Solution and Answer Guide: Jeffus, Welding Principles and Applications 10e, ©2027, 9798214114514; Chapter 1: Introduction to Welding
Solution and Answer Guide
JEFFUS, WELDING PRINCIPLES AND APPLICATIONS 10E, ©2027, 9798214114514;
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION TO WELDING
CHAPTER 1 REVIEW QUESTIONS
1. Stick welding, rod welding, or just welding are other names for _________.
A. flux cored arc welding
B. gas metal arc welding
C. gas tungsten arc welding
D. shielded metal arc welding
Answer: D
Rationale: Shielded metal arc welding (SMAW) is also referred to as stick welding, rod welding, or
simply welding.
Refer to: Welding Terminology
2. A joining process that produces coalescence of materials by heating them to the welding temperature, with
or without the application of pressure or by the application of pressure alone, and with or without the use of
filler metal is the definition of __________.
A. welding
B. liquid solid phase bonding
C. soldering
D. glue joining
Answer: A
Rationale: Welding is defined as “a joining process that produces coalescence of materials by heating
them to the welding temperature, with or without the application of pressure or by the application of
pressure alone, and with or without the use of filler metal.”
Refer to: Welding Defined
3. In what welding processes is a high-temperature flame produced at the torch tip by burning oxygen and a
fuel gas?
A. GTAW
B. OFW
C. Forge welding
D. GMAW
Answer: B
Rationale: In OF welding, a high-temperature flame is produced at the torch tip by burning oxygen and a
fuel gas. The base metal is melted and a filler metal may be added to reinforce the weld.
Refer to: Oxyacetylene Welding, Brazing, and Cutting
4. Which welding process uses a consumable covered metal electrode that conducts the welding current from
the electrode holder to the workpiece, and as the arc melts the end of the electrode away, it becomes part of
the weld metal?
© 2027 Cengage Learning, Inc. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly 1
accessible website, in whole or in part.
, Solution and Answer Guide: Jeffus, Welding Principles and Applications 10e, ©2027, 9798214114514; Chapter 1: Introduction to Welding
A. OAW
B. FTAW
C. SMAW
D. TB
Answer: C
Rationale: Shielded metal arc welding (SMAW) uses a consumable covered metal electrode that
conducts the welding current from the electrode holder to the workpiece, and as the arc melts the end of the
electrode away, it becomes part of the weld metal.
Refer to: Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW)
5. SMA welding equipment can consist of a welding transformer, two welding cables, a workpiece clamp, and
___________.
A. a set of regulators
B. shielding gas
C. a ground cable
D. an electrode holder
Answer: D
Rationale: SMA welding equipment can be very basic as compared to other welding processes. It can
consist of a welding transformer and two welding cables with a workpiece clamp and electrode holder.
Refer to: Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW)
6. Which welding process uses a nonconsumable electrode made of tungsten?
A. GTAW
B. Friction welding
C. Torch welding
D. SMAW
Answer: A
Rationale: GTAW uses a nonconsumable electrode made of tungsten. In GTA welding the arc is
between the electrode and the base metal. The arc melts the base metal and the end of the filler metal. The
filler metal is manually dipped into the molten weld pool.
Refer to: Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW)
7. Why must all surface contamination be cleaned from the part and filler metal for GTA welding?
A. It helps you to see the weld better.
B. There is no flux used to clean the weld.
C. The arc light will reflect off the surface so you can see better.
D. It helps the braze metal flow into the joint better.
Answer: B
Rationale: In GTA welding, there is no flux used to clean the weld in GTA welding. Thus, all surface
contamination, such as oxides, oil, dirt, and others, must be cleaned from the part being welded and the
filler metal so that they do not contaminate the weld.
Refer to: Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW)
8. Which welding process uses a solid electrode wire that is fed from a spool?
A. TB
© 2027 Cengage Learning, Inc. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly 2
accessible website, in whole or in part.
, Solution and Answer Guide: Jeffus, Welding Principles and Applications 10e, ©2027, 9798214114514; Chapter 1: Introduction to Welding
B. Friction welding
C. GMAW
D. OFW
Answer: C
Rationale: Gas metal arc welding (GMAW) uses a solid electrode wire that is continuously fed from a
spool, through the welding cable assembly, and out through the gun.
Refer to: Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW)
9. Which welding process uses a flux core electrode wire that is continuously fed from a spool?
A. GTAW
B. SMAW
C. GMAW
D. FCAW
Answer: D
Rationale: Flux cored arc welding (FCAW) uses a flux core electrode wire that is continuously fed from
a spool, through the welding cable assembly, and out through the gun.
Refer to: Flux Cored Arc Welding (FCAW)
10. An advantage of FCAW is ___________.
A. faster welding speed
B. no postweld cleanup
C. welding very thin sheet metal
D. no weld spatter
Answer: A
Rationale: FCAW advantages include high quality, versatility, and welding speed.
