Module 1: Introduction to Medical --- --- --- --- ---
Terminology & Word Parts --- --- --- ---
This section covers word roots, prefixes, --- --- --- --- --- ---
suffixes, combining forms, and general rules. --- --- --- --- ---
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1. What is the primary function of a prefix in medical terminology?
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
A) To indicate a surgical procedure
--- --- --- --- ---
B) To describe the location or intensity of the term
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
C) To identify the main part of the word
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
D) To connect two roots
--- --- --- ---
Answer: B) To describe the location or intensity of the term
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Rationale: Prefixes are attached to the beginning of a word to modify its
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
meaning, often indicating position, time, number, or status. The word root
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
provides the core meaning.
--- --- --- ---
2. The word root "hepat" refers to which organ?
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
A) Kidney ---
B) Heart ---
C) Liver ---
D) Stomach ---
Answer: C) Liver --- --- ---
Rationale: "Hepat" is the Greek root for liver. This is a foundational root for
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
terms like hepatitis (inflammation of the liver) and hepatomegaly (enlargement
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
of the liver).
--- --- ---
3. Which of the following is a correct Combining Form for the root
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
"cardi"? ---
A) Card ---
B) Card/i/o ---
C) Cardi/o ---
,D) Cardio ---
Answer: C) Cardi/o --- --- ---
Rationale: A combining form is the word root plus a vowel (usually "o"), used
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
when the root is joined to another root or a suffix. "Cardi/o" is the standard
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
combining form for heart. --- --- --- ---
4. The suffix "-itis" means:
--- --- --- --- ---
A) Enlargement ---
B) Surgical removal --- ---
C) Inflammation ---
D) Tumor ---
Answer: C) Inflammation --- --- ---
Rationale: "-itis" is one of the most common suffixes in medical
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
terminology, denoting inflammation. It is combined with various roots
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
(e.g., arthritis, appendicitis, dermatitis).
--- --- --- ---
5. If a term ends with the suffix "-ology," what does it refer to?
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
A) Fear of --- ---
B) The study of --- --- ---
C) A specialist in
--- --- ---
D) A disease of
--- --- ---
Answer: B) The study of --- --- --- --- ---
Rationale: "-ology" means the study of. For example, "cardiology" is the study
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
of the heart, and "neurology" is the study of the nervous system.
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
6. What does the prefix "hyper-" indicate?
--- --- --- --- --- --- ---
A) Deficient, below --- ---
B) Normal ---
C) Above, excessive --- ---
D) Slow ---
Answer: C) Above, excessive --- --- --- ---
Rationale: "Hyper-" means excessive or increased. It is the opposite of "hypo-
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
," which means deficient or below. An example is hypertension (high blood
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
pressure). ---
7. The prefix "brady-" means:
--- --- --- --- ---
,Rationale: ---
A) Fast ---
B) Slow ---
C) Difficult ---
D) Painful ---
Answer: B) Slow --- --- ---
"Brady-" is a prefix meaning slow. It is often used with "cardia" (heart) --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
to form "bradycardia," meaning a slow heart rate.
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
8. The suffix "-ectomy" means:
--- --- --- --- ---
A) To cut into --- --- ---
B) To examine visually --- --- ---
C) Surgical removal --- ---
D) Surgical repair --- ---
Answer: C) Surgical removal --- --- --- ---
Rationale: "-ectomy" indicates excision or surgical removal. A cholecystectomy
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- -
is the removal of the gallbladder.
-- --- --- --- --- --- ---
9. The suffix "-plasty" means:
--- --- --- --- ---
A) Surgical repair --- ---
B) A new opening --- --- ---
C) Inflammation ---
D) Record of --- ---
Answer: A) Surgical repair --- --- --- ---
Rationale: "-plasty" refers to surgical repair or reconstruction. A rhinoplasty is
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
the surgical repair of the nose.
