CNOR PRACTICE EXAM- ZANDER | 100% VERIFIED SOLUTIONS |ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS [2026/2027
The patient's desirable and measurable physiological and psychological responses to nursing interventions are called:
Process Standards
Outcome Standards
Clinical Efficiency
Quality Improvement ✔️Outcome Standards
he common goal of standards is quality patient care. Patient outcomes are an essential indicator of the quality patient care.
Alexander's Care of the Patient in Surgery 16th ed. Ch 1
What the wound classification for vaginal hysterectomy?
Class 1
Class 2
Class 3
Class 4 ✔️Class 2
There is controlled entry into the genitourinary tract.
Alexander's Care of the Patient in Surgery 16th ed. Ch 9
The 19-year-old patient arrives to the OR within 2 hours of a traumatic open Tib/Fib fracture for ORIF. What wound class is it?
Class1
Class 2
Class 3
Class 4 ✔️Class 3
A fresh open trauma is classified as Contaminated (Class 3), A fresh trauma is one that is less than 4-6 hours old at the start of surgery.
Alexander's Care of the Patient in Surgery 16th ed. Ch 9
Patients with one or more of Virchow's triad are at increased risk for
Deep vein thrombosis
Hemorrhage
Surgical site infection
Respiratory distress ✔️DVT
,Virchow's triad describes the three broad categories of factors that are thought to contribute to thrombosis. Hypercoagulability. Hemodynamic
changes (stasis, turbulence) Endothelial injury/dysfunction. DVT is at an increased risk
Alexander's Care of the Patient in Surgery 16th ed. Ch. 24
The Spaulding classification system is used to determine:
Appropriate methods to attain desired level of processing required for safety in patient care items.
Safety standards for safely administering and monitoring anesthesia care
Post-operative discharge criteria
Ideal pressurization for rubberized spherical items ✔️Appropriate methods to attain desired level of processing required for safety in patient
care items.
Earle Spaulding, a microbiologist, developed a classification system in 1968 to determine the appropriate method to attain the desired level of
processing required for safety in patient care items. This system was adopted and later modified by the CDC.
Berry and Kohn's Operating Room Technique 13th ed Ch 17
When passing the knife to the surgeon the best practice would be...
To place the knife into a designated tray and so the surgeon can pick it up
To firmly place the blade handle into the surgeon's palm
Let the surgeon take what he wants from the mayo stand
With the use of a safety scalpel passing device ✔️To place the knife into a designated tray and so the surgeon can pick it up
The neutral zone is a sterile basin or tray or magnetic pad from which the surgeon or assistant can retrieve them. When finished the surgeon
returns the item to the tray where the scrub person retrieves them. Hand to hand passing of sharps increases the chance of accidental sharps
injury. Nobody but me gets to touch my mayo stand and I made up the safety scalpel passing device.
Alexander's Care of the Patient in Surgery 16th ed. Ch. 7
The ultimate responsibility for the nurse's competency is:
Nurse
Educator
Manager
Director ✔️Nurse
While education is often facilitated by the educator, manager or director it's ultimately the individual nurse's responsibility to maintain his or
her own competency and nursing practice.
Alexander's Care of the Patient in Surgery 16th ed. Ch. 3
During a bowel resection for malignancy the circulating nurse anticipates...
,Recounting sponges sharps and instruments after the GI tract is clamped
Prepare for regowning and regloving of the entire surgical team at the field
The need for a separate surgical consent in addition to the bowel resection
Antibiotic irrigation solution will be used ✔️Prepare for regowning and regloving of the entire surgical team at the field
Instruments used for a bowel resection are kept separate from the rest of the sterile back table. After wound irrigation the entire surgical team
dons fresh gowns and gloves and switches to the closure set up of clean instruments to prevent cross contamination of the abdomen with
bowel organisms
Alexander's Care of the Patient in Surgery 16th ed. Ch. 11
When positioning a patient in a left lateral decubitus position padding will be needed...
