AMERICAN POLITICS AND THE US CONSTITUTION - C963 WGU
natrual rights - CORRECT ANSWER-Life, Liberty, and Property
John Locke - CORRECT ANSWER-17th century English philosopher who opposed
the Divine Right of Kings and who asserted that people have a natural right to
life, liberty, and property.
State of Nature - CORRECT ANSWER-Hypothetical condition assumed to exist in
the absence of government where human beings live in "complete" freedom
and general equality.
Due Process - CORRECT ANSWER-involves the government's obligation to treat
all citizens fairly. Such a requirement lessens the extent to which government
power can be exercised over the individual, making the power differential
between the two more fair, and ensuring a general sense of political equality
Social Contract - CORRECT ANSWER-A voluntary agreement among individuals
to secure their rights and welfare by creating a government and abiding by its
rules.
Thomas Hobbes (1588-1679) - CORRECT ANSWER-One of the first individuals to
contribute to the idea of the social contract was a pre-Enlightenment English
philosopher
Leviathan (1651): Thomas Hobbes - CORRECT ANSWER-Hobbes argues that
society is not something natural and immutable, but rather it is something
created by us.
,Labor Movement - CORRECT ANSWER-the formation of labor unions, during
the 1880's, for the workers to receive better treatment by
Constitution - CORRECT ANSWER-A document which spells out the principles
by which a government runs and the fundamental laws that govern a society
Bill of Rights - CORRECT ANSWER-The first ten amendments to the Constitution
Declaration of Independence - CORRECT ANSWER-the document recording the
proclamation of the second Continental Congress (4 July 1776) asserting the
independence of the colonies from Great Britain
Thomas Jefferson - CORRECT ANSWER-Wrote the Declaration of Independence
Shays's Rebellion (1786-1787) - CORRECT ANSWER-which almost resulted in
potential mob rule, suggested there might be too much democracy at play, and
that maybe individual liberty was going too far
Articles of Confederation - CORRECT ANSWER-A weak constitution that
governed America during the Revolutionary War.
Federalist no. 51 - CORRECT ANSWER-Argues that separation of powers within
the national government is the best way to prevent the concentration of power
in the hands of one person or a single group.
First Amendment - CORRECT ANSWER-Congress shall make no law respecting
an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or
abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people
peaceably to assemble, and to petition the government for a redress of
grievances.
,Second Amendment - CORRECT ANSWER-Right to keep and bear arms
Third Amendment - CORRECT ANSWER-The government may not house
soldiers in private homes without consent of the owner
Forth Amendment - CORRECT ANSWER-It protects people against unfair
searches of their homes; search and seizure.
Fifth Amendment - CORRECT ANSWER-A constitutional amendment designed
to protect the rights of persons accused of crimes, including protection against
double jeopardy, self-incrimination, and punishment without due process of
law.
Sixth Amendment - CORRECT ANSWER-Right to a speedy and public trial
Seventh Amendment - CORRECT ANSWER-Right to a trial by jury in civil cases
Eighth Amendment - CORRECT ANSWER-No cruel and unusual punishment
Nineth Amendment - CORRECT ANSWER-peoples rights are not just limited to
those listed in the Constitution and Bill of Rights
Tenth Amendment - CORRECT ANSWER-Amendment stating that the powers
not delegated to the federal gov. are reserved to the states
bicameral legislature - CORRECT ANSWER-A law making body made of two
houses (bi means 2). Example: Congress (our legislature) is made of two house
- The House of Representatives and The Senate.
, House of Representatives - CORRECT ANSWER-the lower house of Congress,
consisting of a different number of representatives from each state, depending
on population
New Jersey Plan - CORRECT ANSWER-Proposal to create a weak national
government
Virginia Plan - CORRECT ANSWER-Proposal to create a strong national
government
Constitutional Convention - CORRECT ANSWER-Meeting in 1787 of the elected
representatives of the thirteen original states to write the Constitution of the
United States.
unicameral legislature - CORRECT ANSWER-One-house legislature
Three-Fifths Compromise - CORRECT ANSWER-Agreement that each slave
counted as three-fifths of a person in determining representation in the House
for representation and taxation purposes (negated by the 13th amendment)
Checks and Balances - CORRECT ANSWER-A system that allows each branch of
government to limit the powers of the other branches in order to prevent
abuse of power
Separation of Powers - CORRECT ANSWER-Constitutional division of powers
among the legislative, executive, and judicial branches, with the legislative
branch making law, the executive applying and enforcing the law, and the
judiciary interpreting the law
natrual rights - CORRECT ANSWER-Life, Liberty, and Property
John Locke - CORRECT ANSWER-17th century English philosopher who opposed
the Divine Right of Kings and who asserted that people have a natural right to
life, liberty, and property.
