ENTRANCE EXAM SEMMELWEIS UPDATED ACTUAL
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
Question 1.
Electron configuration for cations
ANSWER
Subtract 1 from exponent of highest n-value orbital (ex. remove from 4s before 3d)
Ag+ = [Kr]5s^1 4d^9
Question 2.
Electron configuration for anions
ANSWER
Add 1 to closest orbital
Cl- = [Ne]3s^2 3p^6
Question 3.
Atomic orbitals
ANSWER
s, p, d, f
Question 4.
Primary vs secondary structures of proteins
ANSWER
Primary - AA chain (linked by peptide bonds)
Secondary - stabilized by non-covalent bonds (alpha helices & beta sheets)
Question 5.
Most bonds in organic compounds are
ANSWER
covalent
,Question 6.
Properties of water
ANSWER
1. polar
2. capable of adhesion and cohesion
3. high heat capacity (so it's hard to raise its temp)
4. great solvent
5. high heat of vaporization (allows humans to cool off via sweat)
6. water is less dense as a solid than a liquid
Question 7.
Intermolecular forces of water
ANSWER
hydrogen bonding
Question 8.
Solution components
ANSWER
1. solvent (product being dissolved)
2. solute (medium for dissolving solvent)
Question 9.
Molarity
ANSWER
the number of moles of solute per liter of solution
,Question 10.
Solubility rules
ANSWER
SOLUBLE 1. alkali metals (group 1) & NH4+ cations
2. NO3- or CH3COO- anions
3. Cl, Br, I (except when bonded to Ag+, Pb2+ or Hg2+)
4. sulfate ions (except when with Ca2+, Sr2+, Ba2+, Pb2+)
INSOLUBLE 1. Metal oxides (except CaO, SrO, BaO)
2. Hydroxides (except when with Ca2+, Sr2+, Ba2+)
3. Carbonates, phosphates, sulfides, and sulfites (unless bound to alkali metal or NH4+)
Question 11.
Solubility product
ANSWER
Ksp = [A]^a[B]^b
**only products because we don't include solids in the equilibrium expression
for NaCl
- Ksp = x^2
for PbCl2
- Ksp = 4x^3
for Cr(OH)3
- Ksp = 27x^4
Question 12.
Large Ksp means
ANSWER
strong electrolyte (more soluble)
, Question 13.
Strong acids
ANSWER
So I brought no clean clothes
1. H2SO4
2. HI
3. HBr
4. HNO3
5. HCl
6. HClO4
7. HClO3
Question 14.
Strong bases
ANSWER
1. NaOH
2. LiOH
3. KOH
4. CsOH
5. RbOH
6. Ba(OH)2
7. Ca(OH)2
8. Sr(OH)2
Bases can certainly look pleasing (K), really something strong (Na)
Question 15.
Le Chatlier's principle: pressure
ANSWER
pressure applied (or volume reduced) --> equilibrium proceeds in direction with fewer moles
pressure removed (or volume increased) --> equilibrium proceeds in direction with more moles
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
Question 1.
Electron configuration for cations
ANSWER
Subtract 1 from exponent of highest n-value orbital (ex. remove from 4s before 3d)
Ag+ = [Kr]5s^1 4d^9
Question 2.
Electron configuration for anions
ANSWER
Add 1 to closest orbital
Cl- = [Ne]3s^2 3p^6
Question 3.
Atomic orbitals
ANSWER
s, p, d, f
Question 4.
Primary vs secondary structures of proteins
ANSWER
Primary - AA chain (linked by peptide bonds)
Secondary - stabilized by non-covalent bonds (alpha helices & beta sheets)
Question 5.
Most bonds in organic compounds are
ANSWER
covalent
,Question 6.
Properties of water
ANSWER
1. polar
2. capable of adhesion and cohesion
3. high heat capacity (so it's hard to raise its temp)
4. great solvent
5. high heat of vaporization (allows humans to cool off via sweat)
6. water is less dense as a solid than a liquid
Question 7.
Intermolecular forces of water
ANSWER
hydrogen bonding
Question 8.
Solution components
ANSWER
1. solvent (product being dissolved)
2. solute (medium for dissolving solvent)
Question 9.
Molarity
ANSWER
the number of moles of solute per liter of solution
,Question 10.
Solubility rules
ANSWER
SOLUBLE 1. alkali metals (group 1) & NH4+ cations
2. NO3- or CH3COO- anions
3. Cl, Br, I (except when bonded to Ag+, Pb2+ or Hg2+)
4. sulfate ions (except when with Ca2+, Sr2+, Ba2+, Pb2+)
INSOLUBLE 1. Metal oxides (except CaO, SrO, BaO)
2. Hydroxides (except when with Ca2+, Sr2+, Ba2+)
3. Carbonates, phosphates, sulfides, and sulfites (unless bound to alkali metal or NH4+)
Question 11.
Solubility product
ANSWER
Ksp = [A]^a[B]^b
**only products because we don't include solids in the equilibrium expression
for NaCl
- Ksp = x^2
for PbCl2
- Ksp = 4x^3
for Cr(OH)3
- Ksp = 27x^4
Question 12.
Large Ksp means
ANSWER
strong electrolyte (more soluble)
, Question 13.
Strong acids
ANSWER
So I brought no clean clothes
1. H2SO4
2. HI
3. HBr
4. HNO3
5. HCl
6. HClO4
7. HClO3
Question 14.
Strong bases
ANSWER
1. NaOH
2. LiOH
3. KOH
4. CsOH
5. RbOH
6. Ba(OH)2
7. Ca(OH)2
8. Sr(OH)2
Bases can certainly look pleasing (K), really something strong (Na)
Question 15.
Le Chatlier's principle: pressure
ANSWER
pressure applied (or volume reduced) --> equilibrium proceeds in direction with fewer moles
pressure removed (or volume increased) --> equilibrium proceeds in direction with more moles
