Pathophysiology HESI EXPECTED QUESTIONS WITH
VERIFIED ANSWERS
Question 1.
An initial disturbance in a system sets off a chain of events that does not favor stability and often
abruptly displaces a system from its steady state: what is that? a. Positive Feedback
b. Negative Feedback
c. Disease
d. Homeostasis
ANSWER
a. positive feedback
Question 2.
What organ shrinks with age?
a. Prostate
b. Gums
c. Heart
d. All of the above
ANSWER
b. gums
Question 3.
Which of the following is true?
a. An infant will have a slower heart rate than an adult b. The elderly have better temperature
sensations
c. There are more sweat glands in an elderly person d. There is less thirst perception in the elderly
ANSWER
d. there is less thirst perception in the elderly
,Question 4.
Which of the following is true?
a. Women snore more than men
b. Men have higher calcium levels
c. Women have a lower hemoglobin than men
d. Men have a lower creatinine level than women
ANSWER
c. Women have a lower hemoglobin than men
Question 5.
An increase in normal adaptive response to the decreased availability of oxygen at high altitude is
termed which?
a. Circadian
b. Acclimatization
c. Population
d. Diurnal
ANSWER
b. Acclimatization
Question 6.
What does it mean when the cause of the disease is unwanted medical treatment?
a. Idiopathic
b. Ecogenetic
c. Genotypical
d. Iatrogenic
ANSWER
d. Iatrogenic
Question 7.
Which term is used for the first two months of life?
a. Infancy
b. Childhood
c. Prenatal
d. Neonatal
ANSWER
d. Neonatal
,Question 8.
Which is an objectively identifiable aberration of the disease?
a. Symptom
b. Syndrome
c. Stage
d. Sign
ANSWER
d. Sign
Question 9.
Which of the following is true regarding catecholamines?
a. They are from the parasympathetic nervous system b. They cross the blood brain barrier
c. They include epinephrine and norepinephrine
d. They cause of decrease in heart rate
ANSWER
c. They include epinephrine and norepinephrine
Question 10.
Which of the following is a true statement?
a. Antidiuretic hormone is not important for blood volume regulation
b. Endorphins increase with stress, resulting in a decrease in pain perception
c. Epinephrine and cortisol act very differently
d. Cortisol negates epinephrine's activity
ANSWER
b. Endorphins increase with stress, resulting in a decrease in pain perception
Question 11.
By what mechanism do lipid molecules cross cell membranes?
a. They use channel proteins as a membrane transport system
b. They are transported across the plasma membrane by endocytosis and exocytosis
c. They use voltage-gated ion channels
d. They cross by diffusion
ANSWER
d. They cross by diffusion
, Question 12.
Which of the following metabolic processes is a component of anabolic metabolism?
a. Protein synthesis
b. Glycolysis
c. Citric acid cycle
d. Oxidative phosphorylation
ANSWER
a. Protein synthesis
Question 13.
Which of the following electrochemical mechanism is responsible for maintaining cell volume?
a. The calcium pump
b. Glucose transporters
c. The sodium-potassium pump
d. ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters
ANSWER
c. The sodium-potassium pump
Question 14.
Cellular hypoxia results in:
a. Enhanced ATP activity
b. Loss of intracellular calcium
c. Increased pH
d. Failure of the sodium-potassium pump
ANSWER
d. Failure of the sodium-potassium pump
Question 15.
A 75 yo woman develops weakness in her lower extremities after a prolonged period of bed rest. This
is most likely caused by:
a. Atrophy of her leg muscles
b. Dysplasia of her leg muscles
c. Hypertrophy of her leg muscles
d. Hyperplasia of her leg muscles
ANSWER
a. Atrophy of her leg muscles
VERIFIED ANSWERS
Question 1.
An initial disturbance in a system sets off a chain of events that does not favor stability and often
abruptly displaces a system from its steady state: what is that? a. Positive Feedback
b. Negative Feedback
c. Disease
d. Homeostasis
ANSWER
a. positive feedback
Question 2.
What organ shrinks with age?
a. Prostate
b. Gums
c. Heart
d. All of the above
ANSWER
b. gums
Question 3.
Which of the following is true?
a. An infant will have a slower heart rate than an adult b. The elderly have better temperature
sensations
c. There are more sweat glands in an elderly person d. There is less thirst perception in the elderly
ANSWER
d. there is less thirst perception in the elderly
,Question 4.
Which of the following is true?
a. Women snore more than men
b. Men have higher calcium levels
c. Women have a lower hemoglobin than men
d. Men have a lower creatinine level than women
ANSWER
c. Women have a lower hemoglobin than men
Question 5.
An increase in normal adaptive response to the decreased availability of oxygen at high altitude is
termed which?
a. Circadian
b. Acclimatization
c. Population
d. Diurnal
ANSWER
b. Acclimatization
Question 6.
What does it mean when the cause of the disease is unwanted medical treatment?
a. Idiopathic
b. Ecogenetic
c. Genotypical
d. Iatrogenic
ANSWER
d. Iatrogenic
Question 7.
Which term is used for the first two months of life?
a. Infancy
b. Childhood
c. Prenatal
d. Neonatal
ANSWER
d. Neonatal
,Question 8.
Which is an objectively identifiable aberration of the disease?
a. Symptom
b. Syndrome
c. Stage
d. Sign
ANSWER
d. Sign
Question 9.
Which of the following is true regarding catecholamines?
a. They are from the parasympathetic nervous system b. They cross the blood brain barrier
c. They include epinephrine and norepinephrine
d. They cause of decrease in heart rate
ANSWER
c. They include epinephrine and norepinephrine
Question 10.
Which of the following is a true statement?
a. Antidiuretic hormone is not important for blood volume regulation
b. Endorphins increase with stress, resulting in a decrease in pain perception
c. Epinephrine and cortisol act very differently
d. Cortisol negates epinephrine's activity
ANSWER
b. Endorphins increase with stress, resulting in a decrease in pain perception
Question 11.
By what mechanism do lipid molecules cross cell membranes?
a. They use channel proteins as a membrane transport system
b. They are transported across the plasma membrane by endocytosis and exocytosis
c. They use voltage-gated ion channels
d. They cross by diffusion
ANSWER
d. They cross by diffusion
, Question 12.
Which of the following metabolic processes is a component of anabolic metabolism?
a. Protein synthesis
b. Glycolysis
c. Citric acid cycle
d. Oxidative phosphorylation
ANSWER
a. Protein synthesis
Question 13.
Which of the following electrochemical mechanism is responsible for maintaining cell volume?
a. The calcium pump
b. Glucose transporters
c. The sodium-potassium pump
d. ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters
ANSWER
c. The sodium-potassium pump
Question 14.
Cellular hypoxia results in:
a. Enhanced ATP activity
b. Loss of intracellular calcium
c. Increased pH
d. Failure of the sodium-potassium pump
ANSWER
d. Failure of the sodium-potassium pump
Question 15.
A 75 yo woman develops weakness in her lower extremities after a prolonged period of bed rest. This
is most likely caused by:
a. Atrophy of her leg muscles
b. Dysplasia of her leg muscles
c. Hypertrophy of her leg muscles
d. Hyperplasia of her leg muscles
ANSWER
a. Atrophy of her leg muscles
