2
NURS 5461 EXAM 1 with precise detailed answers
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Microcytic anemia - ✔✔iron deficiency, usually due to malabsorption / occult blood loss, or
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lead poisoning. MCV <80
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Normocytic anemia - ✔✔due to hemorrhage or chronic disease. Aplastic anemia. MVC 80-
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92
macrocytic anemia - ✔✔due to folate or vitamin B12(cobalamin) deficiency (megaloblastic
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anemia) / pernicious anemia. /liver diseases
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serum ferritin - ✔✔Tests for iron stores. As serum ferritin falls, TIBC rises, and serum iron
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levels will eventually fall.
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Anemia of chronic disease - ✔✔NORMOcytic anemia with ↓ serum iron, ↓ TIBC, and
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normal iron stores. Treat with epoetin and give an iron supplement
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Schistocytes - ✔✔Associated with hemolytic uremia syndrome || || || || || ||
pernicious anemia - ✔✔Macrocytic anemia caused by vitamin B12 deficiency. B12 is
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essential to maturation of erythrocytes - low levels will cause the RBC to expand. PPIs and
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histamine2 blockers can cause this. || || || ||
Increased homocysteine & methylmalonic acid level indicates ? - ✔✔B12 deficiency
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increased homocysteine levels - ✔✔Folate deficiency
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, 2
Sperocytes - ✔✔Appear as spheres, lack central pallor, smaller diameter, indicate immune-
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mediated process - can be seen after blood transfusion
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aplastic anemia - ✔✔a normocytic anemia characterized by the failure of bone marrow to
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produce red blood cells || || ||
Low ferritin - ✔✔iron deficiency anemia
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Transferrin - ✔✔transports iron || || ||
TIBC (total iron binding capacity) - ✔✔Available transferrin that is left unbound
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(Represents the "empty seats on a train"). When iron is low, TIBC will be high. When iron is
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high, TIBC will be low
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MCHC (mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration) - ✔✔32 - 36 g/dL
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Concentration of hemoglobin per RBC || || || ||
Alzheimer's disease - ✔✔Gradual onset with early memory impairment. Most common
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form of dementia. Cholinesterase inhibitors for early treatment.
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Lewy body dementia - ✔✔usually a rapidly progressive form of dementia seen with
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Parkinson syndrome. - VISUAL HALLUCINATION ARE SEEN.
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frontal lobe dementia - ✔✔Seen before age 60 w personality impairments. PDG-PET Scan
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testing. - decreased glucose uptake by the brain in frontal and temporal lobe
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NURS 5461 EXAM 1 with precise detailed answers
|| || || || || || ||
Microcytic anemia - ✔✔iron deficiency, usually due to malabsorption / occult blood loss, or
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
lead poisoning. MCV <80
|| || ||
Normocytic anemia - ✔✔due to hemorrhage or chronic disease. Aplastic anemia. MVC 80-
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
92
macrocytic anemia - ✔✔due to folate or vitamin B12(cobalamin) deficiency (megaloblastic
|| || || || || || || || || || ||
anemia) / pernicious anemia. /liver diseases
|| || || || ||
serum ferritin - ✔✔Tests for iron stores. As serum ferritin falls, TIBC rises, and serum iron
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
levels will eventually fall.
|| || ||
Anemia of chronic disease - ✔✔NORMOcytic anemia with ↓ serum iron, ↓ TIBC, and
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
normal iron stores. Treat with epoetin and give an iron supplement
|| || || || || || || || || ||
Schistocytes - ✔✔Associated with hemolytic uremia syndrome || || || || || ||
pernicious anemia - ✔✔Macrocytic anemia caused by vitamin B12 deficiency. B12 is
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
essential to maturation of erythrocytes - low levels will cause the RBC to expand. PPIs and
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
histamine2 blockers can cause this. || || || ||
Increased homocysteine & methylmalonic acid level indicates ? - ✔✔B12 deficiency
|| || || || || || || || || ||
increased homocysteine levels - ✔✔Folate deficiency
|| || || || ||
, 2
Sperocytes - ✔✔Appear as spheres, lack central pallor, smaller diameter, indicate immune-
|| || || || || || || || || || ||
mediated process - can be seen after blood transfusion
|| || || || || || || ||
aplastic anemia - ✔✔a normocytic anemia characterized by the failure of bone marrow to
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
produce red blood cells || || ||
Low ferritin - ✔✔iron deficiency anemia
|| || || || ||
Transferrin - ✔✔transports iron || || ||
TIBC (total iron binding capacity) - ✔✔Available transferrin that is left unbound
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
(Represents the "empty seats on a train"). When iron is low, TIBC will be high. When iron is
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
high, TIBC will be low
|| || || ||
MCHC (mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration) - ✔✔32 - 36 g/dL
|| || || || || || || || ||
Concentration of hemoglobin per RBC || || || ||
Alzheimer's disease - ✔✔Gradual onset with early memory impairment. Most common
|| || || || || || || || || || ||
form of dementia. Cholinesterase inhibitors for early treatment.
|| || || || || || ||
Lewy body dementia - ✔✔usually a rapidly progressive form of dementia seen with
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
Parkinson syndrome. - VISUAL HALLUCINATION ARE SEEN.
|| || || || || ||
frontal lobe dementia - ✔✔Seen before age 60 w personality impairments. PDG-PET Scan
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
testing. - decreased glucose uptake by the brain in frontal and temporal lobe
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