CSET - SCIENCE SUBTEST 1 | FROM QUESTION TO
PERFECTION| STUDY WITH CONFIDENCE!
sexual reproduction Answer: A reproductive process that involves two parents that combine
their genetic material to produce a new organism, which differs from both parents
Hypothesis Answer: A testable prediction, often implied by a theory
Scientific Method Answer: A series of steps followed to solve problems including collecting
data, formulating a hypothesis, testing the hypothesis, and stating conclusions.
Atoms Answer: Smallest component of an element. Consists of protons, neutrons and electrons.
Neutrons Answer: the particles of the nucleus that have no charge located in the nucleus of the
atom.
sporophyte generation (diploid) Answer: asexual stage of a plant's life cycle, produce spores by
meiosis.
Protons Answer: positively charged subatomic particles located in the nucleus. The number of
protons determines the identity of an element.
Electrons Answer: negatively charged subatomic particles which orbit the nucleus. determine
how an element reacts with other elements.
Elements Answer: A molecule composed of one kind of atom; cannot be broken into simpler
units by chemical reactions. Defined by how many protons it contains. Each element contains a
different number of protons, neutrons and electrons.
Ions Answer: an atom with a positive or negative electric charge due to the loss or gain of one
or more electrons.
Molecule Answer: two or more atoms held together by covalent bonds
Compound Answer: a molecule that contains at least two different elements
organic compounds Answer: compounds that contain the element carbon
Inorganic Compound Answer: compounds that do not contain the element carbon
Catenation Answer: the covalent bonding of an element to itself to form chains or rings
Carbon Answer: Basis of Life, can form single, double and triple bonds.
ionic bond Answer: Molecules transfer electrons, creating ions.Do not share electrons. Donate
or accept electrons
covalent bond Answer: Cozy Covalent - Molecules share electrons
Nucleus Answer: center of an atom, formed by the protons and neutrons. Contains the genetic
information (DNA) and directs most of the cell's activities. both plant and animals. large and
oval
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, Isotope Answer: Occur when two or more forms of the same element contains equal number of
protons but different number of neutrons in the nuclei.
radioactive isotope Answer: An isotope whose nucleus decays over time, giving off particles
and energy.
atomic number Answer: the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom
Periodic Table of Elements Answer: A table that classifies elements by their physical and
chemical properties; rows are called periods; columns are called groups. Elements are ordered
by number of protons. Elements broken into 3 primary types: Metals, semi-metals (mettalloids),
and nonmetals. Elements Atomic Number increases as we move left to right on the rows
(increased protons).
Metals Answer: Elements that are good conductors of electric current and heat. Shiny metallic
appearance, solids at room temp (except mercury)
semi-metals/metalloids Answer: Elements that have characteristics of both metals and non-
metals. makes good semiconductors
Non-metals Answer: Elements that have low conductivity, not ductile, not malleable, brittle,
dull, gas at room temp
inert/noble gases Answer: Do not bond. (Elements on the right side of the Periodic Table
because their outer shells are full.) Very stable.
atomic weight/mass Answer: the number of protons plus the number of neutrons
valence electrons Answer: Electrons on the outermost energy level of an atom. Determines how
an element will react chemically. Same for each element in a vertical column. In a typical
reaction the valence numbers of all atoms involved equals zero (-1 with 1 = 0).
chemical reaction Answer: occurs when two or more atoms react to form an entirely new
substance. Equations for chemical reactions must be balanced. The same number of atoms of
each type must appear on each side of the reaction. The reactant is on the left and the product is
on the right.
Radioactivity Answer: the emission of ionizing radiation or particles caused by the spontaneous
disintegration of atomic nuclei. Decomposition of a nucleus to form a different nucleus
Transmutation Answer: A change in the identity of a nucleus as a result of a change in the
number of its protons
ionizing radiation Answer: Th release of energy that allows an unstable nucleus to attain a more
stable form.
alpha decay Answer: A nuclear reaction in which an atom emits an alpha particle consisting of
two protons and two neutrons. This increases the atomic number by 2 and the mass number by
4.
