EXAM 8
Endocrine, Renal, and Gastrointestinal Care
75 Multiple-Choice Questions • Correct Answers Highlighted • Brief Rationales
Instructions: Choose the single best answer for each question. The correct option is highlighted in yellow, followed by a brief
rationale.
Study resource: Original practice questions based on the working assumption that NR-252 covers Adult Health II /
medical-surgical nursing. This is not an official Chamberlain exam; verify topics against your current syllabus.
1. Clinical review: A client receiving hemodialysis has a fistula. Which finding or action best fits this situation?
A. Apply tight compression continuously
B. Use the access arm for routine blood pressure
C. Assess for bruit and thrill and avoid blood pressure or venipuncture in that arm
D. Use the fistula arm for blood draws
Rationale: A functioning access must be protected from injury and compression.
2. Client scenario: A client with diabetic ketoacidosis is admitted. Which instruction should the nurse reinforce?
A. Administer insulin without checking potassium
B. Give bicarbonate routinely to every client
C. Withhold fluids
D. Expect IV fluids, insulin, and close potassium monitoring
Rationale: DKA treatment includes fluid and insulin therapy with electrolyte monitoring.
3. Teaching and care planning: A client has acute kidney injury and decreasing urine output. Which statement shows the
best understanding of care?
A. Encourage unmonitored NSAID use
B. Assess volume status, review nephrotoxic exposures, and report promptly
C. Ignore the trend
D. Assume kidney function is normal
Rationale: Oliguria may signal worsening renal perfusion or injury.
4. Complication prevention: A client with asthma has severe wheezing and difficulty speaking. Which complication or risk
should the nurse address first?
A. Lie flat and wait
B. Use only a long-acting controller for immediate relief
C. Give prescribed rapid-acting bronchodilator and escalate if severe
D. Delay rescue medication until bedtime
Rationale: Severe symptoms can progress quickly and require rescue treatment.
, 5. Client scenario: A client with chronic kidney disease has edema and rising potassium. Which instruction should the nurse
reinforce?
A. Report hyperkalemia promptly and monitor cardiac status as indicated
B. Recommend potassium supplements
C. Encourage high-potassium salt substitute
D. Ignore ECG changes
Rationale: Hyperkalemia can cause life-threatening dysrhythmias.
6. Complication prevention: A client with diabetic ketoacidosis is admitted. Which complication or risk should the nurse
address first?
A. Withhold fluids
B. Give bicarbonate routinely to every client
C. Administer insulin without checking potassium
D. Expect IV fluids, insulin, and close potassium monitoring
Rationale: DKA treatment includes fluid and insulin therapy with electrolyte monitoring.
7. A client with diabetic ketoacidosis is admitted. Which action is the nurse's priority?
A. Administer insulin without checking potassium
B. Withhold fluids
C. Give bicarbonate routinely to every client
D. Expect IV fluids, insulin, and close potassium monitoring
Rationale: DKA treatment includes fluid and insulin therapy with electrolyte monitoring.
8. During care: An unconscious client has suspected severe hypoglycemia. Which nursing response is most appropriate?
A. Give candy to chew
B. Pour juice into the mouth
C. Ask the client to swallow water
D. Do not give anything by mouth; activate help and give prescribed emergency treatment
Rationale: Unconscious clients cannot safely swallow; oral intake risks aspiration.
9. Clinical review: An unconscious client has suspected severe hypoglycemia. Which finding or action best fits this situation?
A. Ask the client to swallow water
B. Do not give anything by mouth; activate help and give prescribed emergency treatment
C. Give candy to chew
D. Pour juice into the mouth
Rationale: Unconscious clients cannot safely swallow; oral intake risks aspiration.
10. Teaching and care planning: A client with suspected appendicitis has right-lower-quadrant pain. Which statement shows
the best understanding of care?
A. Give laxatives
B. Apply a heating pad to the abdomen
C. Encourage a large meal
D. Keep NPO and notify the provider for evaluation
Rationale: Heat and laxatives may increase risk if appendicitis progresses or ruptures.
