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Exam (elaborations)

ABPN Vascular Neurology Certification Examination Original Practice Questions (Translation)

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ABPN Vascular Neurology Certification Examination Original Practice Questions (Translation)

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ABPN 血管神经病学认证考试原创练习题(100 题)

说明:以下题目为原创学习材料,依据 ABPN 公开的考试内容大纲编写。ABPN 血管神
经病学认证考试共 220 道题,涵盖脑血管疾病的病理生理、诊断、治疗和预防等核心
领域。正规备考资源推荐 Vascular Neurology Board Review: Questions and Answers(第 2
版,620 题)。

第一部分:血管解剖与定位诊断(1–20)

1. 一名 65 岁男性突发右侧面部和上肢无力,言语含糊。MRI 显示左侧中央前回急性梗

死。最可能闭塞的动脉是?

A. 左侧大脑前动脉(ACA)

B. 左侧大脑中动脉(MCA)
C. 左侧大脑后动脉(PCA)

D. 基底动脉

答案:B。MCA 供应外侧额叶和顶叶,包括面部和上肢的初级运动皮层,因此导致对

侧面部和上肢无力。

2. 一名患者突发眩晕、恶心和肢体共济失调。MRI 显示小脑半球梗死。最可能受累的

动脉是?

A. 小脑上动脉(SCA)

B. 小脑后下动脉(PICA)

C. 小脑前下动脉(AICA)

D. 基底动脉

答案:B。PICA 供应小脑下部和小脑延髓外侧,梗死表现为眩晕、肢体共济失调和恶

心。

3. 一名 58 岁女性突发左侧视野缺损。MRI 显示右侧枕叶梗死。最可能受累的动脉是?

A. 大脑后动脉(PCA)

B. 大脑中动脉(MCA)

, 2



C. 大脑前动脉(ACA)

D. 颈内动脉

答案:A。PCA 供应枕叶皮层,梗死导致对侧同向性偏盲。

4. 一名 72 岁男性突发言语困难,能理解语言但难以组词。这是什么类型的失语?

A. Wernicke 失语

B. Broca 失语

C. 完全性失语

D. 传导性失语

答案:B。Broca 区位于额下回,负责言语产生;损伤导致非流利、费力言语但理解保

留。

5. 颈内动脉闭塞后,对侧偏身感觉运动障碍提示哪个血管区域受累?

A. 大脑前动脉

B. 大脑中动脉

C. 大脑后动脉

D. 椎基底动脉

答案:B。MCA 梗死导致对侧运动感觉障碍;左侧偏身障碍提示右侧半球受累。

6. 以下哪项是心源性栓塞性卒中最常见的原因?

A. 大动脉粥样硬化

B. 心房颤动
C. 小血管病
D. 动脉夹层

答案:B。心房颤动可在左心耳形成血栓,导致栓塞性卒中。

7. 一名患者突发“一生中最严重的头痛”。CT 显示蛛网膜下腔出血。最常见的原因是?

A. 动静脉畸形

B. 动脉瘤破裂

, 3



C. 淀粉样血管病

D. 高血压性出血

答案:B。大多数自发性蛛网膜下腔出血由囊状(浆果)动脉瘤破裂引起。

8. 慢性高血压导致脑出血最常累及哪条动脉?

A. 大脑中动脉皮层支

B. 豆纹动脉

C. 大脑后动脉

D. 小脑上动脉

答案:B。高血压优先影响基底节、丘脑和脑桥的小穿通动脉。

9. 一名 45 岁女性突发单眼视力丧失,描述为“窗帘落下”。最可能的诊断是?

A. 一过性黑矇

B. 视网膜脱离

C. 视神经炎

D. 视网膜中央动脉闭塞

答案:A。一过性黑矇(amaurosis fugax)通常由颈动脉分叉处斑块脱落的栓子进入眼

动脉引起。

10. 左侧 MCA 上干梗死最可能表现为?

A. 右侧面部和上肢无力,下肢相对保留

B. 右下肢无力为主

C. 左侧视野缺损
D. 构音障碍但无肢体无力

答案:A。MCA 上干供应面部和上肢运动皮层,下肢由 ACA 供应。

11. 脑桥出血的典型表现不包括?

A. 意识障碍

B. 四肢瘫

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