BIOS 256 Week 4 Quiz Exam 1 (Latest
Update ) Anatomy and
Physiology IV with Lab | Questions &
Answers | 100% Correct | Grade A –
Chamberlain
1. Which type of cell division results in two identical daughter
cells?
A) Meiosis
B) Binary fission
C) Budding
D) Mitosis
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Mitosis produces two genetically identical daughter cells
from a single parent cell.
2. What is the primary function of ribosomes in a cell?
A) Store DNA
B) Produce energy
C) Break down waste
D) Synthesize proteins
Correct Answer: D
,Rationale: Ribosomes read mRNA sequences to assemble amino
acids into proteins.
3. Which organelle contains digestive enzymes to break down
waste materials?
A) Lysosome
B) Golgi apparatus
C) Nucleus
D) Mitochondria
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Lysosomes contain hydrolytic enzymes that digest
cellular waste and foreign substances.
4. In eukaryotic cells, DNA is primarily stored in which
organelle?
A) Mitochondria
B) Nucleus
C) Ribosome
D) Cytoplasm
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The nucleus stores the majority of a eukaryotic cell’s
genetic material.
5. Which phase of the cell cycle involves DNA replication?
,A) G1 phase
B) G2 phase
C) M phase
D) S phase
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The S phase (Synthesis phase) is when DNA is replicated
in preparation for cell division.
6. Which macromolecule is the main component of cell
membranes?
A) Carbohydrates
B) Proteins
C) Nucleic acids
D) Lipids
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Phospholipids form the primary structure of the lipid
bilayer in cell membranes.
7. Which organelle is responsible for producing ATP?
A) Endoplasmic reticulum
B) Nucleus
C) Golgi apparatus
D) Mitochondria
Correct Answer: D
, Rationale: Mitochondria perform cellular respiration to generate
ATP, the cell’s main energy currency.
8. What is the functional unit of the kidney?
A) Neuron
B) Alveolus
C) Hepatocyte
D) Nephron
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The nephron filters blood and forms urine in the kidney.
9. Which of the following is a purine base in DNA?
A) Cytosine
B) Thymine
C) Adenine
D) Uracil
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Adenine and guanine are purines, while cytosine and
thymine are pyrimidines.
10. Which structure regulates what enters and exits the cell?
A) Nucleus
B) Ribosome
C) Cytoplasm
D) Plasma membrane
Update ) Anatomy and
Physiology IV with Lab | Questions &
Answers | 100% Correct | Grade A –
Chamberlain
1. Which type of cell division results in two identical daughter
cells?
A) Meiosis
B) Binary fission
C) Budding
D) Mitosis
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Mitosis produces two genetically identical daughter cells
from a single parent cell.
2. What is the primary function of ribosomes in a cell?
A) Store DNA
B) Produce energy
C) Break down waste
D) Synthesize proteins
Correct Answer: D
,Rationale: Ribosomes read mRNA sequences to assemble amino
acids into proteins.
3. Which organelle contains digestive enzymes to break down
waste materials?
A) Lysosome
B) Golgi apparatus
C) Nucleus
D) Mitochondria
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Lysosomes contain hydrolytic enzymes that digest
cellular waste and foreign substances.
4. In eukaryotic cells, DNA is primarily stored in which
organelle?
A) Mitochondria
B) Nucleus
C) Ribosome
D) Cytoplasm
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The nucleus stores the majority of a eukaryotic cell’s
genetic material.
5. Which phase of the cell cycle involves DNA replication?
,A) G1 phase
B) G2 phase
C) M phase
D) S phase
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The S phase (Synthesis phase) is when DNA is replicated
in preparation for cell division.
6. Which macromolecule is the main component of cell
membranes?
A) Carbohydrates
B) Proteins
C) Nucleic acids
D) Lipids
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Phospholipids form the primary structure of the lipid
bilayer in cell membranes.
7. Which organelle is responsible for producing ATP?
A) Endoplasmic reticulum
B) Nucleus
C) Golgi apparatus
D) Mitochondria
Correct Answer: D
, Rationale: Mitochondria perform cellular respiration to generate
ATP, the cell’s main energy currency.
8. What is the functional unit of the kidney?
A) Neuron
B) Alveolus
C) Hepatocyte
D) Nephron
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The nephron filters blood and forms urine in the kidney.
9. Which of the following is a purine base in DNA?
A) Cytosine
B) Thymine
C) Adenine
D) Uracil
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Adenine and guanine are purines, while cytosine and
thymine are pyrimidines.
10. Which structure regulates what enters and exits the cell?
A) Nucleus
B) Ribosome
C) Cytoplasm
D) Plasma membrane