--- --- --- --- --- ---
10. What is the rule for writing a combining vowel when the suffix begins
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
with a vowel? --- --- ---
A) Always use the combining vowel --- --- --- --- ---
B) Never use the combining vowel --- --- --- --- ---
C) Only use it if the root ends with a consonant D) It depends on the
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
specific term --- ---
Answer: B) Never use the combining vowel
--- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Rationale: When combining a word root with a suffix that begins with a
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
vowel, the combining vowel is not used. For example, "gastr" + "-itis" =
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
"gastritis" (not "gastroitis"). --- --- ---
, 11. What is the correct combining form for "stomach"?
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
A) Stomach/o ---
B) Gastr/o ---
C) Gast/o ---
D) Stom/o ---
Answer: B) Gastr/o --- --- ---
Rationale: "Gastr/o" is the standard combining form for stomach. It is derived
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
from the Greek word for stomach.
--- --- --- --- --- ---
12. Which term means "inflammation of the kidney"?
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
A) Nephritis ---
B) Nephrosis ---
C) Nephrectomy ---
D) Cystitis ---
Answer: A) Nephritis --- --- ---
Rationale: "Nephr" is the root for kidney, and "-itis" means inflammation.
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
"Nephritis" is the inflammation of the kidney.
--- --- --- --- --- --- ---
13. The prefix "retro-" means:
--- --- --- --- ---
A) Forward ---
B) Toward ---
C) Behind ---
D) Across ---
Answer: C) Behind --- --- ---
Rationale: "Retro-" is a prefix meaning behind or backward. Retroperitoneal
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
means behind the peritoneum.
--- --- --- ---
14. The suffix "-algia" means:
--- --- --- --- ---
A) Pertaining to --- ---
B) Pain ---
C) Disease ---
D) Breathing ---
Answer: B) Pain --- --- ---
Rationale: "-algia" is a suffix used to denote pain. "Myalgia" means muscle
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
pain, and "neuralgia" means nerve pain.
--- --- --- --- --- ---
Terminology & Word Parts --- --- --- ---
This section covers word roots, prefixes, --- --- --- --- --- ---
suffixes, combining forms, and general rules. --- --- --- --- ---
---
1. What is the primary function of a prefix in medical terminology?
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
A) To indicate a surgical procedure
--- --- --- --- ---
B) To describe the location or intensity of the term
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
C) To identify the main part of the word
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
D) To connect two roots
--- --- --- ---
Answer: B) To describe the location or intensity of the term
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Rationale: Prefixes are attached to the beginning of a word to modify its
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
meaning, often indicating position, time, number, or status. The word root
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
provides the core meaning.
--- --- --- ---
2. The word root "hepat" refers to which organ?
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
A) Kidney ---
B) Heart ---
C) Liver ---
D) Stomach ---
Answer: C) Liver --- --- ---
Rationale: "Hepat" is the Greek root for liver. This is a foundational root for
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
terms like hepatitis (inflammation of the liver) and hepatomegaly (enlargement
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
of the liver).
--- --- ---
3. Which of the following is a correct Combining Form for the root
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
"cardi"? ---
A) Card ---
B) Card/i/o ---
C) Cardi/o ---
,D) Cardio ---
Answer: C) Cardi/o --- --- ---
Rationale: A combining form is the word root plus a vowel (usually "o"), used
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
when the root is joined to another root or a suffix. "Cardi/o" is the standard
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
combining form for heart. --- --- --- ---
4. The suffix "-itis" means:
--- --- --- --- ---
A) Enlargement ---
B) Surgical removal --- ---
C) Inflammation ---
D) Tumor ---
Answer: C) Inflammation --- --- ---
Rationale: "-itis" is one of the most common suffixes in medical
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
terminology, denoting inflammation. It is combined with various roots
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
(e.g., arthritis, appendicitis, dermatitis).
