NURS 1150 EXAM 4 – NURSE
PHARMACOLOGY I (NCLEX NGN
STYLE) QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
2026/2027 VERIFIED
1. A patient with Type 1 diabetes is prescribed Lispro (Humalog) insulin. Which instruction is
most critical for the nurse to provide?
A. Take the insulin 30 to 60 minutes before meals.
B. Only take this insulin once daily at bedtime.
C. Ensure food is present or will be consumed within 15 minutes.
D. Monitor for hyperglycemia 12 hours after administration.
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: Lispro is a rapid-acting insulin with an onset of 15 minutes. To
prevent hypoglycemia, the patient must eat shortly after administration.
2. A patient is receiving Metformin (Glucophage) for Type 2 diabetes. The patient is scheduled
for a CT scan with IV contrast. What is the priority nursing action?
A. Hold Metformin 48 hours before and after the procedure.
B. Ensure the patient remains NPO for 12 hours.
C. Administer a double dose of Metformin before the scan.
,D. Administer IV fluids to flush the Metformin out.
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: Metformin must be held before and for 48 hours after IV
contrast dye to prevent lactic acidosis and acute renal failure.
3. The nurse is monitoring a patient on Levothyroxine (Synthroid) for hypothyroidism. Which
finding indicates the dose is too high?
A. Bradycardia and constipation.
B. Weight gain and lethargy.
C. Dry skin and cold intolerance.
D. Tachycardia and insomnia.
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: Excessive thyroid hormone (hyperthyroidism) causes symptoms
like tachycardia, palpitations, insomnia, and tremors.
4. Which statement by a patient prescribed a Glucocorticoid (Prednisone) indicates a need for
further teaching?
A. ‘I should not stop this medication abruptly.’
B. ‘I will avoid crowds and people who are sick.’
C. ‘I will report any signs of black, tarry stools to my doctor.’
D. ‘I can take this medication on an empty stomach to increase absorption.’
, Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: Glucocorticoids should be taken with food to prevent GI upset
and peptic ulcers. Abrupt withdrawal can cause adrenal crisis.
5. A patient is taking Spironolactone (Aldactone). Which food choice should the nurse advise
the patient to avoid?
A. Apples
B. White bread
C. Bananas
D. Green beans
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: Spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic. High-potassium
foods like bananas, spinach, and salt substitutes should be avoided to prevent
hyperkalemia.
6. The nurse is caring for a patient on Digoxin. Which electrolyte imbalance most increases
the risk for Digoxin toxicity?
A. Hypokalemia
B. Hyponatremia
C. Hyperkalemia
D. Hypermagnesemia
PHARMACOLOGY I (NCLEX NGN
STYLE) QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
2026/2027 VERIFIED
1. A patient with Type 1 diabetes is prescribed Lispro (Humalog) insulin. Which instruction is
most critical for the nurse to provide?
A. Take the insulin 30 to 60 minutes before meals.
B. Only take this insulin once daily at bedtime.
C. Ensure food is present or will be consumed within 15 minutes.
D. Monitor for hyperglycemia 12 hours after administration.
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: Lispro is a rapid-acting insulin with an onset of 15 minutes. To
prevent hypoglycemia, the patient must eat shortly after administration.
2. A patient is receiving Metformin (Glucophage) for Type 2 diabetes. The patient is scheduled
for a CT scan with IV contrast. What is the priority nursing action?
A. Hold Metformin 48 hours before and after the procedure.
B. Ensure the patient remains NPO for 12 hours.
C. Administer a double dose of Metformin before the scan.
,D. Administer IV fluids to flush the Metformin out.
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: Metformin must be held before and for 48 hours after IV
contrast dye to prevent lactic acidosis and acute renal failure.
3. The nurse is monitoring a patient on Levothyroxine (Synthroid) for hypothyroidism. Which
finding indicates the dose is too high?
A. Bradycardia and constipation.
B. Weight gain and lethargy.
C. Dry skin and cold intolerance.
D. Tachycardia and insomnia.
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: Excessive thyroid hormone (hyperthyroidism) causes symptoms
like tachycardia, palpitations, insomnia, and tremors.
4. Which statement by a patient prescribed a Glucocorticoid (Prednisone) indicates a need for
further teaching?
A. ‘I should not stop this medication abruptly.’
B. ‘I will avoid crowds and people who are sick.’
C. ‘I will report any signs of black, tarry stools to my doctor.’
D. ‘I can take this medication on an empty stomach to increase absorption.’
, Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: Glucocorticoids should be taken with food to prevent GI upset
and peptic ulcers. Abrupt withdrawal can cause adrenal crisis.
5. A patient is taking Spironolactone (Aldactone). Which food choice should the nurse advise
the patient to avoid?
A. Apples
B. White bread
C. Bananas
D. Green beans
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: Spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic. High-potassium
foods like bananas, spinach, and salt substitutes should be avoided to prevent
hyperkalemia.
6. The nurse is caring for a patient on Digoxin. Which electrolyte imbalance most increases
the risk for Digoxin toxicity?
A. Hypokalemia
B. Hyponatremia
C. Hyperkalemia
D. Hypermagnesemia