Between the knees
Under the knees
Under the patella
On the lateral aspect of the right knee ✔️Between the knees
Lateral decubitus position is synonymous to lateral position. The flexed knees may require padding to prevent pressure and shearing force.
Berry and Kohn's Operating Room Technique 13th ed Ch 26
What does a uniform pattern on the Bowie -Dick indicate?
The vacuum cycle functioned properly
The sterilization parameters have been met
That the dynamic air removal sterilizer is ready to sterilize instruments
That the instruments are sterile ✔️The vacuum cycle functioned properly
A uniform pattern on the Bowie-Dick card indicates that a vacuum was created inside the chamber. It doesn't measure anything more than that
Alexander's Care of the Patient in Surgery 16th ed. Ch. 4
After the patient has signed the surgical consent she is given Midazolam and brought to the surgical suite. She is then transferred to the OR
table. She tells the CRNA 'I don't want to do it'. The patient is scheduled for an AV fistula so she can begin renal dialysis. The CRNA asks "you
don't want to have surgery?" The patient responds that she does not. What should be the response of the surgical team?
The patient has versed on board and will not remember and likely doesn't know what she's saying. The team should proceed with induction
The patient should be taken back to the holding area and the surgeon notified of the patient's decision
The patient signed the consent for surgery and needs the procedure for dialysis. The team is obligated to proceed
The surgeon should be called to come in the room and explain to the patient why she must have the procedure ✔️The patient should be taken
back to the holding area and the surgeon notified of the patient's decision
, The informed consent remains in effect for as long as the person still agrees to the surgery or procedure. If at any time the patient no longer
agrees the consent is withdrawn. There is no exception to this. Medications given or forms signed does not remove the individual's right to
choose.
Alexander's Care of the Patient in Surgery 16th ed. Ch. 24
Counting sponges is a nursing action. The nurse is accountable. The belief that the surgeon is responsible for all actions taken by staff in
surgery, known as 'The Captain of the Ship' is outdated and no longer legally valid. The nurse is legally responsible for the surgical count. What
type of law deals with injury to a person such as a retained object?
Civil Law
Criminal Law
Civic Law
Tort Law ✔️Tort Law
A tort action law suit is filed when there is injury to a person caused by another person. A retained object is tort claim.
Berry and Kohn's Operating Room Technique 13th ed Ch 3
What is the Perioperative Nursing Data Set (PNDS), and its function?
The PNDS is a standardized vocabulary and care pathway in electronic documentation that can be aggregated and analyzed. It's used to
evaluate the effectiveness of nursing care on patient outcomes
The PNDS are standardized components of the perioperative nursing care used for reporting patient errors to hospital administration.
The PNDS is a set of possible outcomes for surgical patients used for quality reporting and sentinel events.
The PNDS is the foundation on which all surgical nursing research is based allowing definable and measurable results. ✔️The PNDS is a
standardized vocabulary and care pathway in electronic documentation that can be aggregated and analyzed. It's used to evaluate the
effectiveness of nursing care on patient outcomes
PNDS is a standardized language used to document patient care to enhance retrievability of data for evaluation of patient care.
Alexander's Care of the Patient in Surgery 16th ed. Ch 1
Mr S has tuberculosis and has just started a rifampin therapy this week. He was admitted through the ED with active TB and acute Cholecystitis.
The patient is stable and being made comfortable on the med/surg floor. At 1pm the general surgeon tells the charge nurse that surgery needs
to be done within the next 24 hours. The surgeon and charge nurse collaborate to work the cholecystectomy patient into the schedule. It would
be best if this patient's case is:
done as soon as possible. Other cases on todays schedule will be bumped forward to allow the case to proceed immediately.
scheduled as the first case of the following day.
fit into the middle of the schedule the following day during a three-hour period when the surgeon's usual room will be empty.
scheduled at the end of the day today ✔️scheduled at the end of the day today
Treatment of TB is long term, usually 6-12 months. This patient's case cannot be delayed until the sputum shows a smear negative for TB and
must be done while the patient is active. The case should be done at the end of the day when minimal personnel and patients are present and
there will be minimal traffic in the area.