Endocrine, Renal, and Gastrointestinal Care
75 Multiple-Choice Questions • Correct Answers Highlighted • Brief Rationales
Instructions: Choose the single best answer for each question. The correct option is highlighted in yellow, followed by a brief
rationale.
Study resource: Original practice questions based on the working assumption that NR-252 covers Adult Health II /
medical-surgical nursing. This is not an official Chamberlain exam; verify topics against your current syllabus.
1. Clinical review: A client receiving hemodialysis has a fistula. Which finding or action best fits this situation?
A. Apply tight compression continuously
B. Use the access arm for routine blood pressure
C. Assess for bruit and thrill and avoid blood pressure or venipuncture in that arm
D. Use the fistula arm for blood draws
Rationale: A functioning access must be protected from injury and compression.
2. Client scenario: A client with diabetic ketoacidosis is admitted. Which instruction should the nurse reinforce?
A. Administer insulin without checking potassium
B. Give bicarbonate routinely to every client
C. Withhold fluids
D. Expect IV fluids, insulin, and close potassium monitoring
Rationale: DKA treatment includes fluid and insulin therapy with electrolyte monitoring.
3. Teaching and care planning: A client has acute kidney injury and decreasing urine output. Which statement shows the
best understanding of care?
A. Encourage unmonitored NSAID use
B. Assess volume status, review nephrotoxic exposures, and report promptly
C. Ignore the trend
D. Assume kidney function is normal
Rationale: Oliguria may signal worsening renal perfusion or injury.
4. Complication prevention: A client with asthma has severe wheezing and difficulty speaking. Which complication or risk
should the nurse address first?
A. Lie flat and wait
B. Use only a long-acting controller for immediate relief
C. Give prescribed rapid-acting bronchodilator and escalate if severe
D. Delay rescue medication until bedtime
Rationale: Severe symptoms can progress quickly and require rescue treatment.
, 5. Client scenario: A client with chronic kidney disease has edema and rising potassium. Which instruction should the nurse
reinforce?
A. Report hyperkalemia promptly and monitor cardiac status as indicated
B. Recommend potassium supplements
C. Encourage high-potassium salt substitute
D. Ignore ECG changes
Rationale: Hyperkalemia can cause life-threatening dysrhythmias.
6. Complication prevention: A client with diabetic ketoacidosis is admitted. Which complication or risk should the nurse
address first?
A. Withhold fluids
B. Give bicarbonate routinely to every client
C. Administer insulin without checking potassium
D. Expect IV fluids, insulin, and close potassium monitoring
Rationale: DKA treatment includes fluid and insulin therapy with electrolyte monitoring.
7. A client with diabetic ketoacidosis is admitted. Which action is the nurse's priority?
A. Administer insulin without checking potassium
B. Withhold fluids
C. Give bicarbonate routinely to every client
D. Expect IV fluids, insulin, and close potassium monitoring
Rationale: DKA treatment includes fluid and insulin therapy with electrolyte monitoring.
8. During care: An unconscious client has suspected severe hypoglycemia. Which nursing response is most appropriate?
A. Give candy to chew
B. Pour juice into the mouth
C. Ask the client to swallow water
D. Do not give anything by mouth; activate help and give prescribed emergency treatment
Rationale: Unconscious clients cannot safely swallow; oral intake risks aspiration.
9. Clinical review: An unconscious client has suspected severe hypoglycemia. Which finding or action best fits this situation?
A. Ask the client to swallow water
B. Do not give anything by mouth; activate help and give prescribed emergency treatment
C. Give candy to chew
D. Pour juice into the mouth
Rationale: Unconscious clients cannot safely swallow; oral intake risks aspiration.
10. Teaching and care planning: A client with suspected appendicitis has right-lower-quadrant pain. Which statement shows
the best understanding of care?
A. Give laxatives
B. Apply a heating pad to the abdomen
C. Encourage a large meal
D. Keep NPO and notify the provider for evaluation
Rationale: Heat and laxatives may increase risk if appendicitis progresses or ruptures.
