CMN 568 MODULE 4 EXAM STUDY GUIDE
2026/2027 ACCURATE QUESTIONS WITH
CORRECT DETAILED SOLUTIONS ||
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<NEWEST VERSION>
1. Another word for indigestion - ANSWER ✔ dyspepsia = a symptom
2. Main causes of dyspepsia - ANSWER ✔ stomach ulcer or acid reflux
PUD or GERD
3. Patients who should have an endoscopy due to dyspepsia? - ANSWER ✔ >
60 yo
younger if have alarm symptoms
4. Patients who test negative for h. pylori or was treated for h. pylori and still
have not improved after it was eradicated should be treated with what? -
ANSWER ✔ trial empiric PPI
5. increased visceral afferent sensitivity, gastric delayed emptying or impaired
accommodation to food or psychosocial stressors = symptoms of
________________ ________________ - ANSWER ✔ functional
dyspepsia
6. Description of patient with functional dyspepsia - ANSWER ✔ younger pt.
that reports a variety of abd and extra-gi complaints show signs of anxiety or
dyspepsia, or have a hx of use of psychotropic medications
7. Lifestyle changes to treat functional dyspepsia - ANSWER ✔ reduce or d/c
ETOH & caffeine
consume small, low fat meals
keep food diary
,8. 1/3 patients with dyspepsia get relief from this? - ANSWER ✔ placebo
9. pharmacologic agent for non-h. pylori dyspepsia - ANSWER ✔
pantoprazole 40 mg qd
metoclopramide 5-10 mg TID no more than 3 mo. (black box warning, tardive
dyskinesia)
10.What is described as a vague intensely disagreeable sensation of sickness or
queasiness and is distinguished from anorexia - ANSWER ✔ nausea
11.What is described as often following nausea, as does retching. Distinguished
from regurgitation, rumination - ANSWER ✔ vomiting
12.What is an effortless reflux of liquid food or stomach contents - ANSWER
✔ regurgitation
13.What is the chewing or swallowing of food thats regurgitated voluntarily
after meals. - ANSWER ✔ rumination
14.When might vomiting require hospitalization? - ANSWER ✔ severe acute
vomiting- unable to eat, loosing gastric fluids leading to dehydration risk for
hypokalemia and metabolic acidosis - very important to note in very young
or old pt.
15.Treatment for mild self-limiting nausea - ANSWER ✔ general measures-
clear liquids, broth, teas soups.
16.What labs would you order for gastroenteritis - ANSWER ✔ stool culture
if > 3 days or if pt is < 3mo old or >70 yo, or at risk of transmitting to others
(food service, daycare worker)
17.Treatment for gastroenteritis - ANSWER ✔ Viral - supportive, assess for
dehydration (oral rehydration for mild to mod. diarrhea)
adults avoid dairy, caffeine, ETOH,
Adults eat rice, potatoes, wheat, bananas, yogurt, soup and crackers
Infants & kids- cont. regular diet
Bacterial- PO or IV abx
,18.Medications that can be given for gastroenteritis - ANSWER ✔ ADULTS-
anti-motility agents *Imodium (loperamide)
*Kaopectate (bismuth subsalicylate for adults
Do not use if severe or bloody diarrhea, high fever or systemic toxicity,
(counteracting what body is trying to do= pt will become more toxic)
Abx if bacterial cause suspected.
19.What is gastroenteritis - ANSWER ✔ acute infectious diarrhea, usually
self-limiting
20.Who is at most risk of complications of gastroenteritis - ANSWER ✔ very
young, elderly
21.Pt presents with abd pain, vomiting and diarrhea states ate shell fish
yesterday. what do you suspect? - ANSWER ✔ food-poisoning
22.Pt presents with abd pain, vomiting and diarrhea and was in Mexico last
week. what do you suspect. - ANSWER ✔ Bacterial or parasitic infection
23.Patients symptoms are heartburn usually 30-60 minutes after meals and
when reclining. Describes burning chest pain and regurgitation often, pain is
usually relieved by antacids, what do you suspect? - ANSWER ✔ GERD
24.What are some non GI symptoms of GERD - ANSWER ✔ asthma, chronic
cough, laryngitis, sore throat or non-cardiac chest pain and sleep
disturbance.