Refer to: Flux Cored Arc Welding (FCAW)
11. Which thermal cutting process uses a high-temperature flame to heat the surface of a piece of steel to a
point where a forceful stream of oxygen flowing out a center hole in the tip causes the hot steel to burn
away, leaving a gap or cut?
A. GTAW
B. OFC
C. Gas cutting
D. PAC
Answer: B
Rationale: Oxyfuel gas cutting (OFC) uses the high-temperature flame to heat the surface of a piece of
steel to a point where a forceful stream of oxygen flowing out a center hole in the tip causes the hot steel to
burn away, leaving a gap or cut. Because OF cutting relies on the rapid oxidation of the base metal at
elevated temperatures to make a cut, the types of metals and alloys it can be used on are limited.
Refer to: Oxyfuel Gas Cutting (OFC)
12. Which thermal cutting process uses a stiff, highly ionized, extremely hot column of gas to almost instantly
vaporize the metal being cut?
A. Gas torch cutting
B. Gas torch cutter
C. PAC
© 2027 Cengage Learning, Inc. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly 3
accessible website, in whole or in part.
, Solution and Answer Guide: Jeffus, Welding Principles and Applications 10e, ©2027, 9798214114514; Chapter 1: Introduction to Welding
D. GMA cutting
Answer: C
Rationale: Plasma arc cutting (PAC) uses a stiff, highly ionized, extremely hot concentric column of gas
to almost instantly vaporize the metal being cut. Most ionized plasma is formed as high-pressure air is
forced through a very small opening between a tungsten electrode and the torch tip.
Refer to: Plasma Arc Cutting (PAC)
13. Plasma arc cutting equipment consists of a transformer power source, plasma torch and cable, workpiece
clamp and cable, and ___________.
A. pressurized air supply
B. way of cleaning the metal before cutting
C. grinder to clean off the slag
D. supply of cutting oil
Answer: A
Rationale: PA cutting equipment consists of a transformer power source, plasma torch and cable,
workpiece clamp and cable, and air supply. Some PA cutting equipment has self-contained air compressors.
Refer to: Plasma Arc Cutting (PAC)
14. In which type of welding method is filler metal added automatically and all other manipulation done by the
welder?
A. Automatic
B. Automated
C. Manual
D. Semiautomatic
Answer: D
Rationale: In semiautomatic operation, filler metal is added automatically and all other manipulation is
done by the welder.
Refer to: Selection of the Joining Process
© 2027 Cengage Learning, Inc. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly 4
accessible website, in whole or in part.
Solution and Answer Guide
JEFFUS, WELDING PRINCIPLES AND APPLICATIONS 10E, ©2027, 9798214114514;
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION TO WELDING
CHAPTER 1 REVIEW QUESTIONS
1. Stick welding, rod welding, or just welding are other names for _________.
A. flux cored arc welding
B. gas metal arc welding
C. gas tungsten arc welding
D. shielded metal arc welding
Answer: D
Rationale: Shielded metal arc welding (SMAW) is also referred to as stick welding, rod welding, or
simply welding.
Refer to: Welding Terminology
2. A joining process that produces coalescence of materials by heating them to the welding temperature, with
or without the application of pressure or by the application of pressure alone, and with or without the use of
filler metal is the definition of __________.
A. welding
B. liquid solid phase bonding
C. soldering
D. glue joining
Answer: A
Rationale: Welding is defined as “a joining process that produces coalescence of materials by heating
them to the welding temperature, with or without the application of pressure or by the application of
pressure alone, and with or without the use of filler metal.”
Refer to: Welding Defined
3. In what welding processes is a high-temperature flame produced at the torch tip by burning oxygen and a
fuel gas?
A. GTAW
B. OFW
C. Forge welding
D. GMAW
Answer: B
Rationale: In OF welding, a high-temperature flame is produced at the torch tip by burning oxygen and a
fuel gas. The base metal is melted and a filler metal may be added to reinforce the weld.
Refer to: Oxyacetylene Welding, Brazing, and Cutting
4. Which welding process uses a consumable covered metal electrode that conducts the welding current from
the electrode holder to the workpiece, and as the arc melts the end of the electrode away, it becomes part of
the weld metal?
© 2027 Cengage Learning, Inc. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly 1
accessible website, in whole or in part.
, Solution and Answer Guide: Jeffus, Welding Principles and Applications 10e, ©2027, 9798214114514; Chapter 1: Introduction to Welding
A. OAW
B. FTAW
C. SMAW
D. TB
Answer: C
Rationale: Shielded metal arc welding (SMAW) uses a consumable covered metal electrode that
conducts the welding current from the electrode holder to the workpiece, and as the arc melts the end of the
electrode away, it becomes part of the weld metal.