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2
PERFECTION| STUDY WITH CONFIDENCE!
sexual reproduction Answer: A reproductive process that involves two parents that combine
their genetic material to produce a new organism, which differs from both parents
Hypothesis Answer: A testable prediction, often implied by a theory
Scientific Method Answer: A series of steps followed to solve problems including collecting
data, formulating a hypothesis, testing the hypothesis, and stating conclusions.
Atoms Answer: Smallest component of an element. Consists of protons, neutrons and electrons.
Neutrons Answer: the particles of the nucleus that have no charge located in the nucleus of the
atom.
sporophyte generation (diploid) Answer: asexual stage of a plant's life cycle, produce spores by
meiosis.
Protons Answer: positively charged subatomic particles located in the nucleus. The number of
protons determines the identity of an element.
Electrons Answer: negatively charged subatomic particles which orbit the nucleus. determine
how an element reacts with other elements.
Elements Answer: A molecule composed of one kind of atom; cannot be broken into simpler
units by chemical reactions. Defined by how many protons it contains. Each element contains a
different number of protons, neutrons and electrons.
Ions Answer: an atom with a positive or negative electric charge due to the loss or gain of one
or more electrons.
Molecule Answer: two or more atoms held together by covalent bonds
Compound Answer: a molecule that contains at least two different elements
organic compounds Answer: compounds that contain the element carbon
Inorganic Compound Answer: compounds that do not contain the element carbon
Catenation Answer: the covalent bonding of an element to itself to form chains or rings
Carbon Answer: Basis of Life, can form single, double and triple bonds.
ionic bond Answer: Molecules transfer electrons, creating ions.Do not share electrons. Donate
or accept electrons
covalent bond Answer: Cozy Covalent - Molecules share electrons
Nucleus Answer: center of an atom, formed by the protons and neutrons. Contains the genetic
information (DNA) and directs most of the cell's activities. both plant and animals. large and
oval
APPHIA – Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence.
1
, Isotope Answer: Occur when two or more forms of the same element contains equal number of
protons but different number of neutrons in the nuclei.
radioactive isotope Answer: An isotope whose nucleus decays over time, giving off particles
and energy.
atomic number Answer: the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom
Periodic Table of Elements Answer: A table that classifies elements by their physical and
chemical properties; rows are called periods; columns are called groups. Elements are ordered
by number of protons. Elements broken into 3 primary types: Metals, semi-metals (mettalloids),
and nonmetals. Elements Atomic Number increases as we move left to right on the rows
(increased protons).
Metals Answer: Elements that are good conductors of electric current and heat. Shiny metallic
appearance, solids at room temp (except mercury)
semi-metals/metalloids Answer: Elements that have characteristics of both metals and non-
metals. makes good semiconductors
Non-metals Answer: Elements that have low conductivity, not ductile, not malleable, brittle,
dull, gas at room temp
inert/noble gases Answer: Do not bond. (Elements on the right side of the Periodic Table
because their outer shells are full.) Very stable.
atomic weight/mass Answer: the number of protons plus the number of neutrons
valence electrons Answer: Electrons on the outermost energy level of an atom. Determines how
an element will react chemically. Same for each element in a vertical column. In a typical
reaction the valence numbers of all atoms involved equals zero (-1 with 1 = 0).
chemical reaction Answer: occurs when two or more atoms react to form an entirely new
substance. Equations for chemical reactions must be balanced. The same number of atoms of
each type must appear on each side of the reaction. The reactant is on the left and the product is
on the right.
Radioactivity Answer: the emission of ionizing radiation or particles caused by the spontaneous
disintegration of atomic nuclei. Decomposition of a nucleus to form a different nucleus
Transmutation Answer: A change in the identity of a nucleus as a result of a change in the
number of its protons
ionizing radiation Answer: Th release of energy that allows an unstable nucleus to attain a more
stable form.
alpha decay Answer: A nuclear reaction in which an atom emits an alpha particle consisting of
two protons and two neutrons. This increases the atomic number by 2 and the mass number by
4.
APPHIA – Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence.
2
