DHN 101 Exam 3 — Original
Practice Questions with
answers (1–100)
Section 1: Cancer Biology and
Cellular Growth (1–15)
1. An agent that is cancer-causing is said to be:
A) Mutagenic
B) Teratogenic
C) Carcinogenic
D) Pathogenic
Answer: C — Carcinogenic agents cause cancer by inducing cellular changes and DNA
damage .
2. Cancerous cells that divide repeatedly and frequently and do not die are called:
A) Benign
B) Malignant
C) Apoptotic
D) Necrotic
Answer: B — Malignant cells are characterized by uncontrolled division and evasion of
apoptosis .
3. If these cells grow together to form masses that invade body tissues and metastasize, the
masses are called:
A) Benign tumors
B) Malignant tumors
C) Polyps
D) Cysts
Answer: B — Malignant tumors invade nearby tissues and spread to distant sites .
4. Some cells multiply excessively and form ______ which are not cancerous:
A) Malignant tumors
B) Benign tumors
C) Sarcomas
,D) Carcinomas
Answer: B — Benign tumors are non-cancerous growths that do not invade or metastasize .
5. Which of the following lifestyle choices is the primary cause of preventable cancer deaths
in the United States?
A) Poor diet
B) Smoking cigarettes
C) Lack of exercise
D) Alcohol consumption
Answer: B — Smoking cigarettes is the primary cause of preventable cancer deaths in the
U.S. .
6. Cancer is characterized by:
A) Controlled cell division
B) Uncontrolled cell division and loss of normal cell function
C) Decreased cell division
D) Normal cell death
Answer: B — Cancer involves uncontrolled cell proliferation.
7. Metastasis refers to:
A) The initial formation of a tumor
B) The spread of cancer cells from the primary site to distant sites
C) The death of cancer cells
D) The shrinking of a tumor
Answer: B — Metastasis is the spread of cancer to distant organs.
8. A benign tumor differs from a malignant tumor in that a benign tumor:
A) Invades surrounding tissue
B) Metastasizes to distant sites
C) Remains localized and does not spread
D) Grows rapidly and uncontrollably
Answer: C — Benign tumors remain localized .
9. Which of the following is a risk factor for cancer?
A) Regular exercise
B) Tobacco use
C) High fiber intake
D) Adequate vitamin D
Answer: B — Tobacco use is a major cancer risk factor.
10. The term "carcinogen" refers to:
A) A cancer-fighting agent
B) A cancer-causing agent
C) A benign tumor
, D) A type of chemotherapy
Answer: B — Carcinogens cause cancer .
11. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of cancer cells?
A) Uncontrolled division
B) Evasion of apoptosis
C) Normal cell cycle regulation
D) Ability to invade tissues
Answer: C — Cancer cells have lost normal cell cycle regulation.
12. A tumor that has not invaded surrounding tissue is classified as:
A) Malignant
B) Metastatic
C) Benign
D) Invasive
Answer: C — Benign tumors do not invade .
13. Which nutrient is thought to have antioxidant properties that may reduce cancer risk?
A) Vitamin E
B) Sodium
C) Cholesterol
D) Saturated fat
Answer: A — Vitamin E has antioxidant functions .
14. The process by which normal cells become cancer cells is called:
A) Apoptosis
B) Carcinogenesis
C) Metastasis
D) Necrosis
Answer: B — Carcinogenesis is the process of cancer development.
15. Which of the following is a common sign or symptom of cancer?
A) Unexplained weight loss
B) Increased energy
C) Improved appetite
D) Decreased pain
Answer: A — Unexplained weight loss is a common cancer symptom.
Section 2: Vitamin D Synthesis and Metabolism (16–30)
16. Which of the following factors results in LESS vitamin D synthesis?
A) Summer months compared to winter months
B) Southern latitudes compared to northern latitudes
C) Older persons compared to younger persons
Practice Questions with
answers (1–100)
Section 1: Cancer Biology and
Cellular Growth (1–15)
1. An agent that is cancer-causing is said to be:
A) Mutagenic
B) Teratogenic
C) Carcinogenic
D) Pathogenic
Answer: C — Carcinogenic agents cause cancer by inducing cellular changes and DNA
damage .
2. Cancerous cells that divide repeatedly and frequently and do not die are called:
A) Benign
B) Malignant
C) Apoptotic
D) Necrotic
Answer: B — Malignant cells are characterized by uncontrolled division and evasion of
apoptosis .
3. If these cells grow together to form masses that invade body tissues and metastasize, the
masses are called:
A) Benign tumors
B) Malignant tumors
C) Polyps
D) Cysts
Answer: B — Malignant tumors invade nearby tissues and spread to distant sites .
4. Some cells multiply excessively and form ______ which are not cancerous:
A) Malignant tumors
B) Benign tumors
C) Sarcomas
,D) Carcinomas
Answer: B — Benign tumors are non-cancerous growths that do not invade or metastasize .
5. Which of the following lifestyle choices is the primary cause of preventable cancer deaths
in the United States?
A) Poor diet
B) Smoking cigarettes
C) Lack of exercise
D) Alcohol consumption
Answer: B — Smoking cigarettes is the primary cause of preventable cancer deaths in the
U.S. .
6. Cancer is characterized by:
A) Controlled cell division
B) Uncontrolled cell division and loss of normal cell function
C) Decreased cell division
D) Normal cell death
Answer: B — Cancer involves uncontrolled cell proliferation.
7. Metastasis refers to:
A) The initial formation of a tumor
B) The spread of cancer cells from the primary site to distant sites
C) The death of cancer cells
D) The shrinking of a tumor
Answer: B — Metastasis is the spread of cancer to distant organs.
8. A benign tumor differs from a malignant tumor in that a benign tumor:
A) Invades surrounding tissue
B) Metastasizes to distant sites
C) Remains localized and does not spread
D) Grows rapidly and uncontrollably
Answer: C — Benign tumors remain localized .
9. Which of the following is a risk factor for cancer?
A) Regular exercise
B) Tobacco use
C) High fiber intake
D) Adequate vitamin D
Answer: B — Tobacco use is a major cancer risk factor.
10. The term "carcinogen" refers to:
A) A cancer-fighting agent
B) A cancer-causing agent
C) A benign tumor
, D) A type of chemotherapy
Answer: B — Carcinogens cause cancer .
11. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of cancer cells?
A) Uncontrolled division
B) Evasion of apoptosis
C) Normal cell cycle regulation
D) Ability to invade tissues
Answer: C — Cancer cells have lost normal cell cycle regulation.
12. A tumor that has not invaded surrounding tissue is classified as:
A) Malignant
B) Metastatic
C) Benign
D) Invasive
Answer: C — Benign tumors do not invade .
13. Which nutrient is thought to have antioxidant properties that may reduce cancer risk?
A) Vitamin E
B) Sodium
C) Cholesterol
D) Saturated fat
Answer: A — Vitamin E has antioxidant functions .
14. The process by which normal cells become cancer cells is called:
A) Apoptosis
B) Carcinogenesis
C) Metastasis
D) Necrosis
Answer: B — Carcinogenesis is the process of cancer development.
15. Which of the following is a common sign or symptom of cancer?
A) Unexplained weight loss
B) Increased energy
C) Improved appetite
D) Decreased pain
Answer: A — Unexplained weight loss is a common cancer symptom.
Section 2: Vitamin D Synthesis and Metabolism (16–30)
16. Which of the following factors results in LESS vitamin D synthesis?
A) Summer months compared to winter months
B) Southern latitudes compared to northern latitudes
C) Older persons compared to younger persons
