BIO 152 CH1,2&3 REVIEW Questions with Correct Solutions

BIO 152 CH1,2&3 REVIEW Questions with Correct Solutions


Question:
1. What is inductive reasoning?

Answer:
Derive generalizations based on many specific observations. E.g., multiple live brain scans to
predict the function of a brain region.


Question:
2. What is deductive reasoning?

Answer:
Predicting Specific results from a general idea. E.g., All humans are mortal. Socrates is a
human. Therefore, Socrates is mortal.


Question:
3. What are the 2 types of science in the beginning of chapter

Answer:
Discovery Science Hypothesis Based Science


Question:
4. Explain discovery based science and what type of reasoning does it use? (inductive vs.
deductive)

Answer:
Descriptive data collection and analysis. Uses Inductive reasoning. (Generalizations from
multiple specific cases). Ex jane goodall lived with chimps to study them


Question:
5. Explain hypothesis based science and what type of reasoning does it use? (inductive vs.
deductive)

Answer:
Hypothesis-based science is a structured research approach that investigates a specific
question or problem by proposing a tentative, testable explanation and running experiments
to see if it holds true. (scientific method) It uses deductive reasoning


Question:
6. When performing a scientific study, you generate and evaluate data. What are the two
types of data? Is one better than the other?

,Answer:
Qualitative Quantitative Neither is better than the other.


Question:
7. What is qualitative data?

Answer:
Data based on things other than numbers (descriptive)


Question:
8. What is quantitative data?

Answer:
numerical data obtained by counting or measuring


Question:
9. Steps of the scientific method:

Answer:
1. Observation
2. Question
3. Hypothesis
4. Prediction
5. Experiment
6. Conclusion
7. Repeat


Question:
10. What must a hypothesis be?

Answer:
Testable and falsifiable


Question:
11. Generally, what is different between the control and experimental groups?

Answer:
The Independent variable


Question:
12. What's the difference between a hypothesis, a theory, and a law in science?

, Answer:
A hypothesis is a testable explanation or prediction that can be tested through experiments or
observations. A scientific theory is an explanation that has been tested many times and is
strongly supported by a large amount of evidence. In simple terms, a hypothesis is an idea
being tested, while a theory is a well-supported explanation. While a law is like a theory but
very specific.


Question:
13. What are the 2 types of science discussed later in the chapter with an example

Answer:
Basic Science: wants to learn about something (requires discovery) Applied science: seeks to
solve real-world problems ex. discovering DNA structure was basic science, while using that
discovery to solve any problem, like forensics, is applied science


Question:
14. explain scientific journals

Answer:
Scientific journals are regular publications where scientists and researchers share new
experiments, discoveries, and study results with other experts, and they decide if it should be
published.


Question:
15. Properties of all life:

Answer:
1. Order (organized structure. All things mades of cells)
2. Response to stimuli
3. Reproduction
4. growth and development
5. Regulation
6. Energy processing
7. Adaptation


Question:
16. What's an example of regulation?

Answer:
Homeostasis: Maintaining internal conditions within a narrow range despite environmental
changes?


Question:
17. What 2 mechanisms are used to regulate biological systems and maintain homeostasis?