State of Nature - CORRECT ANSWER-Hypothetical condition assumed to exist in
the absence of government where human beings live in "complete" freedom
and general equality.
Due Process - CORRECT ANSWER-involves the government's obligation to treat
all citizens fairly. Such a requirement lessens the extent to which government
power can be exercised over the individual, making the power differential
between the two more fair, and ensuring a general sense of political equality
Social Contract - CORRECT ANSWER-A voluntary agreement among individuals
to secure their rights and welfare by creating a government and abiding by its
rules.
Thomas Hobbes (1588-1679) - CORRECT ANSWER-One of the first individuals to
contribute to the idea of the social contract was a pre-Enlightenment English
philosopher
Leviathan (1651): Thomas Hobbes - CORRECT ANSWER-Hobbes argues that
society is not something natural and immutable, but rather it is something
created by us.
,Labor Movement - CORRECT ANSWER-the formation of labor unions, during
the 1880's, for the workers to receive better treatment by
Constitution - CORRECT ANSWER-A document which spells out the principles
by which a government runs and the fundamental laws that govern a society
Bill of Rights - CORRECT ANSWER-The first ten amendments to the Constitution
Declaration of Independence - CORRECT ANSWER-the document recording the
proclamation of the second Continental Congress (4 July 1776) asserting the
independence of the colonies from Great Britain
Thomas Jefferson - CORRECT ANSWER-Wrote the Declaration of Independence
Shays's Rebellion (1786-1787) - CORRECT ANSWER-which almost resulted in
potential mob rule, suggested there might be too much democracy at play, and
that maybe individual liberty was going too far
Articles of Confederation - CORRECT ANSWER-A weak constitution that
governed America during the Revolutionary War.
Federalist no. 51 - CORRECT ANSWER-Argues that separation of powers within
the national government is the best way to prevent the concentration of power
in the hands of one person or a single group.
First Amendment - CORRECT ANSWER-Congress shall make no law respecting
an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or
abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people
peaceably to assemble, and to petition the government for a redress of
grievances.
,Second Amendment - CORRECT ANSWER-Right to keep and bear arms
Third Amendment - CORRECT ANSWER-The government may not house
soldiers in private homes without consent of the owner
Forth Amendment - CORRECT ANSWER-It protects people against unfair
searches of their homes; search and seizure.
Fifth Amendment - CORRECT ANSWER-A constitutional amendment designed
to protect the rights of persons accused of crimes, including protection against
double jeopardy, self-incrimination, and punishment without due process of
law.
Sixth Amendment - CORRECT ANSWER-Right to a speedy and public trial
Seventh Amendment - CORRECT ANSWER-Right to a trial by jury in civil cases
Eighth Amendment - CORRECT ANSWER-No cruel and unusual punishment
Nineth Amendment - CORRECT ANSWER-peoples rights are not just limited to
those listed in the Constitution and Bill of Rights
Tenth Amendment - CORRECT ANSWER-Amendment stating that the powers
not delegated to the federal gov. are reserved to the states
bicameral legislature - CORRECT ANSWER-A law making body made of two
houses (bi means 2). Example: Congress (our legislature) is made of two house
- The House of Representatives and The Senate.
, House of Representatives - CORRECT ANSWER-the lower house of Congress,
consisting of a different number of representatives from each state, depending
on population
New Jersey Plan - CORRECT ANSWER-Proposal to create a weak national
government
Virginia Plan - CORRECT ANSWER-Proposal to create a strong national
government
Constitutional Convention - CORRECT ANSWER-Meeting in 1787 of the elected
representatives of the thirteen original states to write the Constitution of the
United States.
unicameral legislature - CORRECT ANSWER-One-house legislature
Three-Fifths Compromise - CORRECT ANSWER-Agreement that each slave
counted as three-fifths of a person in determining representation in the House
for representation and taxation purposes (negated by the 13th amendment)
Checks and Balances - CORRECT ANSWER-A system that allows each branch of
government to limit the powers of the other branches in order to prevent
abuse of power
Separation of Powers - CORRECT ANSWER-Constitutional division of powers
among the legislative, executive, and judicial branches, with the legislative
branch making law, the executive applying and enforcing the law, and the
judiciary interpreting the law
