Test Bank for Porth’s Pathophysiology Concepts of
Altered Health States 11th Edition by Tommie L.
Norris | Chapters 1-52 | Latest 2026 Verified Exam
Questions with Detailed Rationales | Complete A+
Study Guide for Nursing Students
C.Q. was recently exposed to group A hemolytic Streptococcus and subsequently developed a
pharyngeal infection. His clinic examination reveals an oral temperature of 102.3°F, skin rash,
dysphagia, and reddened throat mucosa with multiple pustules. He complains of sore throat,
malaise, and joint stiffness. A throat culture is positive for Streptococcus, and antibiotics have
been prescribed. The etiology of C.Q.'s disease is — A. a sore throat.; B. streptococcal infection.;
C. genetic susceptibility.; D. pharyngitis. - Answer-B. streptococcal infection.
A 17-year-old college-bound student receives a vaccine against an organism that causes
meningitis. This is an example of — A. primary prevention.; B. secondary prevention.; C. tertiary
prevention.; D. disease treatment. - Answer-A. primary prevention.
An obese but otherwise healthy teen is given a prescription for a low-calorie diet and exercise
program. This is an example of — A. primary prevention.; B. secondary prevention.; C. tertiary
prevention.; D. disease treatment. - Answer-B. secondary prevention.
A patient with high blood pressure who is otherwise healthy is counseled to restrict sodium
intake. This is an example of — A. primary prevention.; B. secondary prevention.; C. tertiary
prevention.; D. disease treatment. - Answer-B. secondary prevention.
,After suffering a heart attack, a middle-aged man is counseled to take a cholesterol-lowering
medication. This is an example of — A. primary prevention.; B. secondary prevention.; C.
tertiary prevention.; D. disease treatment. - Answer-C. tertiary prevention.
A patient has been exposed to meningococcal meningitis, but is not yet demonstrating signs of
this disease. This stage of illness is called the stage. — A. prodromal; B. latent; C. sequela; D.
convalescence - Answer-B. latent
A disease that is native to a particular region is called — A. epidemic.; B. endemic.; C.
pandemic.; D. ethnographic. - Answer-B. endemic.
In general, with aging, organ size and function — A. increase.; B. decrease.; C. remain the same.;
D. are unknown. - Answer-B. decrease.
The stage during which the patient functions normally, although the disease processes are well
established, is referred to as — A. latent.; B. subclinical.; C. prodromal.; D. convalescence. -
Answer-B. subclinical.
Indicators that an individual is experiencing high stress include all the following except — A.
tachycardia.; B. diaphoresis.; C. increased peripheral resistance.; D. pupil constriction. - Answer-
D. pupil constriction.
Which is not normally secreted in response to stress? — A. Norepinephrine; B. Cortisol; C.
Epinephrine; D. Insulin - Answer-D. Insulin
Selye's three phases of the stress response include all the following except — A. allostasis.; B.
resistance.; C. alarm.; D. exhaustion. - Answer-A. allostasis.
,Many of the responses to stress are attributed to activation of the sympathetic nervous system
and are mediated by — A. norepinephrine.; B. cortisol.; C. glucagon.; D. ACTH. - Answer-A.
norepinephrine.
The effects of excessive cortisol production include — A. immune suppression.; B.
hypoglycemia.; C. anorexia.; D. inflammatory reactions. - Answer-A. immune suppression.
All the following stress-induced hormones increase blood glucose except — A. aldosterone.; B.
cortisol.; C. norepinephrine.; D. epinephrine. - Answer-A. aldosterone.
Allostasis is best defined as — A. a steady state.; B. a state of equilibrium, of balance within the
organism.; C. the process by which the body heals following disease.; D. the overall process of
adaptive change necessary to maintain survival and well-being. - Answer-D. the overall process
of adaptive change necessary to maintain survival and well-being.
The primary adaptive purpose of the substances produced in the alarm stage is — A. energy and
repair.; B. invoke resting state.; C. produce exhaustion.; D. set a new baseline steady-state. -
Answer-A. energy and repair.
Persistence of the alarm stage will ultimately result in — A. stress reduction.; B. permanent
damage and death.; C. movement into the resistance stage.; D. exhaustion of the sympathetic
nervous system. - Answer-B. permanent damage and death.