25.If patient presents with symptoms of GERD, what else do you evaluate
patient for? - ANSWER ✔ Cardiac, (women, elderly, diabetic will present
w/GERD symtoms) obtain EKG, CKMP, Troponin.
26.Pt has GERD and these symptoms are alarming! What do you do if the pt.
presents with them. - ANSWER ✔ > 55 yo, anemia, melena, or
hematemesis, dysphagia, significant wt. loss or difficult/painful swallowing.
REFER for upper GI endoscopy
, 27.How should the patient who is <55 yo and has GERD symptoms that are
NOT alarming be treated? - ANSWER ✔ empirically without further
testing.
28.Pt. presents with gnawing, hunger-like, burning pain in epigastric area that
gets better with eating or taking antacids, with pain returning 2-4 hrs later.
c/o pain awakening pt. What should you suspect? - ANSWER ✔ peptic
ulcer disease
29.Major causes of peptic ulcer disease? - ANSWER ✔ NSAID and H. Pylori
infection
30.A pain symptom of PUD is ______________________? - ANSWER ✔
dyspepsia
31.Exam findings for PUD may be normal, or they can include epigastric
______________ and new onset of positive _____________
_____________? (different than GERD) - ANSWER ✔ tenderness, guaiac
stools.
32.If positive guaiac stool found with PUD, what should pt. be tested for? -
ANSWER ✔ anemia
33.If PUD suspected what lab work should be obtained? - ANSWER ✔ H.
Pylori- by urea breath test or fecal antigen
guaiac stool.
34.If PUD suspected what diagnostic test will patient need - ANSWER ✔
upper endoscopy with biopsy if gastric ulcers present.
35.How is PUD treated - ANSWER ✔ Acid antisecretory agents- PPI's have
replaced most H2 receptor antagonist.
antibiotics for H.Pylori
Combination- PPI, antibiotics, +/- bismuth for 14 days.
36.What combination treatment is used to treat PUD - ANSWER ✔ PPI, abx,
+/- bismuth x 14 days.
2026/2027 ACCURATE QUESTIONS WITH
CORRECT DETAILED SOLUTIONS ||
100% GUARANTEED PASS
<NEWEST VERSION>
1. Another word for indigestion - ANSWER ✔ dyspepsia = a symptom
2. Main causes of dyspepsia - ANSWER ✔ stomach ulcer or acid reflux
PUD or GERD
3. Patients who should have an endoscopy due to dyspepsia? - ANSWER ✔ >
60 yo
younger if have alarm symptoms
4. Patients who test negative for h. pylori or was treated for h. pylori and still
have not improved after it was eradicated should be treated with what? -
ANSWER ✔ trial empiric PPI
5. increased visceral afferent sensitivity, gastric delayed emptying or impaired
accommodation to food or psychosocial stressors = symptoms of
________________ ________________ - ANSWER ✔ functional
dyspepsia
6. Description of patient with functional dyspepsia - ANSWER ✔ younger pt.
that reports a variety of abd and extra-gi complaints show signs of anxiety or
dyspepsia, or have a hx of use of psychotropic medications
7. Lifestyle changes to treat functional dyspepsia - ANSWER ✔ reduce or d/c
ETOH & caffeine
consume small, low fat meals
keep food diary
,8. 1/3 patients with dyspepsia get relief from this? - ANSWER ✔ placebo
9. pharmacologic agent for non-h. pylori dyspepsia - ANSWER ✔
pantoprazole 40 mg qd
metoclopramide 5-10 mg TID no more than 3 mo. (black box warning, tardive
dyskinesia)
10.What is described as a vague intensely disagreeable sensation of sickness or
queasiness and is distinguished from anorexia - ANSWER ✔ nausea
11.What is described as often following nausea, as does retching. Distinguished
from regurgitation, rumination - ANSWER ✔ vomiting
12.What is an effortless reflux of liquid food or stomach contents - ANSWER
✔ regurgitation
13.What is the chewing or swallowing of food thats regurgitated voluntarily
after meals. - ANSWER ✔ rumination
14.When might vomiting require hospitalization? - ANSWER ✔ severe acute
vomiting- unable to eat, loosing gastric fluids leading to dehydration risk for
hypokalemia and metabolic acidosis - very important to note in very young
or old pt.