--- --- --- ---
5. If a term ends with the suffix "-ology," what does it refer to?
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
A) Fear of --- ---
B) The study of --- --- ---
C) A specialist in
--- --- ---
D) A disease of
--- --- ---
Answer: B) The study of --- --- --- --- ---
Rationale: "-ology" means the study of. For example, "cardiology" is the study
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
of the heart, and "neurology" is the study of the nervous system.
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
6. What does the prefix "hyper-" indicate?
--- --- --- --- --- --- ---
A) Deficient, below --- ---
B) Normal ---
C) Above, excessive --- ---
D) Slow ---
Answer: C) Above, excessive --- --- --- ---
Rationale: "Hyper-" means excessive or increased. It is the opposite of "hypo-
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
," which means deficient or below. An example is hypertension (high blood
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
pressure). ---
7. The prefix "brady-" means:
--- --- --- --- ---
,Rationale: ---
A) Fast ---
B) Slow ---
C) Difficult ---
D) Painful ---
Answer: B) Slow --- --- ---
"Brady-" is a prefix meaning slow. It is often used with "cardia" (heart) --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
to form "bradycardia," meaning a slow heart rate.
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
8. The suffix "-ectomy" means:
--- --- --- --- ---
A) To cut into --- --- ---
B) To examine visually --- --- ---
C) Surgical removal --- ---
D) Surgical repair --- ---
Answer: C) Surgical removal --- --- --- ---
Rationale: "-ectomy" indicates excision or surgical removal. A cholecystectomy
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- -
is the removal of the gallbladder.
-- --- --- --- --- --- ---
9. The suffix "-plasty" means:
--- --- --- --- ---
A) Surgical repair --- ---
B) A new opening --- --- ---
C) Inflammation ---
D) Record of --- ---
Answer: A) Surgical repair --- --- --- ---
Rationale: "-plasty" refers to surgical repair or reconstruction. A rhinoplasty is
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
the surgical repair of the nose.
--- --- --- --- --- ---
10. What is the rule for writing a combining vowel when the suffix begins
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
with a vowel? --- --- ---
A) Always use the combining vowel --- --- --- --- ---
B) Never use the combining vowel --- --- --- --- ---
C) Only use it if the root ends with a consonant D) It depends on the
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
specific term --- ---
Answer: B) Never use the combining vowel
--- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Rationale: When combining a word root with a suffix that begins with a
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
vowel, the combining vowel is not used. For example, "gastr" + "-itis" =
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
"gastritis" (not "gastroitis"). --- --- ---
, 11. What is the correct combining form for "stomach"?
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
A) Stomach/o ---
B) Gastr/o ---
C) Gast/o ---
D) Stom/o ---
Answer: B) Gastr/o --- --- ---
Rationale: "Gastr/o" is the standard combining form for stomach. It is derived
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
from the Greek word for stomach.
--- --- --- --- --- ---
12. Which term means "inflammation of the kidney"?
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
A) Nephritis ---
B) Nephrosis ---
C) Nephrectomy ---
D) Cystitis ---
Answer: A) Nephritis --- --- ---
Rationale: "Nephr" is the root for kidney, and "-itis" means inflammation.
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
"Nephritis" is the inflammation of the kidney.
--- --- --- --- --- --- ---
13. The prefix "retro-" means:
--- --- --- --- ---
A) Forward ---
B) Toward ---
C) Behind ---
D) Across ---
Answer: C) Behind --- --- ---
Rationale: "Retro-" is a prefix meaning behind or backward. Retroperitoneal
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
means behind the peritoneum.
--- --- --- ---
14. The suffix "-algia" means:
--- --- --- --- ---
A) Pertaining to --- ---
B) Pain ---
C) Disease ---
D) Breathing ---
Answer: B) Pain --- --- ---
Rationale: "-algia" is a suffix used to denote pain. "Myalgia" means muscle
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
pain, and "neuralgia" means nerve pain.
--- --- --- --- --- ---