The effect of stress on the immune system — A. is unknown.; B. has been demonstrated to be
nonexistent in studies.; C. most often involves enhancement of the immune system.; D. may
involve enhancement or impairment the immune system. - Answer-D. may involve
enhancement or impairment the immune system.
Glycolysis is the metabolic process of breaking down a glucose molecule to form — A. CO2 and
H2O.; B. 2 ATP and 2 pyruvate.; C. 30 ATP.; D. oxygen. - Answer-B. 2 ATP and 2 pyruvate.
, The benefit of glycolysis is that this second stage of catabolism supplies — A. ATP to meet
energy needs of the body.; B. pyruvate to the citric acid cycle.; C. energy for oxidative
phosphorylation.; D. lactate during anaerobic conditions. - Answer-B. pyruvate to the citric acid
cycle.
Repolarization of a neuron after a depolarizing action potential is because of — A. activation of
the Na+-K+ pump.; B. influx of calcium.; C. efflux of potassium.; D. influx of sodium. - Answer-C.
efflux of potassium.
Excitable cells are able to conduct action potentials because they have — A. receptors for
neurotransmitters.; B. tight junctions.; C. ligand-gated channels.; D. voltage-gated channels. -
Answer-D. voltage-gated channels.
The resting membrane potential in nerve and skeletal muscle is determined primarily by — A.
extracellular sodium ion concentration.; B. the ratio of intracellular to extracellular potassium
ions.; C. activation of voltage-gated sodium channels.; D. activity of energy-dependent
membrane pumps. - Answer-B. the ratio of intracellular to extracellular potassium ions.
An increase in extracellular potassium ion from 4.0 to 6.0 mEq/L would — A. hyperpolarize the
resting membrane potential.; B. make it more difficult to reach threshold and produce an action
potential.; C. hypopolarize the resting membrane potential.; D. alter the threshold potential. -
Answer-C. hypopolarize the resting membrane potential.
GTP-binding proteins (G-proteins) function to — A. activate receptors on the extracellular
surface.; B. degrade second-messenger molecules.; C. activate intracellular enzyme systems.; D.
synthesize ATP. - Answer-C. activate intracellular enzyme systems.
Phospholipids spontaneously form lipid bilayers because they are — A. polar.; B. charged.; C.
insoluble.; D. amphipathic. - Answer-D. amphipathic.
Altered Health States 11th Edition by Tommie L.
Norris | Chapters 1-52 | Latest 2026 Verified Exam
Questions with Detailed Rationales | Complete A+
Study Guide for Nursing Students
C.Q. was recently exposed to group A hemolytic Streptococcus and subsequently developed a
pharyngeal infection. His clinic examination reveals an oral temperature of 102.3°F, skin rash,
dysphagia, and reddened throat mucosa with multiple pustules. He complains of sore throat,
malaise, and joint stiffness. A throat culture is positive for Streptococcus, and antibiotics have
been prescribed. The etiology of C.Q.'s disease is — A. a sore throat.; B. streptococcal infection.;
C. genetic susceptibility.; D. pharyngitis. - Answer-B. streptococcal infection.
A 17-year-old college-bound student receives a vaccine against an organism that causes
meningitis. This is an example of — A. primary prevention.; B. secondary prevention.; C. tertiary
prevention.; D. disease treatment. - Answer-A. primary prevention.
An obese but otherwise healthy teen is given a prescription for a low-calorie diet and exercise
program. This is an example of — A. primary prevention.; B. secondary prevention.; C. tertiary
prevention.; D. disease treatment. - Answer-B. secondary prevention.
A patient with high blood pressure who is otherwise healthy is counseled to restrict sodium
intake. This is an example of — A. primary prevention.; B. secondary prevention.; C. tertiary
prevention.; D. disease treatment. - Answer-B. secondary prevention.
,After suffering a heart attack, a middle-aged man is counseled to take a cholesterol-lowering
medication. This is an example of — A. primary prevention.; B. secondary prevention.; C.
tertiary prevention.; D. disease treatment. - Answer-C. tertiary prevention.
A patient has been exposed to meningococcal meningitis, but is not yet demonstrating signs of
this disease. This stage of illness is called the stage. — A. prodromal; B. latent; C. sequela; D.
convalescence - Answer-B. latent
A disease that is native to a particular region is called — A. epidemic.; B. endemic.; C.
pandemic.; D. ethnographic. - Answer-B. endemic.
