,Arizona College NUR 335 Exam 1 | Maternal Health
Theory & Application (2026) Q&A
1. A nurse is reviewing the menstrual cycle with a client. Which hormone is responsible for
triggering ovulation?
A) Estrogen
B) Progesterone
C) Luteinizing hormone (LH)
D) Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
Correct Answer: Luteinizing hormone (LH)
Rationale: The mid-cycle LH surge triggers ovulation, which is the release of the mature
oocyte from the ovary. FSH stimulates follicle development, estrogen thickens the
endometrium, and progesterone maintains the uterine lining for implantation.
Understanding the hormonal interplay is essential for assessing fertility and pregnancy.
2. A nurse is teaching a client about the female reproductive cycle. The nurse should explain
that the inner layer of the uterus that is shed during menstruation is called the:
A) Myometrium
B) Perimetrium
C) Endometrium
D) Cervix
Correct Answer: Endometrium
Rationale: The endometrium is the inner, vascular layer of the uterus that proliferates
and sheds during the menstrual cycle. The myometrium is the middle muscular layer, and
,the perimetrium is the outer serosal layer. The cervix is the lower portion of the uterus that
opens into the vagina.
3. Which structure produces the female gametes (eggs)?
A) Uterus
B) Fallopian tubes
C) Ovaries
D) Vagina
Correct Answer: Ovaries
Rationale: The ovaries are the primary female reproductive organs responsible for
oogenesis (egg production) and hormone secretion (estrogen and progesterone). The
uterus supports fetal development, the fallopian tubes transport the egg, and the vagina
serves as the birth canal.
4. A nurse explains that fertilization typically occurs in which part of the fallopian tube?
A) Infundibulum
B) Ampulla
C) Isthmus
D) Interstitial segment
Correct Answer: Ampulla
Rationale: The ampulla is the widest, longest portion of the fallopian tube and is the
usual site of fertilization. The infundibulum is the funnel-shaped opening near the ovary,
the isthmus is the narrow portion, and the interstitial segment connects to the uterus.
, 5. A nurse is assessing a client at 12 weeks gestation. The nurse notes a bluish-purple
discoloration of the vaginal mucosa and cervix. This finding is known as:
A) Goodell's sign
B) Chadwick's sign
C) Hegar's sign
D) McDonald's sign
Correct Answer: Chadwick's sign
Rationale: Chadwick's sign is a probable sign of pregnancy, appearing at 8 to 10 weeks
due to increased vascularity and blood flow to the pelvic area. Goodell's sign is softening of
the cervix, Hegar's sign is softening of the lower uterine segment, and McDonald's sign is a
measurement of uterine size.
6. A softening of the lower uterine segment that is a probable sign of pregnancy is called:
A) Chadwick's sign
B) Goodell's sign
C) Hegar's sign
D) Braxton Hicks sign
Correct Answer: Hegar's sign
Rationale: Hegar's sign is a softening of the lower uterine segment, typically felt during
bimanual examination at 6 to 8 weeks of gestation. Chadwick's sign is bluish-purple
discoloration of the cervix, and Goodell's sign is softening of the cervix. Braxton Hicks are
irregular uterine contractions.
7. A nurse is calculating a client's estimated date of delivery (EDD) using Naegele's rule. The
client's last menstrual period began on June 10. What is the estimated date of delivery?
Theory & Application (2026) Q&A
1. A nurse is reviewing the menstrual cycle with a client. Which hormone is responsible for
triggering ovulation?
A) Estrogen
B) Progesterone
C) Luteinizing hormone (LH)
D) Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
Correct Answer: Luteinizing hormone (LH)
Rationale: The mid-cycle LH surge triggers ovulation, which is the release of the mature
oocyte from the ovary. FSH stimulates follicle development, estrogen thickens the
endometrium, and progesterone maintains the uterine lining for implantation.
Understanding the hormonal interplay is essential for assessing fertility and pregnancy.
2. A nurse is teaching a client about the female reproductive cycle. The nurse should explain
that the inner layer of the uterus that is shed during menstruation is called the:
A) Myometrium
B) Perimetrium
C) Endometrium
D) Cervix
Correct Answer: Endometrium
Rationale: The endometrium is the inner, vascular layer of the uterus that proliferates
and sheds during the menstrual cycle. The myometrium is the middle muscular layer, and
,the perimetrium is the outer serosal layer. The cervix is the lower portion of the uterus that
opens into the vagina.
3. Which structure produces the female gametes (eggs)?
A) Uterus
B) Fallopian tubes
C) Ovaries
D) Vagina
Correct Answer: Ovaries
Rationale: The ovaries are the primary female reproductive organs responsible for
oogenesis (egg production) and hormone secretion (estrogen and progesterone). The
uterus supports fetal development, the fallopian tubes transport the egg, and the vagina
serves as the birth canal.
4. A nurse explains that fertilization typically occurs in which part of the fallopian tube?
A) Infundibulum
B) Ampulla
C) Isthmus
D) Interstitial segment
Correct Answer: Ampulla
Rationale: The ampulla is the widest, longest portion of the fallopian tube and is the
usual site of fertilization. The infundibulum is the funnel-shaped opening near the ovary,
the isthmus is the narrow portion, and the interstitial segment connects to the uterus.
, 5. A nurse is assessing a client at 12 weeks gestation. The nurse notes a bluish-purple
discoloration of the vaginal mucosa and cervix. This finding is known as:
A) Goodell's sign
B) Chadwick's sign
C) Hegar's sign
D) McDonald's sign
Correct Answer: Chadwick's sign
Rationale: Chadwick's sign is a probable sign of pregnancy, appearing at 8 to 10 weeks
due to increased vascularity and blood flow to the pelvic area. Goodell's sign is softening of
the cervix, Hegar's sign is softening of the lower uterine segment, and McDonald's sign is a
measurement of uterine size.
6. A softening of the lower uterine segment that is a probable sign of pregnancy is called:
A) Chadwick's sign
B) Goodell's sign
C) Hegar's sign
D) Braxton Hicks sign
Correct Answer: Hegar's sign
Rationale: Hegar's sign is a softening of the lower uterine segment, typically felt during
bimanual examination at 6 to 8 weeks of gestation. Chadwick's sign is bluish-purple
discoloration of the cervix, and Goodell's sign is softening of the cervix. Braxton Hicks are
irregular uterine contractions.
7. A nurse is calculating a client's estimated date of delivery (EDD) using Naegele's rule. The
client's last menstrual period began on June 10. What is the estimated date of delivery?
