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Which finding(s) is (are) of most concern to the nurse when caring for a
woman in the first trimester of pregnancy? (Select all that apply.)
A. Cramping with bright red spotting
B. Extreme tenderness of the breast
C. Lack of tenderness of the breast
D. Increased amounts of discharge
E. Increased right-side flank pain -ANSWER-A,C,E Rationale: (A and C)
are signs of a possible miscarriage. Cramping with bright red bleeding is
a sign that the client's menstrual cycle is about to begin. A decrease of
tenderness in the breast is a sign that hormone levels have declined
and that a miscarriage is imminent. (E) could be a sign of an ectopic
pregnancy, which could be fatal if not discovered in time before
rupture. (B and D) are normal signs during the first trimester of a
pregnancy.
Prior to discharge, what instructions should the nurse give to parents
regarding the newborn's umbilical cord care at home?
A. Wash the cord frequently with mild soap and water.
B. Cover the cord with a sterile dressing.
C. Allow the cord to air-dry as much as possible.
,D. Apply baby lotion after the baby's daily bath. -ANSWER-C. Rationale:
Recent studies have indicated that air drying or plain water application
may be equal to or more effective than alcohol in the cord healing
process (C). (A, B, and D) are incorrect because they promote moisture
and increase the potential for infection.
The nurse is evaluating a full-term multigravida who was induced 3
hours ago. The nurse determines that the client is dilated 7 cm and is
100% effaced at 0 station, with intact membranes. The monitor
indicates that the FHR decelerates at the onset of several contractions
and returns to baseline before each contraction ends. Which action
should the nurse take?
A. Reapply the external transducer.
B. Insert intrauterine pressure catheter.
C. Discontinue the oxytocin infusion.
D. Continue to monitor labor progress. -ANSWER-D. Rationale: The
fetal heart rate indicates early decelerations, which are not an ominous
sign, so the nurse should continue to monitor the labor progress (D)
and document the findings in the client's record. There is no reason to
reapply the external transducer (A) if the FHR tracings are being
captured. (B and C) are not indicated at this time.
The nurse is counseling a client who wants to become pregnant. She
tells the nurse that she has a 36-day menstrual cycle and the first day of
her last menstrual period was January 8. When will the client's next
fertile period occur?
A. January 14 to 15
, B. January 22 to 23
C. January 29 to 30
D.February 6 to 7 -ANSWER-C. Rationale: This client can expect her
next period to begin 36 days from the first day of her last menstrual
period. Her next period would begin on February 12. Ovulation occurs
14 days before the first day of the menstrual period. The client can
expect ovulation to occur January 29 to 30 (C). (A, B, and D) are
incorrect.
A client who delivered a healthy infant 5 days ago calls the clinic nurse
and reports that her lochia is getting lighter in color and asks when the
flow will stop. How should the nurse respond?
A. 2 weeks
B. 10 days
C. When the placental site has healed
D.After the first time ovulation occurs -ANSWER-C. Rationale: The
placental site in the uterus usually heals (C) in 3 to 6 weeks, and the
lochial flow should cease at that time. Between 2 and 6 weeks after
childbirth, lochia alba occurs in most women (A). The client is describing
lochia serosa, a normal change in the lochial flow (B) between days 3
and 4 after childbirth, which lasts to about day 10. (D) does not give the
client the best information because ovulation varies in the postpartum
period and is influenced by lactation and hormonal responses as the
client's usual menstrual cycle resumes.
Which maternal behavior is the nurse most likely to see when a new
mother receives her infant for the first time?