WGU D203 Fundamentals of Anatomy and Physiology: Practice
Test 1 (Units 1-7)
50 questions
1. Which is the correct order of structural organization from simplest to most complex?
A. Chemical, cellular, tissue, organ, organ system, organism
B. Cellular, chemical, organ, tissue, organism, organ system
C. Tissue, cellular, chemical, organ, organism, organ system
D. Organism, organ system, organ, tissue, cellular, chemical
Correct Answer: A. Chemical, cellular, tissue, organ, organ system, organism
Rationale: Each level builds on the previous one.
2. In anatomical position, the palms face:
A. Backward
B. Forward (anteriorly)
C. Toward the thighs
D. Upward toward the ceiling
Correct Answer: B. Forward (anteriorly)
Rationale: This standard position is the reference for directional terms.
3. The knee is ____ to the ankle.
A. Proximal
B. Distal
C. Medial
D. Deep
Correct Answer: A. Proximal
Rationale: The knee is closer to the trunk.
4. The sternum is ____ to the vertebral column.
A. Posterior
B. Lateral
C. Anterior
D. Inferior
Correct Answer: C. Anterior
Rationale: The sternum lies in front of the spine.
5. A plane that divides the body into right and left halves is the:
A. Frontal plane
B. Transverse plane
C. Oblique plane
D. Midsagittal plane
Correct Answer: D. Midsagittal plane
Rationale: Midsagittal divides into equal halves.
6. The heart is located in which cavity?
A. Pericardial cavity within the thoracic cavity
B. Abdominal cavity
C. Cranial cavity
D. Pelvic cavity
Correct Answer: A. Pericardial cavity within the thoracic cavity
Rationale: It lies in the mediastinum.
, 7. Which is an example of negative feedback?
A. Insulin release lowering a high blood glucose level
B. Oxytocin increasing labor contractions
C. Clotting factors amplifying clot formation
D. Increasing contractions during childbirth
Correct Answer: A. Insulin release lowering a high blood glucose level
Rationale: Negative feedback reverses the change.
8. In a feedback loop, the structure that detects a change is the:
A. Effector
B. Control center
C. Stimulus
D. Receptor (sensor)
Correct Answer: D. Receptor (sensor)
Rationale: The control center processes the information; the effector responds.
9. Which organelle produces ATP through cellular respiration?
A. Lysosome
B. Golgi apparatus
C. Mitochondrion
D. Nucleolus
Correct Answer: C. Mitochondrion
Rationale: Mitochondria are the 'powerhouse' of the cell.
10. Which organelle packages and ships proteins?
A. Golgi apparatus
B. Ribosome
C. Mitochondrion
D. Centriole
Correct Answer: A. Golgi apparatus
Rationale: Proteins move from the ER to the Golgi.
11. Which transport process requires ATP?
A. Diffusion
B. Osmosis
C. Facilitated diffusion
D. Sodium-potassium pump
Correct Answer: D. Sodium-potassium pump
Rationale: Active transport moves substances against gradients.
12. A cell placed in a hypertonic solution will:
A. Swell and burst
B. Stay the same
C. Gain solutes by osmosis
D. Shrink as water leaves
Correct Answer: D. Shrink as water leaves
Rationale: Water moves toward the higher solute concentration outside.
Test 1 (Units 1-7)
50 questions
1. Which is the correct order of structural organization from simplest to most complex?
A. Chemical, cellular, tissue, organ, organ system, organism
B. Cellular, chemical, organ, tissue, organism, organ system
C. Tissue, cellular, chemical, organ, organism, organ system
D. Organism, organ system, organ, tissue, cellular, chemical
Correct Answer: A. Chemical, cellular, tissue, organ, organ system, organism
Rationale: Each level builds on the previous one.
2. In anatomical position, the palms face:
A. Backward
B. Forward (anteriorly)
C. Toward the thighs
D. Upward toward the ceiling
Correct Answer: B. Forward (anteriorly)
Rationale: This standard position is the reference for directional terms.
3. The knee is ____ to the ankle.
A. Proximal
B. Distal
C. Medial
D. Deep
Correct Answer: A. Proximal
Rationale: The knee is closer to the trunk.
4. The sternum is ____ to the vertebral column.
A. Posterior
B. Lateral
C. Anterior
D. Inferior
Correct Answer: C. Anterior
Rationale: The sternum lies in front of the spine.
5. A plane that divides the body into right and left halves is the:
A. Frontal plane
B. Transverse plane
C. Oblique plane
D. Midsagittal plane
Correct Answer: D. Midsagittal plane
Rationale: Midsagittal divides into equal halves.
6. The heart is located in which cavity?
A. Pericardial cavity within the thoracic cavity
B. Abdominal cavity
C. Cranial cavity
D. Pelvic cavity
Correct Answer: A. Pericardial cavity within the thoracic cavity
Rationale: It lies in the mediastinum.
, 7. Which is an example of negative feedback?
A. Insulin release lowering a high blood glucose level
B. Oxytocin increasing labor contractions
C. Clotting factors amplifying clot formation
D. Increasing contractions during childbirth
Correct Answer: A. Insulin release lowering a high blood glucose level
Rationale: Negative feedback reverses the change.
8. In a feedback loop, the structure that detects a change is the:
A. Effector
B. Control center
C. Stimulus
D. Receptor (sensor)
Correct Answer: D. Receptor (sensor)
Rationale: The control center processes the information; the effector responds.
9. Which organelle produces ATP through cellular respiration?
A. Lysosome
B. Golgi apparatus
C. Mitochondrion
D. Nucleolus
Correct Answer: C. Mitochondrion
Rationale: Mitochondria are the 'powerhouse' of the cell.
10. Which organelle packages and ships proteins?
A. Golgi apparatus
B. Ribosome
C. Mitochondrion
D. Centriole
Correct Answer: A. Golgi apparatus
Rationale: Proteins move from the ER to the Golgi.
11. Which transport process requires ATP?
A. Diffusion
B. Osmosis
C. Facilitated diffusion
D. Sodium-potassium pump
Correct Answer: D. Sodium-potassium pump
Rationale: Active transport moves substances against gradients.
12. A cell placed in a hypertonic solution will:
A. Swell and burst
B. Stay the same
C. Gain solutes by osmosis
D. Shrink as water leaves
Correct Answer: D. Shrink as water leaves
Rationale: Water moves toward the higher solute concentration outside.