Refer to: Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW)
5. SMA welding equipment can consist of a welding transformer, two welding cables, a workpiece clamp, and
___________.
A. a set of regulators
B. shielding gas
C. a ground cable
D. an electrode holder
Answer: D
Rationale: SMA welding equipment can be very basic as compared to other welding processes. It can
consist of a welding transformer and two welding cables with a workpiece clamp and electrode holder.
Refer to: Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW)
6. Which welding process uses a nonconsumable electrode made of tungsten?
A. GTAW
B. Friction welding
C. Torch welding
D. SMAW
Answer: A
Rationale: GTAW uses a nonconsumable electrode made of tungsten. In GTA welding the arc is
between the electrode and the base metal. The arc melts the base metal and the end of the filler metal. The
filler metal is manually dipped into the molten weld pool.
Refer to: Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW)
7. Why must all surface contamination be cleaned from the part and filler metal for GTA welding?
A. It helps you to see the weld better.
B. There is no flux used to clean the weld.
C. The arc light will reflect off the surface so you can see better.
D. It helps the braze metal flow into the joint better.
Answer: B
Rationale: In GTA welding, there is no flux used to clean the weld in GTA welding. Thus, all surface
contamination, such as oxides, oil, dirt, and others, must be cleaned from the part being welded and the
filler metal so that they do not contaminate the weld.
Refer to: Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW)
8. Which welding process uses a solid electrode wire that is fed from a spool?
A. TB
© 2027 Cengage Learning, Inc. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly 2
accessible website, in whole or in part.
, Solution and Answer Guide: Jeffus, Welding Principles and Applications 10e, ©2027, 9798214114514; Chapter 1: Introduction to Welding
B. Friction welding
C. GMAW
D. OFW
Answer: C
Rationale: Gas metal arc welding (GMAW) uses a solid electrode wire that is continuously fed from a
spool, through the welding cable assembly, and out through the gun.
Refer to: Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW)
9. Which welding process uses a flux core electrode wire that is continuously fed from a spool?
A. GTAW
B. SMAW
C. GMAW
D. FCAW
Answer: D
Rationale: Flux cored arc welding (FCAW) uses a flux core electrode wire that is continuously fed from
a spool, through the welding cable assembly, and out through the gun.
Refer to: Flux Cored Arc Welding (FCAW)
10. An advantage of FCAW is ___________.
A. faster welding speed
B. no postweld cleanup
C. welding very thin sheet metal
D. no weld spatter
Answer: A
Rationale: FCAW advantages include high quality, versatility, and welding speed.
Refer to: Flux Cored Arc Welding (FCAW)
11. Which thermal cutting process uses a high-temperature flame to heat the surface of a piece of steel to a
point where a forceful stream of oxygen flowing out a center hole in the tip causes the hot steel to burn
away, leaving a gap or cut?
A. GTAW
B. OFC
C. Gas cutting
D. PAC
Answer: B
Rationale: Oxyfuel gas cutting (OFC) uses the high-temperature flame to heat the surface of a piece of
steel to a point where a forceful stream of oxygen flowing out a center hole in the tip causes the hot steel to
burn away, leaving a gap or cut. Because OF cutting relies on the rapid oxidation of the base metal at
elevated temperatures to make a cut, the types of metals and alloys it can be used on are limited.
Refer to: Oxyfuel Gas Cutting (OFC)
12. Which thermal cutting process uses a stiff, highly ionized, extremely hot column of gas to almost instantly
vaporize the metal being cut?
A. Gas torch cutting
B. Gas torch cutter
C. PAC
© 2027 Cengage Learning, Inc. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly 3
accessible website, in whole or in part.
, Solution and Answer Guide: Jeffus, Welding Principles and Applications 10e, ©2027, 9798214114514; Chapter 1: Introduction to Welding
D. GMA cutting
Answer: C
Rationale: Plasma arc cutting (PAC) uses a stiff, highly ionized, extremely hot concentric column of gas
to almost instantly vaporize the metal being cut. Most ionized plasma is formed as high-pressure air is
forced through a very small opening between a tungsten electrode and the torch tip.
Refer to: Plasma Arc Cutting (PAC)
13. Plasma arc cutting equipment consists of a transformer power source, plasma torch and cable, workpiece
clamp and cable, and ___________.
A. pressurized air supply
B. way of cleaning the metal before cutting
C. grinder to clean off the slag
D. supply of cutting oil
Answer: A
Rationale: PA cutting equipment consists of a transformer power source, plasma torch and cable,
workpiece clamp and cable, and air supply. Some PA cutting equipment has self-contained air compressors.
Refer to: Plasma Arc Cutting (PAC)
14. In which type of welding method is filler metal added automatically and all other manipulation done by the
welder?
A. Automatic
B. Automated
C. Manual
D. Semiautomatic
Answer: D
Rationale: In semiautomatic operation, filler metal is added automatically and all other manipulation is
done by the welder.
Refer to: Selection of the Joining Process
© 2027 Cengage Learning, Inc. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly 4
accessible website, in whole or in part.
