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Class notes

Class notes Physics

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Lecture notes of 30 pages for the course Physics at Other (100%concept clear)

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↳
radiation that activate sensation of
Light is a our
sight .




↳ Due to high frequency and low wavelength ,
it travels in straight line which is

called a
ray of light
.




&




↳ A
group of rays of light is called a beam of
light .



↳ wavelength range 400 nm-750nm




Reflection of light -
:
The phenomenon of bouncing back of light into the same

after striking called reflection
medium , a surface ,
is of light
.




incident Normal reflected
ray ray
· +



i)


,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, , , , , , ,
, Reflecting
surface


Law of reflection : -




to the
I the incident
ray ,
the reflected
ray and the normal
reflecting
surface at the point of incidence all lie in same plane.

.
2
Angle of incidence Li =

angle of reflection <V




speed of light, frequency wavelength
,
=
constant

-
It ray reflected by denser medium phase difference =
12

-
It ray reflected by raver medium phase difference = 0

, Reflection

V



Regular Diffused

I
al o

& e
E g
&
G

a
g
3




11111111111111111111I ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, /I



Reflection by plane mirror - :




(Real RO Real object > VI virtual
image
vo virtual object RI Real object




·
>




> The
image formed by a plane mirror is

erect, same size and is formed at the
same distance behind the mirror as the

object
.

I (imaginary)
>
Image formed by a plane mirror has a

lateral inversion.


·
O
.
, ·
Is wrong

" ·
I, right


Deviation from plane mirror : -




S
↑



IR N RR
S = 21 - ITo

ii
G


↑ IT-21




....,,,,,,,,,,,,,
O


> l
O
⑧




I

, Image by two inclined plane mirror : -




↓ Number of images n=
360-1 ,
if z= even
integer


two possibilities
&
If b = odd
integer then there are .




-in
p object
1 9 / I I 111111 I / I I
Intro P
Object
·



111111111111111 I / I I




Object is placed symmetrically Object is placed asymmetrically
n=
26- n =

3




speed of image formed by plane mirror




F F
2
I


· I O I
> - · [ ⑧
U U rest 2u

us
Mirror at rest mirror is
moving
speed of with respect to
image
object = zu




A man of heighth requires a mirror of length at least equal to R
his
to see own complete image .




A plane mirror is rotated perpendicular to its
plane by an angle o while keeping the direction
of the incident ray constant, then the
reflected ray is rotated by an
angle 20.

Document information

Study
School year
2
Uploaded on
October 16, 2026
Number of pages
30
Written in
2026/2027
Type
Class notes
Professor(s)
Ry
Contains
All classes
$9.09

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