HESI FUNDAMENTAL PRACTICE EXAM #1
2025/2026 100 QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED
ANSWERS GRADED A+
The nurse is preparing to irrigate a client's indwelling urinary catheter using an open
technique. What action should the nurse take after applying gloves? - ANS-Draw up the
irrigating solution into the syringe.
Rationale: First apply gloves, then draw up the irrigating solution. Syringe is attached to
catheter & fluid is instilled, using aseptic technique. Once instilled, catheter should be
secured to drainage tubing. Drainage bag can be emptied whenever I&O measurement
is indicated
When assessing a client with an indwelling urinary catheter, which observation requires
the most immediate intervention by the nurse. - ANS-The clamp on the urinary drainage
bag is open
A 35y/o client with cancer refuses to allow a nurse to insert an IV for scheduled chemo
& states that she's ready to go home to die. What intervention should the nurse initiate?
- ANS-Evaluate the client's mental status for competence to refuse treatment
Rationale: Competent clients have the right to refuse treatment. The nurse cannot
document until the HCP is notified of the patient's wishes & a d/c RX is obtained.
Advance directives & DNR are not necessary for competent client to refuse care.
A client with chronic renal disease is admitted to the hospital for evaluation prior to a
surgical procedure. Which laboratory test indicates client's protein status for the longest
length of time? - ANS-Serum albumin
Rationale: Serum albumin has a long half-life.
What client statement indicates to the nurse that the client requires assistance with
bathing? - ANS-"I don't understand why I'm so weak & tired."
How should the nurse handle linens that are soiled with incontinent feces? - ANS-Place
the soiled linens in a pillow case & deposit them in the dirty linen hamper
When caring for an immobile client, what nursing diagnosis has the highest priority? -
ANS-Impaired gas exchange
The nurse assesses an immobile, elderly male client & determines that his blood
pressure is 138/60, his temperature is 95.8F & his output is 100 mL of concentrated
urine during the last hour. He has wet sounding lungs & increased respiratory
, secretions. Based on these assessment findings , what nursing action is most important
for the nurse to implement? - ANS-Turn the client q2h
Rationale: It will help move & drain respiratory secretions & prevent pneumonia from
occurring.
The home health nurse visits an elderly female client who had a brain attack 3 months
ago & is now able to ambulate with the assistance of a quad cane. Which assessment
finding has the greatest implications for this client's care? - ANS-The nurse notes there
are numerous scatter rugs throughout the house
The nurse removes the dressing on a client's heel that is cover a pressure sore 1" in
diameter & finds that there is straw-colored drainage seeping from the wound. What
description of this finding should the nurse include in the client's record? - ANS-One-
inch pressure sore draining serous fluid
Medication is prescribed to be given QID. What schedule should the nurse use to
administer this Rx? - ANS-0800, 1200, 1600, 2000
The nurse working in the ED is assessing 4 clients' ability to tolerate pain. Which client
is likely to tolerate a higher level of pain? - ANS-1 55y/o woman who has had moderate
low back pain for 3 months
Rationale: Experiences with the same type of pain that has successfully been relieved
makes it easier for the client to interpret the pain sensation and, as a result, the client is
better prepared to take steps to relieve the pain. All other clients are having new
experiences with pain.
A 4y/o boy who is scheduled for a tonsillectomy & adenoidectomy asks the nurse, "Will
it hurt to have my tonsils & adenoids taken out?" Which response is best for the nurse to
provide? - ANS-"It may hurt, but we'll give you medicine to help you feel better."
A low-sodium, low-protein diet is prescribed for a 45y/o client with renal insufficiency &
HTN, who gained 3lbs in the last month. The nurse determines that the client has been
noncompliant with the diet, based on which report from the 24hr diet recall? - ANS-1.
Snack of potato chips & diet soda
2. Lunch of tuna, carrots, fruit & coffee
3. Breakfast of eggs, bacon, toast & coffee
4. Bedtime snack of crackers & milk
What intervention should the nurse include in the care plan for a client who is being
treated with an Unna's paste boot for leg ulcers due to chronic venous insufficiency? -
ANS-Check capillary refill of toes on lower extremity with Unna's paste boot
2025/2026 100 QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED
ANSWERS GRADED A+
The nurse is preparing to irrigate a client's indwelling urinary catheter using an open
technique. What action should the nurse take after applying gloves? - ANS-Draw up the
irrigating solution into the syringe.