15.Treatment for mild self-limiting nausea - ANSWER ✔ general measures-
clear liquids, broth, teas soups.
16.What labs would you order for gastroenteritis - ANSWER ✔ stool culture
if > 3 days or if pt is < 3mo old or >70 yo, or at risk of transmitting to others
(food service, daycare worker)
17.Treatment for gastroenteritis - ANSWER ✔ Viral - supportive, assess for
dehydration (oral rehydration for mild to mod. diarrhea)
adults avoid dairy, caffeine, ETOH,
Adults eat rice, potatoes, wheat, bananas, yogurt, soup and crackers
Infants & kids- cont. regular diet
Bacterial- PO or IV abx
,18.Medications that can be given for gastroenteritis - ANSWER ✔ ADULTS-
anti-motility agents *Imodium (loperamide)
*Kaopectate (bismuth subsalicylate for adults
Do not use if severe or bloody diarrhea, high fever or systemic toxicity,
(counteracting what body is trying to do= pt will become more toxic)
Abx if bacterial cause suspected.
19.What is gastroenteritis - ANSWER ✔ acute infectious diarrhea, usually
self-limiting
20.Who is at most risk of complications of gastroenteritis - ANSWER ✔ very
young, elderly
21.Pt presents with abd pain, vomiting and diarrhea states ate shell fish
yesterday. what do you suspect? - ANSWER ✔ food-poisoning
22.Pt presents with abd pain, vomiting and diarrhea and was in Mexico last
week. what do you suspect. - ANSWER ✔ Bacterial or parasitic infection
23.Patients symptoms are heartburn usually 30-60 minutes after meals and
when reclining. Describes burning chest pain and regurgitation often, pain is
usually relieved by antacids, what do you suspect? - ANSWER ✔ GERD
24.What are some non GI symptoms of GERD - ANSWER ✔ asthma, chronic
cough, laryngitis, sore throat or non-cardiac chest pain and sleep
disturbance.
25.If patient presents with symptoms of GERD, what else do you evaluate
patient for? - ANSWER ✔ Cardiac, (women, elderly, diabetic will present
w/GERD symtoms) obtain EKG, CKMP, Troponin.
26.Pt has GERD and these symptoms are alarming! What do you do if the pt.
presents with them. - ANSWER ✔ > 55 yo, anemia, melena, or
hematemesis, dysphagia, significant wt. loss or difficult/painful swallowing.
REFER for upper GI endoscopy
, 27.How should the patient who is <55 yo and has GERD symptoms that are
NOT alarming be treated? - ANSWER ✔ empirically without further
testing.
28.Pt. presents with gnawing, hunger-like, burning pain in epigastric area that
gets better with eating or taking antacids, with pain returning 2-4 hrs later.
c/o pain awakening pt. What should you suspect? - ANSWER ✔ peptic
ulcer disease
29.Major causes of peptic ulcer disease? - ANSWER ✔ NSAID and H. Pylori
infection
30.A pain symptom of PUD is ______________________? - ANSWER ✔
dyspepsia
31.Exam findings for PUD may be normal, or they can include epigastric
______________ and new onset of positive _____________
_____________? (different than GERD) - ANSWER ✔ tenderness, guaiac
stools.
32.If positive guaiac stool found with PUD, what should pt. be tested for? -
ANSWER ✔ anemia
33.If PUD suspected what lab work should be obtained? - ANSWER ✔ H.
Pylori- by urea breath test or fecal antigen
guaiac stool.
34.If PUD suspected what diagnostic test will patient need - ANSWER ✔
upper endoscopy with biopsy if gastric ulcers present.
35.How is PUD treated - ANSWER ✔ Acid antisecretory agents- PPI's have
replaced most H2 receptor antagonist.
antibiotics for H.Pylori
Combination- PPI, antibiotics, +/- bismuth for 14 days.
36.What combination treatment is used to treat PUD - ANSWER ✔ PPI, abx,
+/- bismuth x 14 days.
