Comprehensive IV Therapy & Electrolyte Balance for NCLEX-PN questions and answers 100%
verified
What populations are at risk for fluid volume deficit? - -Very young, elderly, and obese
individuals.
What are the two main types of transport mechanisms for fluids? - -Active transport and
passive transport (diffusion, osmosis, filtration).
What is homeostasis in relation to body fluids? - -The process of keeping body fluids in
balance through intake, output, and the thirst mechanism.
What is the normal urine output per hour that indicates adequate kidney function? - -A
minimum of 30 mL/hr.
What percentage of body fluid is intracellular fluid (ICF)? - -66% of total body fluid.
What is the primary role of osmoreceptors in the hypothalamus? - -To detect increased
blood solute concentration and trigger thirst.
What is the definition of isotonic solutions? - -Solutions that have the same
concentration as body fluid, causing no fluid shift.
What are the effects of hypotonic solutions on cells? - -Water shifts into cells, causing
them to swell and possibly burst.
What is the effect of hypertonic solutions on cells? - -They pull water out of cells, causing
them to shrink.
, What is the maximum percentage of fluid loss that is serious for adults? - -10% fluid loss
is serious; 20% is fatal.
What is the significance of urine specific gravity readings? - -A reading > 1.030 indicates
dehydration, while < 1.003 indicates overhydration.
What are the indications for administering isotonic fluids? - -Fluid maintenance,
replacement of extracellular fluid, mild hypotension from hypovolemia, and hydration for NPO
patients.
What is the role of buffers in acid-base balance? - -Buffers help maintain pH balance in
the body by neutralizing acids and bases.
What are the four primary acid-base imbalances? - -Acidosis, alkalosis, respiratory
acidosis, and metabolic alkalosis.
What is the purpose of IV therapy according to the Louisiana LPN scope? - -To initiate and
maintain peripheral IV access, administer IV fluids and medications, and monitor patient
response.
What are the risks associated with hypertonic solutions? - -Fluid overload and pulmonary
edema.
What is the recommended daily fluid intake for adults? - -~2200-2700 mL/day.
What is the definition of filtration in the context of fluid movement? - -Movement of
water and solutes from high to low pressure (hydrostatic pressure).
verified
What populations are at risk for fluid volume deficit? - -Very young, elderly, and obese
individuals.
What are the two main types of transport mechanisms for fluids? - -Active transport and
passive transport (diffusion, osmosis, filtration).
What is homeostasis in relation to body fluids? - -The process of keeping body fluids in
balance through intake, output, and the thirst mechanism.
What is the normal urine output per hour that indicates adequate kidney function? - -A
minimum of 30 mL/hr.
What percentage of body fluid is intracellular fluid (ICF)? - -66% of total body fluid.
What is the primary role of osmoreceptors in the hypothalamus? - -To detect increased
blood solute concentration and trigger thirst.
What is the definition of isotonic solutions? - -Solutions that have the same
concentration as body fluid, causing no fluid shift.
What are the effects of hypotonic solutions on cells? - -Water shifts into cells, causing
them to swell and possibly burst.
What is the effect of hypertonic solutions on cells? - -They pull water out of cells, causing
them to shrink.
, What is the maximum percentage of fluid loss that is serious for adults? - -10% fluid loss
is serious; 20% is fatal.
What is the significance of urine specific gravity readings? - -A reading > 1.030 indicates
dehydration, while < 1.003 indicates overhydration.
What are the indications for administering isotonic fluids? - -Fluid maintenance,
replacement of extracellular fluid, mild hypotension from hypovolemia, and hydration for NPO
patients.
What is the role of buffers in acid-base balance? - -Buffers help maintain pH balance in
the body by neutralizing acids and bases.
What are the four primary acid-base imbalances? - -Acidosis, alkalosis, respiratory
acidosis, and metabolic alkalosis.
What is the purpose of IV therapy according to the Louisiana LPN scope? - -To initiate and
maintain peripheral IV access, administer IV fluids and medications, and monitor patient
response.
What are the risks associated with hypertonic solutions? - -Fluid overload and pulmonary
edema.
What is the recommended daily fluid intake for adults? - -~2200-2700 mL/day.
What is the definition of filtration in the context of fluid movement? - -Movement of
water and solutes from high to low pressure (hydrostatic pressure).