Rationale: First apply gloves, then draw up the irrigating solution. Syringe is attached to
catheter & fluid is instilled, using aseptic technique. Once instilled, catheter should be
secured to drainage tubing. Drainage bag can be emptied whenever I&O measurement
is indicated
When assessing a client with an indwelling urinary catheter, which observation requires
the most immediate intervention by the nurse. - ANS-The clamp on the urinary drainage
bag is open
A 35y/o client with cancer refuses to allow a nurse to insert an IV for scheduled chemo
& states that she's ready to go home to die. What intervention should the nurse initiate?
- ANS-Evaluate the client's mental status for competence to refuse treatment
Rationale: Competent clients have the right to refuse treatment. The nurse cannot
document until the HCP is notified of the patient's wishes & a d/c RX is obtained.
Advance directives & DNR are not necessary for competent client to refuse care.
A client with chronic renal disease is admitted to the hospital for evaluation prior to a
surgical procedure. Which laboratory test indicates client's protein status for the longest
length of time? - ANS-Serum albumin
Rationale: Serum albumin has a long half-life.
What client statement indicates to the nurse that the client requires assistance with
bathing? - ANS-"I don't understand why I'm so weak & tired."
How should the nurse handle linens that are soiled with incontinent feces? - ANS-Place
the soiled linens in a pillow case & deposit them in the dirty linen hamper
When caring for an immobile client, what nursing diagnosis has the highest priority? -
ANS-Impaired gas exchange
The nurse assesses an immobile, elderly male client & determines that his blood
pressure is 138/60, his temperature is 95.8F & his output is 100 mL of concentrated
urine during the last hour. He has wet sounding lungs & increased respiratory
, secretions. Based on these assessment findings , what nursing action is most important
for the nurse to implement? - ANS-Turn the client q2h
Rationale: It will help move & drain respiratory secretions & prevent pneumonia from
occurring.
The home health nurse visits an elderly female client who had a brain attack 3 months
ago & is now able to ambulate with the assistance of a quad cane. Which assessment
finding has the greatest implications for this client's care? - ANS-The nurse notes there
are numerous scatter rugs throughout the house
The nurse removes the dressing on a client's heel that is cover a pressure sore 1" in
diameter & finds that there is straw-colored drainage seeping from the wound. What
description of this finding should the nurse include in the client's record? - ANS-One-
inch pressure sore draining serous fluid
Medication is prescribed to be given QID. What schedule should the nurse use to
administer this Rx? - ANS-0800, 1200, 1600, 2000
The nurse working in the ED is assessing 4 clients' ability to tolerate pain. Which client
is likely to tolerate a higher level of pain? - ANS-1 55y/o woman who has had moderate
low back pain for 3 months
Rationale: Experiences with the same type of pain that has successfully been relieved
makes it easier for the client to interpret the pain sensation and, as a result, the client is
better prepared to take steps to relieve the pain. All other clients are having new
experiences with pain.
A 4y/o boy who is scheduled for a tonsillectomy & adenoidectomy asks the nurse, "Will
it hurt to have my tonsils & adenoids taken out?" Which response is best for the nurse to
provide? - ANS-"It may hurt, but we'll give you medicine to help you feel better."
A low-sodium, low-protein diet is prescribed for a 45y/o client with renal insufficiency &
HTN, who gained 3lbs in the last month. The nurse determines that the client has been
noncompliant with the diet, based on which report from the 24hr diet recall? - ANS-1.
Snack of potato chips & diet soda
2. Lunch of tuna, carrots, fruit & coffee
3. Breakfast of eggs, bacon, toast & coffee
4. Bedtime snack of crackers & milk
What intervention should the nurse include in the care plan for a client who is being
treated with an Unna's paste boot for leg ulcers due to chronic venous insufficiency? -
ANS-Check capillary refill of toes on lower extremity with Unna's paste boot
