BIOS 252 Weeks 5, 6, 7 Exam – Actual
Exam 2026/2027 | Anatomy &
Physiology II with Lab | Chamberlain |
Verified Questions & Answers | 100%
Correct | Pass Guaranteed
SECTION 1: ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Question 1
Which thyroid hormone lowers calcium and phosphate ion
concentration in the blood?
A) Thyroxine (T4)
B) Triiodothyronine (T3)
C) Calcitonin
D) Parathyroid hormone
Rationale: Calcitonin is secreted by the thyroid gland's
parafollicular cells and acts to lower blood calcium and
phosphate levels by inhibiting osteoclast activity and
stimulating calcium deposition in bone. This is opposite to
parathyroid hormone (PTH), which raises blood calcium.
,Question 2
The hormone ________, which is secreted by the adrenal
________, causes the kidney to conserve sodium and excrete
potassium ions and indirectly helps to maintain systemic
blood pressure.
A) Cortisol; medulla
B) Aldosterone; cortex
C) Epinephrine; medulla
D) Androgens; cortex
Rationale: Aldosterone is a mineralocorticoid secreted by the
adrenal cortex (zona glomerulosa). It acts on the distal
tubules and collecting ducts of the kidneys to increase
sodium reabsorption and potassium secretion, which leads
to water retention and increased blood pressure.
Question 3
In the pancreas, ________ cells secrete insulin, which ________
blood levels of glucose.
A) Alpha; raises
B) Beta; lowers
C) Delta; raises
D) Acinar; lowers
,Rationale: Beta cells of the pancreatic islets (islets of
Langerhans) produce insulin. Insulin facilitates cellular
uptake of glucose, promoting glycogenesis and lipogenesis,
thereby lowering blood glucose levels. Alpha cells produce
glucagon, which raises blood glucose.
Question 4
Which gland is responsible for producing thymosin, a
hormone involved in the maturation of T lymphocytes?
A) Thyroid gland
B) Thymus gland
C) Pineal gland
D) Adrenal gland
Rationale: The thymus gland secretes thymosin and other
thymic hormones that promote the maturation and
differentiation of T lymphocytes (T cells), which are essential
for cell-mediated immunity. The thymus is most active
during childhood and gradually atrophies after puberty.
Question 5
, True or False: Melatonin, produced by the pineal gland,
plays a key role in regulating circadian rhythms and sleep
patterns.
A) True
B) False
Rationale: Melatonin is synthesized and secreted by the
pineal gland in response to darkness. It regulates the sleep-
wake cycle (circadian rhythm) by promoting sleepiness.
Production increases at night and decreases during daylight
hours.
Question 6
Which of the following symptoms is characteristic of
hyperthyroidism?
A) Cold intolerance
B) Heat intolerance
C) Weight gain
D) Bradycardia
Rationale: Hyperthyroidism involves excessive thyroid
hormone production, which increases basal metabolic rate.
This leads to heat intolerance (excessive sweating,
preference for cool environments), weight loss, tachycardia,
Exam 2026/2027 | Anatomy &
Physiology II with Lab | Chamberlain |
Verified Questions & Answers | 100%
Correct | Pass Guaranteed
SECTION 1: ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Question 1
Which thyroid hormone lowers calcium and phosphate ion
concentration in the blood?
A) Thyroxine (T4)
B) Triiodothyronine (T3)
C) Calcitonin
D) Parathyroid hormone
Rationale: Calcitonin is secreted by the thyroid gland's
parafollicular cells and acts to lower blood calcium and
phosphate levels by inhibiting osteoclast activity and
stimulating calcium deposition in bone. This is opposite to
parathyroid hormone (PTH), which raises blood calcium.
,Question 2
The hormone ________, which is secreted by the adrenal
________, causes the kidney to conserve sodium and excrete
potassium ions and indirectly helps to maintain systemic
blood pressure.
A) Cortisol; medulla
B) Aldosterone; cortex
C) Epinephrine; medulla
D) Androgens; cortex
Rationale: Aldosterone is a mineralocorticoid secreted by the
adrenal cortex (zona glomerulosa). It acts on the distal
tubules and collecting ducts of the kidneys to increase
sodium reabsorption and potassium secretion, which leads
to water retention and increased blood pressure.
Question 3
In the pancreas, ________ cells secrete insulin, which ________
blood levels of glucose.
A) Alpha; raises
B) Beta; lowers
C) Delta; raises
D) Acinar; lowers
,Rationale: Beta cells of the pancreatic islets (islets of
Langerhans) produce insulin. Insulin facilitates cellular
uptake of glucose, promoting glycogenesis and lipogenesis,
thereby lowering blood glucose levels. Alpha cells produce
glucagon, which raises blood glucose.
Question 4
Which gland is responsible for producing thymosin, a
hormone involved in the maturation of T lymphocytes?
A) Thyroid gland
B) Thymus gland
C) Pineal gland
D) Adrenal gland
Rationale: The thymus gland secretes thymosin and other
thymic hormones that promote the maturation and
differentiation of T lymphocytes (T cells), which are essential
for cell-mediated immunity. The thymus is most active
during childhood and gradually atrophies after puberty.
Question 5
, True or False: Melatonin, produced by the pineal gland,
plays a key role in regulating circadian rhythms and sleep
patterns.
A) True
B) False
Rationale: Melatonin is synthesized and secreted by the
pineal gland in response to darkness. It regulates the sleep-
wake cycle (circadian rhythm) by promoting sleepiness.
Production increases at night and decreases during daylight
hours.
Question 6
Which of the following symptoms is characteristic of
hyperthyroidism?
A) Cold intolerance
B) Heat intolerance
C) Weight gain
D) Bradycardia
Rationale: Hyperthyroidism involves excessive thyroid
hormone production, which increases basal metabolic rate.
This leads to heat intolerance (excessive sweating,
preference for cool environments), weight loss, tachycardia,
