Poor skin turgor indicates dehydration.
5. A nurse is teaching a client about a low-sodium diet. Which food should the client avoid?
A. Fresh apples
B. Canned soup
C. Brown rice
D. Grilled chicken
Answer: B. Canned soup is high in sodium.
6. The nurse is caring for a client with a new colostomy. Which stoma appearance is normal?
A. Pale and dry
, 2
B. Dark purple
C. Pink and moist
D. Black and firm
Answer: C. A healthy stoma is pink to red and moist.
7. A client refuses a prescribed medication. What should the nurse do?
A. Hide it in food
B. Document the refusal and notify the provider
C. Force the client to take it
D. Skip documentation
Answer: B. Respect the client's right to refuse and document/notify.
8. Which is the correct order for donning PPE?
A. Gloves, gown, mask, goggles
B. Gown, mask, goggles, gloves
C. Mask, gloves, gown, goggles
D. Goggles, gloves, mask, gown
Answer: B. Gown → mask → goggles → gloves.
9. A nurse is measuring intake and output. Which item should be recorded as intake?
A. Vomitus
B. IV fluids
C. Urine
D. Wound drainage
Answer: B. IV fluids count as intake.
10. A client has an order for NPO. What should the nurse do?
A. Give ice chips
B. Withhold all food and fluids
C. Give clear liquids only
D. Allow small sips of water
Answer: B. NPO means nothing by mouth.
11. Which action best prevents infection transmission?
A. Wearing jewelry
B. Hand hygiene
C. Reusing gloves
D. Sharing stethoscopes
Answer: B. Hand hygiene is the single most effective prevention measure.
, 3
12. A client reports difficulty breathing. What is the priority nursing action?
A. Check blood pressure
B. Assess airway and breathing
C. Offer water
D. Document
Answer: B. Airway and breathing come first.
13. A nurse is assisting a client with ambulation. Which action is correct?
A. Walk ahead of the client
B. Stand on the client's weaker side
C. Let the client use a walker alone
D. Keep the bed high
Answer: B. Stand on the weaker side for support.
14. Which is a sign of a wound infection?
A. Pink wound edges
B. Clear drainage
C. Warm, reddened area with purulent drainage
D. Decreased pain
Answer: C. Warmth, redness, and purulent drainage suggest infection.
15. A nurse is teaching a client about fall prevention. Which statement shows
understanding?
A. "I'll use the call light before getting up."
B. "I'll walk alone at night."
C. "I don't need my glasses."
D. "I'll keep the floor wet."
Answer: A. Calling for help before getting up prevents falls.
Pharmacology (16–30)
16. A nurse is about to give digoxin. The apical pulse is 52. What should the nurse do?
A. Give the dose
B. Hold the dose and notify the provider
C. Give half the dose
D. Recheck in 8 hours
Answer: B. Hold if pulse is below 60 in adults.
17. Which medication should be given with food to prevent GI upset?
A. Levothyroxine
