COMMUNITY NURSING MIDTERM EXAM 2026/2027 | STUDY
GUIDE, PRACTICE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
When involving the community-client as partner during which phase does data collection take place to
determine the community's health and structure?
a. Assessment phase
b. Planning phase
c. Implementation phase
d. Evaluation phase - Correct answer✅✅ ANS: A
The community health assessment phase involves a logical systematic approach to the initial phase of
the community health nursing process. Community health assessment helps to (1) identify community
strengths resources assets capacities and opportunities (2) clarify health concerns (3) identify
community constraints (4) identify the economic political and social factors affecting the community and
(5) identify the determinants of health affecting community health.
During which phase would the community health nurse (CHN) determine the ability of specific
interventions to achieve an increase to at least 90% in the proportion of all pregnant women who
receive first-trimester prenatal care?
a. Assessment phase
b. Planning phase
c. Implementation phase
d. Evaluation phase - Correct answer✅✅ ANS: D
The measurement of outcomes is part of the evaluation process.
Which objective is most appropriate for developing a community health nursing process?
a. All monitored clients will receive abortion therapy within 3 minutes following recognition of lethal
dysrhythmia.
b. Of mothers receiving nutrition counselling 80% will identify five sources of calcium by the end of class.
c. At least 95% of children will be immunized by the age of 1 year.
d. There will be a 25% reduction in health disparities by 2015. - Correct answer✅✅ ANS: B
,Objectives must be precise measurable and stated in terms of behaviour. Receiving abortion therapy
involves treatment in an acute care setting and would not be part of a community health nursing
process. The immunization option does not precisely state which children (in a district? countrywide?)
and which immunizations (since some immunizations are not appropriate to give to children who are
only 1 year old). Stating that there will be a 25% reduction in health disparities by the year 2015 is a goal
not an objective.
Which measure of community health will be examined by the community health nurse (CHN) who
wishes to assess the status of a community's health?
a. Community awareness
b. Health facilities
c. Health care manpower
d. Vital statistics - Correct answer✅✅ ANS: D
Vital statistics (live births neonatal deaths infant deaths maternal deaths) are measures of community
health status. Health care manpower (e.g. CHNs physicians) and health facilities (e.g. hospitals clinics)
are measures of community health structure. Community awareness is a measure of process.
Which measure of community health will be examined by the community health nurse (CHN) who
wishes to assess the process of community health?
a. Health resource use patterns such as bed occupancy days and client/provider visits
b. Health risk profiles of selected aggregates
c. Incidence and prevalence of leading causes of mortality and morbidity
d. Participation of individual and group health care providers in local organizations - Correct
answer✅✅ ANS: D
Community health assessment is the process of thinking critically about the community and involves
getting to know and understand the community client as partner. This helps the CHN to understand the
individual family and group health concerns and to know what community strengths and resources are
available for the CHN to work as a partner with the client to address the client's concerns.
What is the best resource for the community health nurse (CHN) who wants information about the
leading causes of morbidity and mortality in a local region of the country?
a. Hospital records and statistics
b. Online information from Statistics Canada
c. The local chamber of commerce
,d. The obituary columns of local newspapers - Correct answer✅✅ ANS: B
Morbidity and mortality information for all regions in Canada is available through the Statistics Canada
Web site.
What community health nursing activity demonstrates the role of a change partner?
a. Administers vaccinations to preschoolers
b. Analyzes community problems to determine the best interventions
c. Establishes a care centre for older persons living with family members who work in jobs outside the
home
d. Teaches anger management skills to a group of teens in a halfway house - Correct answer✅✅ ANS:
D
Content-focused roles often are considered change-agent roles whereas process roles are called change-
partner roles. Change-agent roles emphasize gathering and analyzing facts and implementing programs
whereas change-partner roles include being an enabler-catalyst a teacher of problem-solving skills or
being an activist-advocate. The CHN who establishes a care centre for older persons living with family
members who work outside of the home is acting as a change agent. The CHN who administers
vaccinations or analyzes community problems to help develop interventions is carrying out other
nursing roles.