In general, with aging, organ size and function — A. increase.; B. decrease.; C. remain the same.;
D. are unknown. - Answer-B. decrease.
The stage during which the patient functions normally, although the disease processes are well
established, is referred to as — A. latent.; B. subclinical.; C. prodromal.; D. convalescence. -
Answer-B. subclinical.
Indicators that an individual is experiencing high stress include all the following except — A.
tachycardia.; B. diaphoresis.; C. increased peripheral resistance.; D. pupil constriction. - Answer-
D. pupil constriction.
Which is not normally secreted in response to stress? — A. Norepinephrine; B. Cortisol; C.
Epinephrine; D. Insulin - Answer-D. Insulin
Selye's three phases of the stress response include all the following except — A. allostasis.; B.
resistance.; C. alarm.; D. exhaustion. - Answer-A. allostasis.
,Many of the responses to stress are attributed to activation of the sympathetic nervous system
and are mediated by — A. norepinephrine.; B. cortisol.; C. glucagon.; D. ACTH. - Answer-A.
norepinephrine.
The effects of excessive cortisol production include — A. immune suppression.; B.
hypoglycemia.; C. anorexia.; D. inflammatory reactions. - Answer-A. immune suppression.
All the following stress-induced hormones increase blood glucose except — A. aldosterone.; B.
cortisol.; C. norepinephrine.; D. epinephrine. - Answer-A. aldosterone.
Allostasis is best defined as — A. a steady state.; B. a state of equilibrium, of balance within the
organism.; C. the process by which the body heals following disease.; D. the overall process of
adaptive change necessary to maintain survival and well-being. - Answer-D. the overall process
of adaptive change necessary to maintain survival and well-being.
The primary adaptive purpose of the substances produced in the alarm stage is — A. energy and
repair.; B. invoke resting state.; C. produce exhaustion.; D. set a new baseline steady-state. -
Answer-A. energy and repair.
Persistence of the alarm stage will ultimately result in — A. stress reduction.; B. permanent
damage and death.; C. movement into the resistance stage.; D. exhaustion of the sympathetic
nervous system. - Answer-B. permanent damage and death.
The effect of stress on the immune system — A. is unknown.; B. has been demonstrated to be
nonexistent in studies.; C. most often involves enhancement of the immune system.; D. may
involve enhancement or impairment the immune system. - Answer-D. may involve
enhancement or impairment the immune system.
Glycolysis is the metabolic process of breaking down a glucose molecule to form — A. CO2 and
H2O.; B. 2 ATP and 2 pyruvate.; C. 30 ATP.; D. oxygen. - Answer-B. 2 ATP and 2 pyruvate.
, The benefit of glycolysis is that this second stage of catabolism supplies — A. ATP to meet
energy needs of the body.; B. pyruvate to the citric acid cycle.; C. energy for oxidative
phosphorylation.; D. lactate during anaerobic conditions. - Answer-B. pyruvate to the citric acid
cycle.
Repolarization of a neuron after a depolarizing action potential is because of — A. activation of
the Na+-K+ pump.; B. influx of calcium.; C. efflux of potassium.; D. influx of sodium. - Answer-C.
efflux of potassium.
Excitable cells are able to conduct action potentials because they have — A. receptors for
neurotransmitters.; B. tight junctions.; C. ligand-gated channels.; D. voltage-gated channels. -
Answer-D. voltage-gated channels.
The resting membrane potential in nerve and skeletal muscle is determined primarily by — A.
extracellular sodium ion concentration.; B. the ratio of intracellular to extracellular potassium
ions.; C. activation of voltage-gated sodium channels.; D. activity of energy-dependent
membrane pumps. - Answer-B. the ratio of intracellular to extracellular potassium ions.
An increase in extracellular potassium ion from 4.0 to 6.0 mEq/L would — A. hyperpolarize the
resting membrane potential.; B. make it more difficult to reach threshold and produce an action
potential.; C. hypopolarize the resting membrane potential.; D. alter the threshold potential. -
Answer-C. hypopolarize the resting membrane potential.
GTP-binding proteins (G-proteins) function to — A. activate receptors on the extracellular
surface.; B. degrade second-messenger molecules.; C. activate intracellular enzyme systems.; D.
synthesize ATP. - Answer-C. activate intracellular enzyme systems.
Phospholipids spontaneously form lipid bilayers because they are — A. polar.; B. charged.; C.
insoluble.; D. amphipathic. - Answer-D. amphipathic.