The patient's desirable and measurable physiological and psychological responses to nursing interventions are called:
Process Standards
Outcome Standards
Clinical Efficiency
Quality Improvement ✔️Outcome Standards
he common goal of standards is quality patient care. Patient outcomes are an essential indicator of the quality patient care.
Alexander's Care of the Patient in Surgery 16th ed. Ch 1
What the wound classification for vaginal hysterectomy?
Class 1
Class 2
Class 3
Class 4 ✔️Class 2
There is controlled entry into the genitourinary tract.
Alexander's Care of the Patient in Surgery 16th ed. Ch 9
The 19-year-old patient arrives to the OR within 2 hours of a traumatic open Tib/Fib fracture for ORIF. What wound class is it?
Class1
Class 2
Class 3
Class 4 ✔️Class 3
A fresh open trauma is classified as Contaminated (Class 3), A fresh trauma is one that is less than 4-6 hours old at the start of surgery.
Alexander's Care of the Patient in Surgery 16th ed. Ch 9
Patients with one or more of Virchow's triad are at increased risk for
Deep vein thrombosis
Hemorrhage
Surgical site infection
Respiratory distress ✔️DVT
,Virchow's triad describes the three broad categories of factors that are thought to contribute to thrombosis. Hypercoagulability. Hemodynamic
changes (stasis, turbulence) Endothelial injury/dysfunction. DVT is at an increased risk
Alexander's Care of the Patient in Surgery 16th ed. Ch. 24
The Spaulding classification system is used to determine:
Appropriate methods to attain desired level of processing required for safety in patient care items.
Safety standards for safely administering and monitoring anesthesia care
Post-operative discharge criteria
Ideal pressurization for rubberized spherical items ✔️Appropriate methods to attain desired level of processing required for safety in patient
care items.
Earle Spaulding, a microbiologist, developed a classification system in 1968 to determine the appropriate method to attain the desired level of
processing required for safety in patient care items. This system was adopted and later modified by the CDC.
Berry and Kohn's Operating Room Technique 13th ed Ch 17
When passing the knife to the surgeon the best practice would be...
To place the knife into a designated tray and so the surgeon can pick it up
To firmly place the blade handle into the surgeon's palm
Let the surgeon take what he wants from the mayo stand
With the use of a safety scalpel passing device ✔️To place the knife into a designated tray and so the surgeon can pick it up
The neutral zone is a sterile basin or tray or magnetic pad from which the surgeon or assistant can retrieve them. When finished the surgeon
returns the item to the tray where the scrub person retrieves them. Hand to hand passing of sharps increases the chance of accidental sharps
injury. Nobody but me gets to touch my mayo stand and I made up the safety scalpel passing device.
Alexander's Care of the Patient in Surgery 16th ed. Ch. 7
The ultimate responsibility for the nurse's competency is:
Nurse
Educator
Manager
Director ✔️Nurse
While education is often facilitated by the educator, manager or director it's ultimately the individual nurse's responsibility to maintain his or
her own competency and nursing practice.
Alexander's Care of the Patient in Surgery 16th ed. Ch. 3
During a bowel resection for malignancy the circulating nurse anticipates...
,Recounting sponges sharps and instruments after the GI tract is clamped
Prepare for regowning and regloving of the entire surgical team at the field
The need for a separate surgical consent in addition to the bowel resection
Antibiotic irrigation solution will be used ✔️Prepare for regowning and regloving of the entire surgical team at the field
Instruments used for a bowel resection are kept separate from the rest of the sterile back table. After wound irrigation the entire surgical team
dons fresh gowns and gloves and switches to the closure set up of clean instruments to prevent cross contamination of the abdomen with
bowel organisms
Alexander's Care of the Patient in Surgery 16th ed. Ch. 11
When positioning a patient in a left lateral decubitus position padding will be needed...
Between the knees
Under the knees
Under the patella
On the lateral aspect of the right knee ✔️Between the knees
Lateral decubitus position is synonymous to lateral position. The flexed knees may require padding to prevent pressure and shearing force.
