2
Adult health III exam 4 with precise detailed answers
|| || || || || || || ||
Pulmonary Embolism: Risk Factors
|| || ||
§Greatest risk factor for PE is presence of D V T
|| || || || || || || || || ||
§Obesity
§Smoking
§Chronic heart disease || ||
§Fracture
§Hip or knee replacement
|| || ||
§Major surgery
||
§Major trauma
||
§Spinal cord injury
|| ||
§History of previous V T E
|| || || || ||
§Malignancy (bc cancer inc risk for clotting)
|| || || || || ||
,2
describe Pulmonary Embolism: Virchow's Triad
|| || || ||
- venous stasis (obesity, post op, immobility)
|| || || || || ||
- vessel wall damage (trauma, atherosclerosis, IV drugs)
|| || || || || || ||
- hypercoagulability (cancer, BC, SCA, polycythemia vera)
|| || || || || ||
______ is the physical movement of air through the pulmonary airways
|| || || || || || || || || ||
ventilation
______ is the movement of blood through the pulmonary circulation, eventually providing
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
oxygen to every part of the body.
|| || || || || ||
Perfusion ||
PE results in high _____ and low _____ scenario
|| || || || || || || ||
•high-ventilation/low-perfusion
complications of PE include pulmonary HTN and reduced LV preload describe what these
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
can lead to || ||
1. pulm htn > R HF > obstructive shock
|| || || || || || || ||
2. reduced LV preload > dec CO > hypotension > dec tissue perfusion
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
,2
common s/s of PE || || ||
- dyspnea
||
- accessory muscle use
|| || ||
- pleuritic CP
|| ||
- tachycardia
||
- tachypnea
||
- crackles
||
- cough
||
- hemoptysis
||
what type of PT would you be especially concerned about if they develop a new onset of
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
dyspnea ||
post-op patients, especially long-bone surgeries,
|| || || ||
____ ____ is the most commonly ordered test to dx PE
|| || || || || || || || || ||
Spiral CT (w/contrast) || ||
if a CT cannot be performed d/t it not being available or the pt having poor kidney fx; what
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
would the next diagnostic test be for a suspected PE
|| || || || || || || || ||
•V/Q scan, if CT not available or poor kidney function
|| || || || || || || || ||
, 2
PE is a problem with ______
|| || || || ||
perfusion
for those with a PE, an initial ABG may show ______ and ____ ______
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
‒Initial: Hypoxemia and respiratory alkalosis
|| || || ||
for those with a PE, an late ABG finding may show ____ ______
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
‒Late: metabolic acidosis
|| ||
Treatment for PE || ||
- asymptomatic
||
- symptomatic
||
- hemodynamically unstable
|| ||
- asymptomatic : anticoagulants ex: xarelto/eliquis/warfarin
|| || || || ||
- symptomatic : IV heparin
|| || || ||
- hemodynamically unstable : thrombolytic •Ie-alteplase
|| || || || ||
Anticoagulants used for treatment of Asymptomatic PE prevent clots from enlarging and
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
dec chance of more clots forming ; an example of this treatment is Warfarin; what are some
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
nursing considerations for this med
|| || || ||
Adult health III exam 4 with precise detailed answers
|| || || || || || || ||
Pulmonary Embolism: Risk Factors
|| || ||
§Greatest risk factor for PE is presence of D V T
|| || || || || || || || || ||
§Obesity
§Smoking
§Chronic heart disease || ||
§Fracture
§Hip or knee replacement
|| || ||
§Major surgery
||
§Major trauma
||
§Spinal cord injury
|| ||
§History of previous V T E
|| || || || ||
§Malignancy (bc cancer inc risk for clotting)
|| || || || || ||
,2
describe Pulmonary Embolism: Virchow's Triad
|| || || ||
- venous stasis (obesity, post op, immobility)
|| || || || || ||
- vessel wall damage (trauma, atherosclerosis, IV drugs)
|| || || || || || ||
- hypercoagulability (cancer, BC, SCA, polycythemia vera)
|| || || || || ||
______ is the physical movement of air through the pulmonary airways
|| || || || || || || || || ||
ventilation
______ is the movement of blood through the pulmonary circulation, eventually providing
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
oxygen to every part of the body.
|| || || || || ||
Perfusion ||
PE results in high _____ and low _____ scenario
|| || || || || || || ||
•high-ventilation/low-perfusion
complications of PE include pulmonary HTN and reduced LV preload describe what these
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
can lead to || ||
1. pulm htn > R HF > obstructive shock
|| || || || || || || ||
2. reduced LV preload > dec CO > hypotension > dec tissue perfusion
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
,2
common s/s of PE || || ||
- dyspnea
||
- accessory muscle use
|| || ||
- pleuritic CP
|| ||
- tachycardia
||
- tachypnea
||
- crackles
||
- cough
||
- hemoptysis
||
what type of PT would you be especially concerned about if they develop a new onset of
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
dyspnea ||
post-op patients, especially long-bone surgeries,
|| || || ||
____ ____ is the most commonly ordered test to dx PE
|| || || || || || || || || ||
Spiral CT (w/contrast) || ||
if a CT cannot be performed d/t it not being available or the pt having poor kidney fx; what
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
would the next diagnostic test be for a suspected PE
|| || || || || || || || ||
•V/Q scan, if CT not available or poor kidney function
|| || || || || || || || ||
, 2
PE is a problem with ______
|| || || || ||
perfusion
for those with a PE, an initial ABG may show ______ and ____ ______
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
‒Initial: Hypoxemia and respiratory alkalosis
|| || || ||
for those with a PE, an late ABG finding may show ____ ______
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
‒Late: metabolic acidosis
|| ||
Treatment for PE || ||
- asymptomatic
||
- symptomatic
||
- hemodynamically unstable
|| ||
- asymptomatic : anticoagulants ex: xarelto/eliquis/warfarin
|| || || || ||
- symptomatic : IV heparin
|| || || ||
- hemodynamically unstable : thrombolytic •Ie-alteplase
|| || || || ||
Anticoagulants used for treatment of Asymptomatic PE prevent clots from enlarging and
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
dec chance of more clots forming ; an example of this treatment is Warfarin; what are some
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
nursing considerations for this med
|| || || ||
