PSYCHOLOGY 2024
Contents
Chapter 1: Psychology as a Discipline................................................................................2
Exploring the scope of psychology..................................................................................2
Marshmallow & self-control.......................................................................................... 6
Psychology as a science.................................................................................................. 7
Multiple perspectives in modern psychology – History of Psychology...........................18
Chapter 2: Conducting Research in Psychology...............................................................24
Chapter 5: Judgment & Decision Making..........................................................................29
Terminology..................................................................................................................... 34
Chapter 1&2.................................................................................................................. 34
Chapter 5...................................................................................................................... 38
,CHAPTER 1: PSYCHOLOGY AS A DISCIPLINE
EXPLORING THE SCOPE OF PSYCHOLOGY
Movies: about mental disorders
However, psychology is not:
- All bout mental disorders and therapy
- Focused solely on diagnosing and treating mental problems
- You can prevent problems from being huge
BURN OUT
- We hear this often.
- Due to stress
o Physical and mental exhaustion
o Cynical about the jobs, the meaning behind them
o Reduce self-efficacy = feeling that people are not capable of doing the job
anymore (goes above their knowledge, and capacity, they feel very small)
We need more positive
psychology.
- What do you have/your
copy mechanism?
- How can we take people
from being mentally okay
(blue) to FLOURISHING
(green)?
- How can we take people
from LANGUISHING to
being MENTALLY WELL?
POSITIVE PSYCHOLOGY = Is the scientific study of optimal functioning and well-being,
also known as the science of flourishing, happiness, strengths, resilience, positivity and
optimism. The field was established in the late 1990s as a reaction to the prevailing
direction that psychology had taken with its focus on studying the negative aspects of
our minds, behaviour and lives. Research had neglected the other side of the equation –
what makes us happy, the ingredients of a good life, our strengths & talents and how to
increase well-being, play to our strengths, and thrive in our personal and professional
lives. Positive psychology studies all of these elements, which can be summed up as
what it takes for us to feel good and function well so that we flourish. ~ Martin E. P
Seligman
, - we all are going to have weird/negative things happening in our lives
- studying the negative parts of our lives
- what are the strengths and how do we increase them
What are the fundamental ingredients to flourish in life?
- HEALTHY RELATIONSHIPS (social aspects)
WELL-BEING THEORY, PERMA MODEL
- RELATIONSHIPS = Together
we make fun (ex. telling a
joke)
o Having a shoulder to
cry on/supporting
people (support
network)
o Relationships are often
linked to positive
emotions (jokes)
o Low self-esteem ->
negative emotions/we
are most harsh to
ourselves, being more
soft to yourself is needed
- ACHIEVEMENT/GOALS = make u feel better about yourself they build up your
self-esteem and make you want to search for new things
o Not feeling stuck/developing -> needing success
o How do we achieve achievement? By engagement/focus, u need to set
your mind to it, to develop it further
- ENGAGEMENT = sticking to something, quitting stuff that doesn't value your
goals in life even though they don't serve u in life, not sticking to things that get u
nowhere/where there is no progress
- POSITIVE EMOTIONS = Good health (good sleep); u will start with negative
emotions if you don't get enough sleep
- MEANING = can be religious/ purpose in life -> backbone, if it's not meaningful
'why am I doing this'
- VITALITY = physical health
More in psychology than mental health & well-being
- Clinical and counselling psychologists
- School psychologists
- Sports psychologists
- Forensic psychologists
- Health psychologists
- Human factors engineers
- Consumer psychologists
- Industrial and organizational psychologists
= domains in applied psychology
,
Contents
Chapter 1: Psychology as a Discipline................................................................................2
Exploring the scope of psychology..................................................................................2
Marshmallow & self-control.......................................................................................... 6
Psychology as a science.................................................................................................. 7
Multiple perspectives in modern psychology – History of Psychology...........................18
Chapter 2: Conducting Research in Psychology...............................................................24
Chapter 5: Judgment & Decision Making..........................................................................29
Terminology..................................................................................................................... 34
Chapter 1&2.................................................................................................................. 34
Chapter 5...................................................................................................................... 38
,CHAPTER 1: PSYCHOLOGY AS A DISCIPLINE
EXPLORING THE SCOPE OF PSYCHOLOGY
Movies: about mental disorders
However, psychology is not:
- All bout mental disorders and therapy
- Focused solely on diagnosing and treating mental problems
- You can prevent problems from being huge
BURN OUT
- We hear this often.
- Due to stress
o Physical and mental exhaustion
o Cynical about the jobs, the meaning behind them
o Reduce self-efficacy = feeling that people are not capable of doing the job
anymore (goes above their knowledge, and capacity, they feel very small)
We need more positive
psychology.
- What do you have/your
copy mechanism?
- How can we take people
from being mentally okay
(blue) to FLOURISHING
(green)?
- How can we take people
from LANGUISHING to
being MENTALLY WELL?
POSITIVE PSYCHOLOGY = Is the scientific study of optimal functioning and well-being,
also known as the science of flourishing, happiness, strengths, resilience, positivity and
optimism. The field was established in the late 1990s as a reaction to the prevailing
direction that psychology had taken with its focus on studying the negative aspects of
our minds, behaviour and lives. Research had neglected the other side of the equation –
what makes us happy, the ingredients of a good life, our strengths & talents and how to
increase well-being, play to our strengths, and thrive in our personal and professional
lives. Positive psychology studies all of these elements, which can be summed up as
what it takes for us to feel good and function well so that we flourish. ~ Martin E. P
Seligman
, - we all are going to have weird/negative things happening in our lives
- studying the negative parts of our lives
- what are the strengths and how do we increase them
What are the fundamental ingredients to flourish in life?
- HEALTHY RELATIONSHIPS (social aspects)
WELL-BEING THEORY, PERMA MODEL
- RELATIONSHIPS = Together
we make fun (ex. telling a
joke)
o Having a shoulder to
cry on/supporting
people (support
network)
o Relationships are often
linked to positive
emotions (jokes)
o Low self-esteem ->
negative emotions/we
are most harsh to
ourselves, being more
soft to yourself is needed
- ACHIEVEMENT/GOALS = make u feel better about yourself they build up your
self-esteem and make you want to search for new things
o Not feeling stuck/developing -> needing success
o How do we achieve achievement? By engagement/focus, u need to set
your mind to it, to develop it further
- ENGAGEMENT = sticking to something, quitting stuff that doesn't value your
goals in life even though they don't serve u in life, not sticking to things that get u
nowhere/where there is no progress
- POSITIVE EMOTIONS = Good health (good sleep); u will start with negative
emotions if you don't get enough sleep
- MEANING = can be religious/ purpose in life -> backbone, if it's not meaningful
'why am I doing this'
- VITALITY = physical health
More in psychology than mental health & well-being
- Clinical and counselling psychologists
- School psychologists
- Sports psychologists
- Forensic psychologists
- Health psychologists
- Human factors engineers
- Consumer psychologists
- Industrial and organizational psychologists
= domains in applied psychology
,