Berry and Kohn's Operating Room Technique 13th ed Ch 26
What does a uniform pattern on the Bowie -Dick indicate?
The vacuum cycle functioned properly
The sterilization parameters have been met
That the dynamic air removal sterilizer is ready to sterilize instruments
That the instruments are sterile ✔️The vacuum cycle functioned properly
A uniform pattern on the Bowie-Dick card indicates that a vacuum was created inside the chamber. It doesn't measure anything more than that
Alexander's Care of the Patient in Surgery 16th ed. Ch. 4
After the patient has signed the surgical consent she is given Midazolam and brought to the surgical suite. She is then transferred to the OR
table. She tells the CRNA 'I don't want to do it'. The patient is scheduled for an AV fistula so she can begin renal dialysis. The CRNA asks "you
don't want to have surgery?" The patient responds that she does not. What should be the response of the surgical team?
The patient has versed on board and will not remember and likely doesn't know what she's saying. The team should proceed with induction
The patient should be taken back to the holding area and the surgeon notified of the patient's decision
The patient signed the consent for surgery and needs the procedure for dialysis. The team is obligated to proceed
The surgeon should be called to come in the room and explain to the patient why she must have the procedure ✔️The patient should be taken
back to the holding area and the surgeon notified of the patient's decision
, The informed consent remains in effect for as long as the person still agrees to the surgery or procedure. If at any time the patient no longer
agrees the consent is withdrawn. There is no exception to this. Medications given or forms signed does not remove the individual's right to
choose.
Alexander's Care of the Patient in Surgery 16th ed. Ch. 24
Counting sponges is a nursing action. The nurse is accountable. The belief that the surgeon is responsible for all actions taken by staff in
surgery, known as 'The Captain of the Ship' is outdated and no longer legally valid. The nurse is legally responsible for the surgical count. What
type of law deals with injury to a person such as a retained object?
Civil Law
Criminal Law
Civic Law
Tort Law ✔️Tort Law
A tort action law suit is filed when there is injury to a person caused by another person. A retained object is tort claim.
Berry and Kohn's Operating Room Technique 13th ed Ch 3
What is the Perioperative Nursing Data Set (PNDS), and its function?
The PNDS is a standardized vocabulary and care pathway in electronic documentation that can be aggregated and analyzed. It's used to
evaluate the effectiveness of nursing care on patient outcomes
The PNDS are standardized components of the perioperative nursing care used for reporting patient errors to hospital administration.
The PNDS is a set of possible outcomes for surgical patients used for quality reporting and sentinel events.
The PNDS is the foundation on which all surgical nursing research is based allowing definable and measurable results. ✔️The PNDS is a
standardized vocabulary and care pathway in electronic documentation that can be aggregated and analyzed. It's used to evaluate the
effectiveness of nursing care on patient outcomes
PNDS is a standardized language used to document patient care to enhance retrievability of data for evaluation of patient care.
Alexander's Care of the Patient in Surgery 16th ed. Ch 1
Mr S has tuberculosis and has just started a rifampin therapy this week. He was admitted through the ED with active TB and acute Cholecystitis.
The patient is stable and being made comfortable on the med/surg floor. At 1pm the general surgeon tells the charge nurse that surgery needs
to be done within the next 24 hours. The surgeon and charge nurse collaborate to work the cholecystectomy patient into the schedule. It would
be best if this patient's case is:
done as soon as possible. Other cases on todays schedule will be bumped forward to allow the case to proceed immediately.
scheduled as the first case of the following day.
fit into the middle of the schedule the following day during a three-hour period when the surgeon's usual room will be empty.
scheduled at the end of the day today ✔️scheduled at the end of the day today
Treatment of TB is long term, usually 6-12 months. This patient's case cannot be delayed until the sputum shows a smear negative for TB and
must be done while the patient is active. The case should be done at the end of the day when minimal personnel and patients are present and
there will be minimal traffic in the area.
