UTSA BIO 1404 Biosciences I Final Exam (Comprehensive) -
Questions with Correct Answers (Verified Update)
50 questions
1. A neutral atom has 8 protons and 10 neutrons. How many electrons does it have?
A. 10
B. 8
C. 18
D. 2
Correct Answer: B. 8
Rationale: In a neutral atom electrons equal protons.
2. Which property of water makes it a good solvent for ions and polar molecules?
A. Its low boiling point
B. Its polarity
C. Its nonpolar bonds
D. Its ability to float as ice
Correct Answer: B. Its polarity
Rationale: Partial charges surround and dissolve charged and polar substances.
3. Lipids are grouped together because they are all:
A. Polymers of fatty acids
B. Made of amino acids
C. Hydrophobic
D. Sources of genetic information
Correct Answer: C. Hydrophobic
Rationale: Lipids are a diverse group united by poor water solubility.
4. A change in pH denatures an enzyme mainly by disrupting:
A. Ionic and hydrogen bonds between R groups
B. Peptide bonds
C. The order of amino acids
D. Phosphodiester bonds
Correct Answer: A. Ionic and hydrogen bonds between R groups
Rationale: Altered charges on R groups disrupt the folded structure.
5. Which organelle is the main site of ATP production in eukaryotic cells?
A. Nucleus
B. Lysosome
C. Mitochondrion
D. Golgi apparatus
Correct Answer: C. Mitochondrion
Rationale: Oxidative phosphorylation occurs on the inner mitochondrial membrane.
6. Which type of transport moves glucose into a red blood cell down its gradient through a
carrier protein?
A. Primary active transport
B. Simple diffusion
C. Facilitated diffusion
D. Exocytosis
Correct Answer: C. Facilitated diffusion
Rationale: GLUT transporters allow passive glucose entry.
, 7. The energy released by electrons moving down the ETC is used directly to:
A. Make glucose
B. Split water
C. Phosphorylate glucose
D. Pump H+ across the inner mitochondrial membrane
Correct Answer: D. Pump H+ across the inner mitochondrial membrane
Rationale: The resulting proton-motive force powers ATP synthase.
8. Which process yields the most ATP per glucose?
A. Lactic acid fermentation
B. Alcoholic fermentation
C. Aerobic respiration
D. Glycolysis alone
Correct Answer: C. Aerobic respiration
Rationale: About 30-32 ATP versus 2 for fermentation.
9. Which statement correctly compares chloroplasts and mitochondria?
A. Both contain DNA, ribosomes and electron transport chains
B. Only mitochondria contain DNA
C. Only chloroplasts make ATP
D. Neither has internal membranes
Correct Answer: A. Both contain DNA, ribosomes and electron transport chains
Rationale: Their similarities support endosymbiosis.
10. NADPH produced in the light reactions is used in the Calvin cycle to:
A. Split water
B. Release O2
C. Absorb light
D. Reduce 3-PGA to G3P
Correct Answer: D. Reduce 3-PGA to G3P
Rationale: NADPH supplies high-energy electrons for building sugar.
11. Plants release CO2 at night because:
A. Photosynthesis runs backward
B. Rubisco releases CO2 only at night
C. They carry out cellular respiration continuously
D. Chlorophyll decomposes
Correct Answer: C. They carry out cellular respiration continuously
Rationale: Respiration occurs day and night; in daylight, photosynthesis usually exceeds it.
12. During which phase does the nuclear envelope re-form?
A. Prophase
B. Telophase
C. Metaphase
D. Anaphase
Correct Answer: B. Telophase
Rationale: Telophase reverses the events of prophase.
Questions with Correct Answers (Verified Update)
50 questions
1. A neutral atom has 8 protons and 10 neutrons. How many electrons does it have?
A. 10
B. 8
C. 18
D. 2
Correct Answer: B. 8
Rationale: In a neutral atom electrons equal protons.
2. Which property of water makes it a good solvent for ions and polar molecules?
A. Its low boiling point
B. Its polarity
C. Its nonpolar bonds
D. Its ability to float as ice
Correct Answer: B. Its polarity
Rationale: Partial charges surround and dissolve charged and polar substances.
3. Lipids are grouped together because they are all:
A. Polymers of fatty acids
B. Made of amino acids
C. Hydrophobic
D. Sources of genetic information
Correct Answer: C. Hydrophobic
Rationale: Lipids are a diverse group united by poor water solubility.
4. A change in pH denatures an enzyme mainly by disrupting:
A. Ionic and hydrogen bonds between R groups
B. Peptide bonds
C. The order of amino acids
D. Phosphodiester bonds
Correct Answer: A. Ionic and hydrogen bonds between R groups
Rationale: Altered charges on R groups disrupt the folded structure.
5. Which organelle is the main site of ATP production in eukaryotic cells?
A. Nucleus
B. Lysosome
C. Mitochondrion
D. Golgi apparatus
Correct Answer: C. Mitochondrion
Rationale: Oxidative phosphorylation occurs on the inner mitochondrial membrane.
6. Which type of transport moves glucose into a red blood cell down its gradient through a
carrier protein?
A. Primary active transport
B. Simple diffusion
C. Facilitated diffusion
D. Exocytosis
Correct Answer: C. Facilitated diffusion
Rationale: GLUT transporters allow passive glucose entry.
, 7. The energy released by electrons moving down the ETC is used directly to:
A. Make glucose
B. Split water
C. Phosphorylate glucose
D. Pump H+ across the inner mitochondrial membrane
Correct Answer: D. Pump H+ across the inner mitochondrial membrane
Rationale: The resulting proton-motive force powers ATP synthase.
8. Which process yields the most ATP per glucose?
A. Lactic acid fermentation
B. Alcoholic fermentation
C. Aerobic respiration
D. Glycolysis alone
Correct Answer: C. Aerobic respiration
Rationale: About 30-32 ATP versus 2 for fermentation.
9. Which statement correctly compares chloroplasts and mitochondria?
A. Both contain DNA, ribosomes and electron transport chains
B. Only mitochondria contain DNA
C. Only chloroplasts make ATP
D. Neither has internal membranes
Correct Answer: A. Both contain DNA, ribosomes and electron transport chains
Rationale: Their similarities support endosymbiosis.
10. NADPH produced in the light reactions is used in the Calvin cycle to:
A. Split water
B. Release O2
C. Absorb light
D. Reduce 3-PGA to G3P
Correct Answer: D. Reduce 3-PGA to G3P
Rationale: NADPH supplies high-energy electrons for building sugar.
11. Plants release CO2 at night because:
A. Photosynthesis runs backward
B. Rubisco releases CO2 only at night
C. They carry out cellular respiration continuously
D. Chlorophyll decomposes
Correct Answer: C. They carry out cellular respiration continuously
Rationale: Respiration occurs day and night; in daylight, photosynthesis usually exceeds it.
12. During which phase does the nuclear envelope re-form?
A. Prophase
B. Telophase
C. Metaphase
D. Anaphase
Correct Answer: B. Telophase
Rationale: Telophase reverses the events of prophase.