The community health nurse (CHN) has identified that a knowledge deficit is the primary reason why
new mothers in a region choose not to breastfeed and wants to determine the best strategy to
implement an intervention. What should this intervention emphasize?
a. Alternate dimension
b. Process dimension
c. Status dimension
d. Structural dimension - Correct answer✅✅ ANS: B
When the emphasis is on process dimension the best strategy is usually health promotion also a primary
prevention strategy. For example if education is lacking in a community the most effective strategy may
be to initiate discussion and help community members develop education programs.
When assessing immigrant access to regional health care which data collection method would best
provide key information about the community?
a. Interviews with employees of the local health board
b. Informant interviews with local community members
, c. Interview with a legislator or local politician
d. Interview with a public health official - Correct answer✅✅ ANS: B
Informant interviews which consist of directed talks with selected members of a community about
community members or groups and events are basic to effective data collection.
Talking to key information providers is a critical part of the community assessment. Key information
providers are not always people with a formal title or position but may often be people who have an
informal role within the community for example a member of a minority group who is influential among
other members of the group a spiritual leader or a parent who is active and vocal about the school
health curriculum.
The third phase of the community health nursing process involves the work and activities aimed at
achieving the goals and objectives. Which phase is being described?
a. Identifying and prioritizing interventions
b. Assessment
c. Implementation
d. Evaluation - Correct answer✅✅ ANS: B
Implementation the third phase of the community health nursing process involves the work and
activities aimed at achieving the goals and objectives. Implementation efforts may be made by the
person or group that established the goals and objectives or they may be shared with or even delegated
to others.
Which practice demonstrates cultural competency for the care of clients with a cultural background
different to one's own?
a. Maintaining an open attitude that welcomes differences
b. Keeping all behaviours culturally neutral to avoid misinterpretation
c. Relying on friendly gestures to communicate a caring attitude
d. Avoiding showing prejudice by using the same behaviour with all clients - Correct answer✅✅ ANS:
A
Core principles of developing cultural competence are highlighted by researchers McFarland and
Wehebe-Alama (2018) who draw from the origins of culture care principles and suggest the following
two principles as a starting point:
1. Maintain a broad objective and open attitude toward individuals and their cultures.
2. Avoid seeing all individuals as alike
GUIDE, PRACTICE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
When involving the community-client as partner during which phase does data collection take place to
determine the community's health and structure?
a. Assessment phase
b. Planning phase
c. Implementation phase
d. Evaluation phase - Correct answer✅✅ ANS: A
The community health assessment phase involves a logical systematic approach to the initial phase of
the community health nursing process. Community health assessment helps to (1) identify community
strengths resources assets capacities and opportunities (2) clarify health concerns (3) identify
community constraints (4) identify the economic political and social factors affecting the community and
(5) identify the determinants of health affecting community health.
During which phase would the community health nurse (CHN) determine the ability of specific
interventions to achieve an increase to at least 90% in the proportion of all pregnant women who
receive first-trimester prenatal care?
a. Assessment phase
b. Planning phase
c. Implementation phase
d. Evaluation phase - Correct answer✅✅ ANS: D
The measurement of outcomes is part of the evaluation process.
Which objective is most appropriate for developing a community health nursing process?
a. All monitored clients will receive abortion therapy within 3 minutes following recognition of lethal
dysrhythmia.
b. Of mothers receiving nutrition counselling 80% will identify five sources of calcium by the end of class.
c. At least 95% of children will be immunized by the age of 1 year.
d. There will be a 25% reduction in health disparities by 2015. - Correct answer✅✅ ANS: B
,Objectives must be precise measurable and stated in terms of behaviour. Receiving abortion therapy
involves treatment in an acute care setting and would not be part of a community health nursing
process. The immunization option does not precisely state which children (in a district? countrywide?)
and which immunizations (since some immunizations are not appropriate to give to children who are
only 1 year old). Stating that there will be a 25% reduction in health disparities by the year 2015 is a goal
not an objective.
Which measure of community health will be examined by the community health nurse (CHN) who
wishes to assess the status of a community's health?
a. Community awareness
b. Health facilities
c. Health care manpower
d. Vital statistics - Correct answer✅✅ ANS: D
Vital statistics (live births neonatal deaths infant deaths maternal deaths) are measures of community
health status. Health care manpower (e.g. CHNs physicians) and health facilities (e.g. hospitals clinics)
are measures of community health structure. Community awareness is a measure of process.
Which measure of community health will be examined by the community health nurse (CHN) who
wishes to assess the process of community health?
a. Health resource use patterns such as bed occupancy days and client/provider visits
b. Health risk profiles of selected aggregates
c. Incidence and prevalence of leading causes of mortality and morbidity
d. Participation of individual and group health care providers in local organizations - Correct
answer✅✅ ANS: D
Community health assessment is the process of thinking critically about the community and involves
getting to know and understand the community client as partner. This helps the CHN to understand the
individual family and group health concerns and to know what community strengths and resources are
available for the CHN to work as a partner with the client to address the client's concerns.
What is the best resource for the community health nurse (CHN) who wants information about the
leading causes of morbidity and mortality in a local region of the country?
a. Hospital records and statistics
b. Online information from Statistics Canada
c. The local chamber of commerce
,d. The obituary columns of local newspapers - Correct answer✅✅ ANS: B
Morbidity and mortality information for all regions in Canada is available through the Statistics Canada
Web site.
What community health nursing activity demonstrates the role of a change partner?
a. Administers vaccinations to preschoolers
b. Analyzes community problems to determine the best interventions
c. Establishes a care centre for older persons living with family members who work in jobs outside the
home
d. Teaches anger management skills to a group of teens in a halfway house - Correct answer✅✅ ANS:
D
Content-focused roles often are considered change-agent roles whereas process roles are called change-
partner roles. Change-agent roles emphasize gathering and analyzing facts and implementing programs
whereas change-partner roles include being an enabler-catalyst a teacher of problem-solving skills or
being an activist-advocate. The CHN who establishes a care centre for older persons living with family
members who work outside of the home is acting as a change agent. The CHN who administers
vaccinations or analyzes community problems to help develop interventions is carrying out other
nursing roles.
The community health nurse (CHN) has identified that a knowledge deficit is the primary reason why
new mothers in a region choose not to breastfeed and wants to determine the best strategy to
implement an intervention. What should this intervention emphasize?
a. Alternate dimension
b. Process dimension
c. Status dimension
d. Structural dimension - Correct answer✅✅ ANS: B
When the emphasis is on process dimension the best strategy is usually health promotion also a primary
prevention strategy. For example if education is lacking in a community the most effective strategy may
be to initiate discussion and help community members develop education programs.
When assessing immigrant access to regional health care which data collection method would best
provide key information about the community?
a. Interviews with employees of the local health board
b. Informant interviews with local community members
, c. Interview with a legislator or local politician
d. Interview with a public health official - Correct answer✅✅ ANS: B
Informant interviews which consist of directed talks with selected members of a community about
community members or groups and events are basic to effective data collection.
Talking to key information providers is a critical part of the community assessment. Key information
providers are not always people with a formal title or position but may often be people who have an
informal role within the community for example a member of a minority group who is influential among
other members of the group a spiritual leader or a parent who is active and vocal about the school
health curriculum.
The third phase of the community health nursing process involves the work and activities aimed at
achieving the goals and objectives. Which phase is being described?
a. Identifying and prioritizing interventions
b. Assessment
c. Implementation
d. Evaluation - Correct answer✅✅ ANS: B
Implementation the third phase of the community health nursing process involves the work and
activities aimed at achieving the goals and objectives. Implementation efforts may be made by the
person or group that established the goals and objectives or they may be shared with or even delegated
to others.
Which practice demonstrates cultural competency for the care of clients with a cultural background
different to one's own?
a. Maintaining an open attitude that welcomes differences
b. Keeping all behaviours culturally neutral to avoid misinterpretation
c. Relying on friendly gestures to communicate a caring attitude
d. Avoiding showing prejudice by using the same behaviour with all clients - Correct answer✅✅ ANS:
A
Core principles of developing cultural competence are highlighted by researchers McFarland and
Wehebe-Alama (2018) who draw from the origins of culture care principles and suggest the following
two principles as a starting point:
1. Maintain a broad objective and open attitude toward individuals and their cultures.
2. Avoid seeing all individuals as alike
